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INSERTSynopsisINSERT INTO table [ ( column [, ...] ) ]
{ DEFAULT VALUES | VALUES ( { expression | DEFAULT } [, ...] ) | query }
INSERT INTO table [ ( column [, ...] ) ]
{ DEFAULT VALUES | VALUES ( { expression | DEFAULT } [, ...] ) | query }
[ RETURNING { * | return_expression [, ...] }
[ INTO { record | variable [, ...] } ] ]DescriptionINSERT allows you to insert new rows into a table. You can insert a single row at a time or several rows as a result of a query. The columns in the target list may be listed in any order. Each column not present in the target list will be inserted using a default value, either its declared default value or null. If the expression for each column is not of the correct data type, automatic type conversion will be attempted. If using RETURNING, the clause, INTO { record | variable [, ...] }, must be specified if INSERT is used as a program statement in a procedure, function, package, trigger, or anonymous block. INTO { record | variable [, ...] } must be omitted if the command is not given within the context of a program - for example as a stand-alone query in PSQL or SQL Interactive. If RETURNING * is specified, the effect is the same as if RETURNING return_expression [, ...] was given where each return_expression is a column in table, for each column in table, given in the same order as the columns in table. In an SPL program, if the result set of the INSERTcommand contains more than one row, then the contents of the target record or variables of the INTO clause are set to the RETURNING clause expressions based on one arbitrary row of the result set. If the result set is empty, then the contents of the target record or variables are set to null. You must have INSERT privilege to a table in order to insert into it. If you use the query clause to insert rows from a query, you also need to have SELECT privilege on any table used in the query. Parameters
OutputsOn successful completion, an INSERT command returns a command tag of the form INSERT oid count The count is the number of rows inserted. ExamplesInsert a single row into table films: INSERT INTO films VALUES
('UA502', 'Bananas', 105, '1971-07-13', 'Comedy', '82 minutes');
In this second example, the last column len is omitted and therefore it will have the default value of null: INSERT INTO films (code, title, did, date_prod, kind)
VALUES ('T_601', 'Yojimbo', 106, '1961-06-16', 'Drama');
The third example uses the DEFAULT clause for the date columns rather than specifying a value: INSERT INTO films VALUES
('UA502', 'Bananas', 105, DEFAULT, 'Comedy', '82 minutes');
INSERT INTO films (code, title, did, date_prod, kind)
VALUES ('T_601', 'Yojimbo', 106, DEFAULT, 'Drama');
This example inserts several rows into table films from table tmp: INSERT INTO films SELECT * FROM tmp;
This example inserts into array columns: -- Create an empty 3x3 gameboard for noughts-and-crosses
-- (these commands create the same board)
INSERT INTO tictactoe (game, board[1:3][1:3])
VALUES (1,'{{"","",""},{"","",""},{"","",""}}');
INSERT INTO tictactoe (game, board)
VALUES (2,'{{,,},{,,},{,,}}');
CompatibilityINSERT conforms fully to the SQL standard. Possible limitations of the query clause are documented under SELECT. |