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Source file src/debug/dwarf/line.go

Documentation: debug/dwarf

     1  // Copyright 2015 The Go Authors. All rights reserved.
     2  // Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
     3  // license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
     4  
     5  package dwarf
     6  
     7  import (
     8  	"errors"
     9  	"fmt"
    10  	"io"
    11  	"path"
    12  	"strings"
    13  )
    14  
    15  // A LineReader reads a sequence of LineEntry structures from a DWARF
    16  // "line" section for a single compilation unit. LineEntries occur in
    17  // order of increasing PC and each LineEntry gives metadata for the
    18  // instructions from that LineEntry's PC to just before the next
    19  // LineEntry's PC. The last entry will have its EndSequence field set.
    20  type LineReader struct {
    21  	buf buf
    22  
    23  	// Original .debug_line section data. Used by Seek.
    24  	section []byte
    25  
    26  	// Header information
    27  	version              uint16
    28  	minInstructionLength int
    29  	maxOpsPerInstruction int
    30  	defaultIsStmt        bool
    31  	lineBase             int
    32  	lineRange            int
    33  	opcodeBase           int
    34  	opcodeLengths        []int
    35  	directories          []string
    36  	fileEntries          []*LineFile
    37  
    38  	programOffset Offset // section offset of line number program
    39  	endOffset     Offset // section offset of byte following program
    40  
    41  	initialFileEntries int // initial length of fileEntries
    42  
    43  	// Current line number program state machine registers
    44  	state     LineEntry // public state
    45  	fileIndex int       // private state
    46  }
    47  
    48  // A LineEntry is a row in a DWARF line table.
    49  type LineEntry struct {
    50  	// Address is the program-counter value of a machine
    51  	// instruction generated by the compiler. This LineEntry
    52  	// applies to each instruction from Address to just before the
    53  	// Address of the next LineEntry.
    54  	Address uint64
    55  
    56  	// OpIndex is the index of an operation within a VLIW
    57  	// instruction. The index of the first operation is 0. For
    58  	// non-VLIW architectures, it will always be 0. Address and
    59  	// OpIndex together form an operation pointer that can
    60  	// reference any individual operation within the instruction
    61  	// stream.
    62  	OpIndex int
    63  
    64  	// File is the source file corresponding to these
    65  	// instructions.
    66  	File *LineFile
    67  
    68  	// Line is the source code line number corresponding to these
    69  	// instructions. Lines are numbered beginning at 1. It may be
    70  	// 0 if these instructions cannot be attributed to any source
    71  	// line.
    72  	Line int
    73  
    74  	// Column is the column number within the source line of these
    75  	// instructions. Columns are numbered beginning at 1. It may
    76  	// be 0 to indicate the "left edge" of the line.
    77  	Column int
    78  
    79  	// IsStmt indicates that Address is a recommended breakpoint
    80  	// location, such as the beginning of a line, statement, or a
    81  	// distinct subpart of a statement.
    82  	IsStmt bool
    83  
    84  	// BasicBlock indicates that Address is the beginning of a
    85  	// basic block.
    86  	BasicBlock bool
    87  
    88  	// PrologueEnd indicates that Address is one (of possibly
    89  	// many) PCs where execution should be suspended for a
    90  	// breakpoint on entry to the containing function.
    91  	//
    92  	// Added in DWARF 3.
    93  	PrologueEnd bool
    94  
    95  	// EpilogueBegin indicates that Address is one (of possibly
    96  	// many) PCs where execution should be suspended for a
    97  	// breakpoint on exit from this function.
    98  	//
    99  	// Added in DWARF 3.
   100  	EpilogueBegin bool
   101  
   102  	// ISA is the instruction set architecture for these
   103  	// instructions. Possible ISA values should be defined by the
   104  	// applicable ABI specification.
   105  	//
   106  	// Added in DWARF 3.
   107  	ISA int
   108  
   109  	// Discriminator is an arbitrary integer indicating the block
   110  	// to which these instructions belong. It serves to
   111  	// distinguish among multiple blocks that may all have with
   112  	// the same source file, line, and column. Where only one
   113  	// block exists for a given source position, it should be 0.
   114  	//
   115  	// Added in DWARF 3.
   116  	Discriminator int
   117  
   118  	// EndSequence indicates that Address is the first byte after
   119  	// the end of a sequence of target machine instructions. If it
   120  	// is set, only this and the Address field are meaningful. A
   121  	// line number table may contain information for multiple
   122  	// potentially disjoint instruction sequences. The last entry
   123  	// in a line table should always have EndSequence set.
   124  	EndSequence bool
   125  }
   126  
   127  // A LineFile is a source file referenced by a DWARF line table entry.
   128  type LineFile struct {
   129  	Name   string
   130  	Mtime  uint64 // Implementation defined modification time, or 0 if unknown
   131  	Length int    // File length, or 0 if unknown
   132  }
   133  
   134  // LineReader returns a new reader for the line table of compilation
   135  // unit cu, which must be an Entry with tag TagCompileUnit.
   136  //
   137  // If this compilation unit has no line table, it returns nil, nil.
   138  func (d *Data) LineReader(cu *Entry) (*LineReader, error) {
   139  	if d.line == nil {
   140  		// No line tables available.
   141  		return nil, nil
   142  	}
   143  
   144  	// Get line table information from cu.
   145  	off, ok := cu.Val(AttrStmtList).(int64)
   146  	if !ok {
   147  		// cu has no line table.
   148  		return nil, nil
   149  	}
   150  	if off > int64(len(d.line)) {
   151  		return nil, errors.New("AttrStmtList value out of range")
   152  	}
   153  	// AttrCompDir is optional if all file names are absolute. Use
   154  	// the empty string if it's not present.
   155  	compDir, _ := cu.Val(AttrCompDir).(string)
   156  
   157  	// Create the LineReader.
   158  	u := &d.unit[d.offsetToUnit(cu.Offset)]
   159  	buf := makeBuf(d, u, "line", Offset(off), d.line[off:])
   160  	// The compilation directory is implicitly directories[0].
   161  	r := LineReader{buf: buf, section: d.line, directories: []string{compDir}}
   162  
   163  	// Read the header.
   164  	if err := r.readHeader(); err != nil {
   165  		return nil, err
   166  	}
   167  
   168  	// Initialize line reader state.
   169  	r.Reset()
   170  
   171  	return &r, nil
   172  }
   173  
   174  // readHeader reads the line number program header from r.buf and sets
   175  // all of the header fields in r.
   176  func (r *LineReader) readHeader() error {
   177  	buf := &r.buf
   178  
   179  	// Read basic header fields [DWARF2 6.2.4].
   180  	hdrOffset := buf.off
   181  	unitLength, dwarf64 := buf.unitLength()
   182  	r.endOffset = buf.off + unitLength
   183  	if r.endOffset > buf.off+Offset(len(buf.data)) {
   184  		return DecodeError{"line", hdrOffset, fmt.Sprintf("line table end %d exceeds section size %d", r.endOffset, buf.off+Offset(len(buf.data)))}
   185  	}
   186  	r.version = buf.uint16()
   187  	if buf.err == nil && (r.version < 2 || r.version > 4) {
   188  		// DWARF goes to all this effort to make new opcodes
   189  		// backward-compatible, and then adds fields right in
   190  		// the middle of the header in new versions, so we're
   191  		// picky about only supporting known line table
   192  		// versions.
   193  		return DecodeError{"line", hdrOffset, fmt.Sprintf("unknown line table version %d", r.version)}
   194  	}
   195  	var headerLength Offset
   196  	if dwarf64 {
   197  		headerLength = Offset(buf.uint64())
   198  	} else {
   199  		headerLength = Offset(buf.uint32())
   200  	}
   201  	r.programOffset = buf.off + headerLength
   202  	r.minInstructionLength = int(buf.uint8())
   203  	if r.version >= 4 {
   204  		// [DWARF4 6.2.4]
   205  		r.maxOpsPerInstruction = int(buf.uint8())
   206  	} else {
   207  		r.maxOpsPerInstruction = 1
   208  	}
   209  	r.defaultIsStmt = buf.uint8() != 0
   210  	r.lineBase = int(int8(buf.uint8()))
   211  	r.lineRange = int(buf.uint8())
   212  
   213  	// Validate header.
   214  	if buf.err != nil {
   215  		return buf.err
   216  	}
   217  	if r.maxOpsPerInstruction == 0 {
   218  		return DecodeError{"line", hdrOffset, "invalid maximum operations per instruction: 0"}
   219  	}
   220  	if r.lineRange == 0 {
   221  		return DecodeError{"line", hdrOffset, "invalid line range: 0"}
   222  	}
   223  
   224  	// Read standard opcode length table. This table starts with opcode 1.
   225  	r.opcodeBase = int(buf.uint8())
   226  	r.opcodeLengths = make([]int, r.opcodeBase)
   227  	for i := 1; i < r.opcodeBase; i++ {
   228  		r.opcodeLengths[i] = int(buf.uint8())
   229  	}
   230  
   231  	// Validate opcode lengths.
   232  	if buf.err != nil {
   233  		return buf.err
   234  	}
   235  	for i, length := range r.opcodeLengths {
   236  		if known, ok := knownOpcodeLengths[i]; ok && known != length {
   237  			return DecodeError{"line", hdrOffset, fmt.Sprintf("opcode %d expected to have length %d, but has length %d", i, known, length)}
   238  		}
   239  	}
   240  
   241  	// Read include directories table. The caller already set
   242  	// directories[0] to the compilation directory.
   243  	for {
   244  		directory := buf.string()
   245  		if buf.err != nil {
   246  			return buf.err
   247  		}
   248  		if len(directory) == 0 {
   249  			break
   250  		}
   251  		if !pathIsAbs(directory) {
   252  			// Relative paths are implicitly relative to
   253  			// the compilation directory.
   254  			directory = pathJoin(r.directories[0], directory)
   255  		}
   256  		r.directories = append(r.directories, directory)
   257  	}
   258  
   259  	// Read file name list. File numbering starts with 1, so leave
   260  	// the first entry nil.
   261  	r.fileEntries = make([]*LineFile, 1)
   262  	for {
   263  		if done, err := r.readFileEntry(); err != nil {
   264  			return err
   265  		} else if done {
   266  			break
   267  		}
   268  	}
   269  	r.initialFileEntries = len(r.fileEntries)
   270  
   271  	return buf.err
   272  }
   273  
   274  // readFileEntry reads a file entry from either the header or a
   275  // DW_LNE_define_file extended opcode and adds it to r.fileEntries. A
   276  // true return value indicates that there are no more entries to read.
   277  func (r *LineReader) readFileEntry() (bool, error) {
   278  	name := r.buf.string()
   279  	if r.buf.err != nil {
   280  		return false, r.buf.err
   281  	}
   282  	if len(name) == 0 {
   283  		return true, nil
   284  	}
   285  	off := r.buf.off
   286  	dirIndex := int(r.buf.uint())
   287  	if !pathIsAbs(name) {
   288  		if dirIndex >= len(r.directories) {
   289  			return false, DecodeError{"line", off, "directory index too large"}
   290  		}
   291  		name = pathJoin(r.directories[dirIndex], name)
   292  	}
   293  	mtime := r.buf.uint()
   294  	length := int(r.buf.uint())
   295  
   296  	r.fileEntries = append(r.fileEntries, &LineFile{name, mtime, length})
   297  	return false, nil
   298  }
   299  
   300  // updateFile updates r.state.File after r.fileIndex has
   301  // changed or r.fileEntries has changed.
   302  func (r *LineReader) updateFile() {
   303  	if r.fileIndex < len(r.fileEntries) {
   304  		r.state.File = r.fileEntries[r.fileIndex]
   305  	} else {
   306  		r.state.File = nil
   307  	}
   308  }
   309  
   310  // Next sets *entry to the next row in this line table and moves to
   311  // the next row. If there are no more entries and the line table is
   312  // properly terminated, it returns io.EOF.
   313  //
   314  // Rows are always in order of increasing entry.Address, but
   315  // entry.Line may go forward or backward.
   316  func (r *LineReader) Next(entry *LineEntry) error {
   317  	if r.buf.err != nil {
   318  		return r.buf.err
   319  	}
   320  
   321  	// Execute opcodes until we reach an opcode that emits a line
   322  	// table entry.
   323  	for {
   324  		if len(r.buf.data) == 0 {
   325  			return io.EOF
   326  		}
   327  		emit := r.step(entry)
   328  		if r.buf.err != nil {
   329  			return r.buf.err
   330  		}
   331  		if emit {
   332  			return nil
   333  		}
   334  	}
   335  }
   336  
   337  // knownOpcodeLengths gives the opcode lengths (in varint arguments)
   338  // of known standard opcodes.
   339  var knownOpcodeLengths = map[int]int{
   340  	lnsCopy:             0,
   341  	lnsAdvancePC:        1,
   342  	lnsAdvanceLine:      1,
   343  	lnsSetFile:          1,
   344  	lnsNegateStmt:       0,
   345  	lnsSetBasicBlock:    0,
   346  	lnsConstAddPC:       0,
   347  	lnsSetPrologueEnd:   0,
   348  	lnsSetEpilogueBegin: 0,
   349  	lnsSetISA:           1,
   350  	// lnsFixedAdvancePC takes a uint8 rather than a varint; it's
   351  	// unclear what length the header is supposed to claim, so
   352  	// ignore it.
   353  }
   354  
   355  // step processes the next opcode and updates r.state. If the opcode
   356  // emits a row in the line table, this updates *entry and returns
   357  // true.
   358  func (r *LineReader) step(entry *LineEntry) bool {
   359  	opcode := int(r.buf.uint8())
   360  
   361  	if opcode >= r.opcodeBase {
   362  		// Special opcode [DWARF2 6.2.5.1, DWARF4 6.2.5.1]
   363  		adjustedOpcode := opcode - r.opcodeBase
   364  		r.advancePC(adjustedOpcode / r.lineRange)
   365  		lineDelta := r.lineBase + adjustedOpcode%r.lineRange
   366  		r.state.Line += lineDelta
   367  		goto emit
   368  	}
   369  
   370  	switch opcode {
   371  	case 0:
   372  		// Extended opcode [DWARF2 6.2.5.3]
   373  		length := Offset(r.buf.uint())
   374  		startOff := r.buf.off
   375  		opcode := r.buf.uint8()
   376  
   377  		switch opcode {
   378  		case lneEndSequence:
   379  			r.state.EndSequence = true
   380  			*entry = r.state
   381  			r.resetState()
   382  
   383  		case lneSetAddress:
   384  			r.state.Address = r.buf.addr()
   385  
   386  		case lneDefineFile:
   387  			if done, err := r.readFileEntry(); err != nil {
   388  				r.buf.err = err
   389  				return false
   390  			} else if done {
   391  				r.buf.err = DecodeError{"line", startOff, "malformed DW_LNE_define_file operation"}
   392  				return false
   393  			}
   394  			r.updateFile()
   395  
   396  		case lneSetDiscriminator:
   397  			// [DWARF4 6.2.5.3]
   398  			r.state.Discriminator = int(r.buf.uint())
   399  		}
   400  
   401  		r.buf.skip(int(startOff + length - r.buf.off))
   402  
   403  		if opcode == lneEndSequence {
   404  			return true
   405  		}
   406  
   407  	// Standard opcodes [DWARF2 6.2.5.2]
   408  	case lnsCopy:
   409  		goto emit
   410  
   411  	case lnsAdvancePC:
   412  		r.advancePC(int(r.buf.uint()))
   413  
   414  	case lnsAdvanceLine:
   415  		r.state.Line += int(r.buf.int())
   416  
   417  	case lnsSetFile:
   418  		r.fileIndex = int(r.buf.uint())
   419  		r.updateFile()
   420  
   421  	case lnsSetColumn:
   422  		r.state.Column = int(r.buf.uint())
   423  
   424  	case lnsNegateStmt:
   425  		r.state.IsStmt = !r.state.IsStmt
   426  
   427  	case lnsSetBasicBlock:
   428  		r.state.BasicBlock = true
   429  
   430  	case lnsConstAddPC:
   431  		r.advancePC((255 - r.opcodeBase) / r.lineRange)
   432  
   433  	case lnsFixedAdvancePC:
   434  		r.state.Address += uint64(r.buf.uint16())
   435  
   436  	// DWARF3 standard opcodes [DWARF3 6.2.5.2]
   437  	case lnsSetPrologueEnd:
   438  		r.state.PrologueEnd = true
   439  
   440  	case lnsSetEpilogueBegin:
   441  		r.state.EpilogueBegin = true
   442  
   443  	case lnsSetISA:
   444  		r.state.ISA = int(r.buf.uint())
   445  
   446  	default:
   447  		// Unhandled standard opcode. Skip the number of
   448  		// arguments that the prologue says this opcode has.
   449  		for i := 0; i < r.opcodeLengths[opcode]; i++ {
   450  			r.buf.uint()
   451  		}
   452  	}
   453  	return false
   454  
   455  emit:
   456  	*entry = r.state
   457  	r.state.BasicBlock = false
   458  	r.state.PrologueEnd = false
   459  	r.state.EpilogueBegin = false
   460  	r.state.Discriminator = 0
   461  	return true
   462  }
   463  
   464  // advancePC advances "operation pointer" (the combination of Address
   465  // and OpIndex) in r.state by opAdvance steps.
   466  func (r *LineReader) advancePC(opAdvance int) {
   467  	opIndex := r.state.OpIndex + opAdvance
   468  	r.state.Address += uint64(r.minInstructionLength * (opIndex / r.maxOpsPerInstruction))
   469  	r.state.OpIndex = opIndex % r.maxOpsPerInstruction
   470  }
   471  
   472  // A LineReaderPos represents a position in a line table.
   473  type LineReaderPos struct {
   474  	// off is the current offset in the DWARF line section.
   475  	off Offset
   476  	// numFileEntries is the length of fileEntries.
   477  	numFileEntries int
   478  	// state and fileIndex are the statement machine state at
   479  	// offset off.
   480  	state     LineEntry
   481  	fileIndex int
   482  }
   483  
   484  // Tell returns the current position in the line table.
   485  func (r *LineReader) Tell() LineReaderPos {
   486  	return LineReaderPos{r.buf.off, len(r.fileEntries), r.state, r.fileIndex}
   487  }
   488  
   489  // Seek restores the line table reader to a position returned by Tell.
   490  //
   491  // The argument pos must have been returned by a call to Tell on this
   492  // line table.
   493  func (r *LineReader) Seek(pos LineReaderPos) {
   494  	r.buf.off = pos.off
   495  	r.buf.data = r.section[r.buf.off:r.endOffset]
   496  	r.fileEntries = r.fileEntries[:pos.numFileEntries]
   497  	r.state = pos.state
   498  	r.fileIndex = pos.fileIndex
   499  }
   500  
   501  // Reset repositions the line table reader at the beginning of the
   502  // line table.
   503  func (r *LineReader) Reset() {
   504  	// Reset buffer to the line number program offset.
   505  	r.buf.off = r.programOffset
   506  	r.buf.data = r.section[r.buf.off:r.endOffset]
   507  
   508  	// Reset file entries list.
   509  	r.fileEntries = r.fileEntries[:r.initialFileEntries]
   510  
   511  	// Reset line number program state.
   512  	r.resetState()
   513  }
   514  
   515  // resetState resets r.state to its default values
   516  func (r *LineReader) resetState() {
   517  	// Reset the state machine registers to the defaults given in
   518  	// [DWARF4 6.2.2].
   519  	r.state = LineEntry{
   520  		Address:       0,
   521  		OpIndex:       0,
   522  		File:          nil,
   523  		Line:          1,
   524  		Column:        0,
   525  		IsStmt:        r.defaultIsStmt,
   526  		BasicBlock:    false,
   527  		PrologueEnd:   false,
   528  		EpilogueBegin: false,
   529  		ISA:           0,
   530  		Discriminator: 0,
   531  	}
   532  	r.fileIndex = 1
   533  	r.updateFile()
   534  }
   535  
   536  // ErrUnknownPC is the error returned by LineReader.ScanPC when the
   537  // seek PC is not covered by any entry in the line table.
   538  var ErrUnknownPC = errors.New("ErrUnknownPC")
   539  
   540  // SeekPC sets *entry to the LineEntry that includes pc and positions
   541  // the reader on the next entry in the line table. If necessary, this
   542  // will seek backwards to find pc.
   543  //
   544  // If pc is not covered by any entry in this line table, SeekPC
   545  // returns ErrUnknownPC. In this case, *entry and the final seek
   546  // position are unspecified.
   547  //
   548  // Note that DWARF line tables only permit sequential, forward scans.
   549  // Hence, in the worst case, this takes time linear in the size of the
   550  // line table. If the caller wishes to do repeated fast PC lookups, it
   551  // should build an appropriate index of the line table.
   552  func (r *LineReader) SeekPC(pc uint64, entry *LineEntry) error {
   553  	if err := r.Next(entry); err != nil {
   554  		return err
   555  	}
   556  	if entry.Address > pc {
   557  		// We're too far. Start at the beginning of the table.
   558  		r.Reset()
   559  		if err := r.Next(entry); err != nil {
   560  			return err
   561  		}
   562  		if entry.Address > pc {
   563  			// The whole table starts after pc.
   564  			r.Reset()
   565  			return ErrUnknownPC
   566  		}
   567  	}
   568  
   569  	// Scan until we pass pc, then back up one.
   570  	for {
   571  		var next LineEntry
   572  		pos := r.Tell()
   573  		if err := r.Next(&next); err != nil {
   574  			if err == io.EOF {
   575  				return ErrUnknownPC
   576  			}
   577  			return err
   578  		}
   579  		if next.Address > pc {
   580  			if entry.EndSequence {
   581  				// pc is in a hole in the table.
   582  				return ErrUnknownPC
   583  			}
   584  			// entry is the desired entry. Back up the
   585  			// cursor to "next" and return success.
   586  			r.Seek(pos)
   587  			return nil
   588  		}
   589  		*entry = next
   590  	}
   591  }
   592  
   593  // pathIsAbs returns whether path is an absolute path (or "full path
   594  // name" in DWARF parlance). This is in "whatever form makes sense for
   595  // the host system", so this accepts both UNIX-style and DOS-style
   596  // absolute paths. We avoid the filepath package because we want this
   597  // to behave the same regardless of our host system and because we
   598  // don't know what system the paths came from.
   599  func pathIsAbs(path string) bool {
   600  	_, path = splitDrive(path)
   601  	return len(path) > 0 && (path[0] == '/' || path[0] == '\\')
   602  }
   603  
   604  // pathJoin joins dirname and filename. filename must be relative.
   605  // DWARF paths can be UNIX-style or DOS-style, so this handles both.
   606  func pathJoin(dirname, filename string) string {
   607  	if len(dirname) == 0 {
   608  		return filename
   609  	}
   610  	// dirname should be absolute, which means we can determine
   611  	// whether it's a DOS path reasonably reliably by looking for
   612  	// a drive letter or UNC path.
   613  	drive, dirname := splitDrive(dirname)
   614  	if drive == "" {
   615  		// UNIX-style path.
   616  		return path.Join(dirname, filename)
   617  	}
   618  	// DOS-style path.
   619  	drive2, filename := splitDrive(filename)
   620  	if drive2 != "" {
   621  		if strings.ToLower(drive) != strings.ToLower(drive2) {
   622  			// Different drives. There's not much we can
   623  			// do here, so just ignore the directory.
   624  			return drive2 + filename
   625  		}
   626  		// Drives are the same. Ignore drive on filename.
   627  	}
   628  	if !(strings.HasSuffix(dirname, "/") || strings.HasSuffix(dirname, `\`)) && dirname != "" {
   629  		dirname += `\`
   630  	}
   631  	return drive + dirname + filename
   632  }
   633  
   634  // splitDrive splits the DOS drive letter or UNC share point from
   635  // path, if any. path == drive + rest
   636  func splitDrive(path string) (drive, rest string) {
   637  	if len(path) >= 2 && path[1] == ':' {
   638  		if c := path[0]; 'a' <= c && c <= 'z' || 'A' <= c && c <= 'Z' {
   639  			return path[:2], path[2:]
   640  		}
   641  	}
   642  	if len(path) > 3 && (path[0] == '\\' || path[0] == '/') && (path[1] == '\\' || path[1] == '/') {
   643  		// Normalize the path so we can search for just \ below.
   644  		npath := strings.Replace(path, "/", `\`, -1)
   645  		// Get the host part, which must be non-empty.
   646  		slash1 := strings.IndexByte(npath[2:], '\\') + 2
   647  		if slash1 > 2 {
   648  			// Get the mount-point part, which must be non-empty.
   649  			slash2 := strings.IndexByte(npath[slash1+1:], '\\') + slash1 + 1
   650  			if slash2 > slash1 {
   651  				return path[:slash2], path[slash2:]
   652  			}
   653  		}
   654  	}
   655  	return "", path
   656  }
   657  

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