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Source file src/expvar/expvar.go

Documentation: expvar

     1  // Copyright 2009 The Go Authors. All rights reserved.
     2  // Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
     3  // license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
     4  
     5  // Package expvar provides a standardized interface to public variables, such
     6  // as operation counters in servers. It exposes these variables via HTTP at
     7  // /debug/vars in JSON format.
     8  //
     9  // Operations to set or modify these public variables are atomic.
    10  //
    11  // In addition to adding the HTTP handler, this package registers the
    12  // following variables:
    13  //
    14  //	cmdline   os.Args
    15  //	memstats  runtime.Memstats
    16  //
    17  // The package is sometimes only imported for the side effect of
    18  // registering its HTTP handler and the above variables. To use it
    19  // this way, link this package into your program:
    20  //	import _ "expvar"
    21  //
    22  package expvar
    23  
    24  import (
    25  	"bytes"
    26  	"encoding/json"
    27  	"fmt"
    28  	"log"
    29  	"math"
    30  	"net/http"
    31  	"os"
    32  	"runtime"
    33  	"sort"
    34  	"strconv"
    35  	"sync"
    36  	"sync/atomic"
    37  )
    38  
    39  // Var is an abstract type for all exported variables.
    40  type Var interface {
    41  	// String returns a valid JSON value for the variable.
    42  	// Types with String methods that do not return valid JSON
    43  	// (such as time.Time) must not be used as a Var.
    44  	String() string
    45  }
    46  
    47  // Int is a 64-bit integer variable that satisfies the Var interface.
    48  type Int struct {
    49  	i int64
    50  }
    51  
    52  func (v *Int) Value() int64 {
    53  	return atomic.LoadInt64(&v.i)
    54  }
    55  
    56  func (v *Int) String() string {
    57  	return strconv.FormatInt(atomic.LoadInt64(&v.i), 10)
    58  }
    59  
    60  func (v *Int) Add(delta int64) {
    61  	atomic.AddInt64(&v.i, delta)
    62  }
    63  
    64  func (v *Int) Set(value int64) {
    65  	atomic.StoreInt64(&v.i, value)
    66  }
    67  
    68  // Float is a 64-bit float variable that satisfies the Var interface.
    69  type Float struct {
    70  	f uint64
    71  }
    72  
    73  func (v *Float) Value() float64 {
    74  	return math.Float64frombits(atomic.LoadUint64(&v.f))
    75  }
    76  
    77  func (v *Float) String() string {
    78  	return strconv.FormatFloat(
    79  		math.Float64frombits(atomic.LoadUint64(&v.f)), 'g', -1, 64)
    80  }
    81  
    82  // Add adds delta to v.
    83  func (v *Float) Add(delta float64) {
    84  	for {
    85  		cur := atomic.LoadUint64(&v.f)
    86  		curVal := math.Float64frombits(cur)
    87  		nxtVal := curVal + delta
    88  		nxt := math.Float64bits(nxtVal)
    89  		if atomic.CompareAndSwapUint64(&v.f, cur, nxt) {
    90  			return
    91  		}
    92  	}
    93  }
    94  
    95  // Set sets v to value.
    96  func (v *Float) Set(value float64) {
    97  	atomic.StoreUint64(&v.f, math.Float64bits(value))
    98  }
    99  
   100  // Map is a string-to-Var map variable that satisfies the Var interface.
   101  type Map struct {
   102  	m      sync.Map // map[string]Var
   103  	keysMu sync.RWMutex
   104  	keys   []string // sorted
   105  }
   106  
   107  // KeyValue represents a single entry in a Map.
   108  type KeyValue struct {
   109  	Key   string
   110  	Value Var
   111  }
   112  
   113  func (v *Map) String() string {
   114  	var b bytes.Buffer
   115  	fmt.Fprintf(&b, "{")
   116  	first := true
   117  	v.Do(func(kv KeyValue) {
   118  		if !first {
   119  			fmt.Fprintf(&b, ", ")
   120  		}
   121  		fmt.Fprintf(&b, "%q: %v", kv.Key, kv.Value)
   122  		first = false
   123  	})
   124  	fmt.Fprintf(&b, "}")
   125  	return b.String()
   126  }
   127  
   128  // Init removes all keys from the map.
   129  func (v *Map) Init() *Map {
   130  	v.keysMu.Lock()
   131  	defer v.keysMu.Unlock()
   132  	v.keys = v.keys[:0]
   133  	v.m.Range(func(k, _ interface{}) bool {
   134  		v.m.Delete(k)
   135  		return true
   136  	})
   137  	return v
   138  }
   139  
   140  // updateKeys updates the sorted list of keys in v.keys.
   141  func (v *Map) addKey(key string) {
   142  	v.keysMu.Lock()
   143  	defer v.keysMu.Unlock()
   144  	v.keys = append(v.keys, key)
   145  	sort.Strings(v.keys)
   146  }
   147  
   148  func (v *Map) Get(key string) Var {
   149  	i, _ := v.m.Load(key)
   150  	av, _ := i.(Var)
   151  	return av
   152  }
   153  
   154  func (v *Map) Set(key string, av Var) {
   155  	// Before we store the value, check to see whether the key is new. Try a Load
   156  	// before LoadOrStore: LoadOrStore causes the key interface to escape even on
   157  	// the Load path.
   158  	if _, ok := v.m.Load(key); !ok {
   159  		if _, dup := v.m.LoadOrStore(key, av); !dup {
   160  			v.addKey(key)
   161  			return
   162  		}
   163  	}
   164  
   165  	v.m.Store(key, av)
   166  }
   167  
   168  // Add adds delta to the *Int value stored under the given map key.
   169  func (v *Map) Add(key string, delta int64) {
   170  	i, ok := v.m.Load(key)
   171  	if !ok {
   172  		var dup bool
   173  		i, dup = v.m.LoadOrStore(key, new(Int))
   174  		if !dup {
   175  			v.addKey(key)
   176  		}
   177  	}
   178  
   179  	// Add to Int; ignore otherwise.
   180  	if iv, ok := i.(*Int); ok {
   181  		iv.Add(delta)
   182  	}
   183  }
   184  
   185  // AddFloat adds delta to the *Float value stored under the given map key.
   186  func (v *Map) AddFloat(key string, delta float64) {
   187  	i, ok := v.m.Load(key)
   188  	if !ok {
   189  		var dup bool
   190  		i, dup = v.m.LoadOrStore(key, new(Float))
   191  		if !dup {
   192  			v.addKey(key)
   193  		}
   194  	}
   195  
   196  	// Add to Float; ignore otherwise.
   197  	if iv, ok := i.(*Float); ok {
   198  		iv.Add(delta)
   199  	}
   200  }
   201  
   202  // Do calls f for each entry in the map.
   203  // The map is locked during the iteration,
   204  // but existing entries may be concurrently updated.
   205  func (v *Map) Do(f func(KeyValue)) {
   206  	v.keysMu.RLock()
   207  	defer v.keysMu.RUnlock()
   208  	for _, k := range v.keys {
   209  		i, _ := v.m.Load(k)
   210  		f(KeyValue{k, i.(Var)})
   211  	}
   212  }
   213  
   214  // String is a string variable, and satisfies the Var interface.
   215  type String struct {
   216  	s atomic.Value // string
   217  }
   218  
   219  func (v *String) Value() string {
   220  	p, _ := v.s.Load().(string)
   221  	return p
   222  }
   223  
   224  // String implements the Val interface. To get the unquoted string
   225  // use Value.
   226  func (v *String) String() string {
   227  	s := v.Value()
   228  	b, _ := json.Marshal(s)
   229  	return string(b)
   230  }
   231  
   232  func (v *String) Set(value string) {
   233  	v.s.Store(value)
   234  }
   235  
   236  // Func implements Var by calling the function
   237  // and formatting the returned value using JSON.
   238  type Func func() interface{}
   239  
   240  func (f Func) Value() interface{} {
   241  	return f()
   242  }
   243  
   244  func (f Func) String() string {
   245  	v, _ := json.Marshal(f())
   246  	return string(v)
   247  }
   248  
   249  // All published variables.
   250  var (
   251  	vars      sync.Map // map[string]Var
   252  	varKeysMu sync.RWMutex
   253  	varKeys   []string // sorted
   254  )
   255  
   256  // Publish declares a named exported variable. This should be called from a
   257  // package's init function when it creates its Vars. If the name is already
   258  // registered then this will log.Panic.
   259  func Publish(name string, v Var) {
   260  	if _, dup := vars.LoadOrStore(name, v); dup {
   261  		log.Panicln("Reuse of exported var name:", name)
   262  	}
   263  	varKeysMu.Lock()
   264  	defer varKeysMu.Unlock()
   265  	varKeys = append(varKeys, name)
   266  	sort.Strings(varKeys)
   267  }
   268  
   269  // Get retrieves a named exported variable. It returns nil if the name has
   270  // not been registered.
   271  func Get(name string) Var {
   272  	i, _ := vars.Load(name)
   273  	v, _ := i.(Var)
   274  	return v
   275  }
   276  
   277  // Convenience functions for creating new exported variables.
   278  
   279  func NewInt(name string) *Int {
   280  	v := new(Int)
   281  	Publish(name, v)
   282  	return v
   283  }
   284  
   285  func NewFloat(name string) *Float {
   286  	v := new(Float)
   287  	Publish(name, v)
   288  	return v
   289  }
   290  
   291  func NewMap(name string) *Map {
   292  	v := new(Map).Init()
   293  	Publish(name, v)
   294  	return v
   295  }
   296  
   297  func NewString(name string) *String {
   298  	v := new(String)
   299  	Publish(name, v)
   300  	return v
   301  }
   302  
   303  // Do calls f for each exported variable.
   304  // The global variable map is locked during the iteration,
   305  // but existing entries may be concurrently updated.
   306  func Do(f func(KeyValue)) {
   307  	varKeysMu.RLock()
   308  	defer varKeysMu.RUnlock()
   309  	for _, k := range varKeys {
   310  		val, _ := vars.Load(k)
   311  		f(KeyValue{k, val.(Var)})
   312  	}
   313  }
   314  
   315  func expvarHandler(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
   316  	w.Header().Set("Content-Type", "application/json; charset=utf-8")
   317  	fmt.Fprintf(w, "{\n")
   318  	first := true
   319  	Do(func(kv KeyValue) {
   320  		if !first {
   321  			fmt.Fprintf(w, ",\n")
   322  		}
   323  		first = false
   324  		fmt.Fprintf(w, "%q: %s", kv.Key, kv.Value)
   325  	})
   326  	fmt.Fprintf(w, "\n}\n")
   327  }
   328  
   329  // Handler returns the expvar HTTP Handler.
   330  //
   331  // This is only needed to install the handler in a non-standard location.
   332  func Handler() http.Handler {
   333  	return http.HandlerFunc(expvarHandler)
   334  }
   335  
   336  func cmdline() interface{} {
   337  	return os.Args
   338  }
   339  
   340  func memstats() interface{} {
   341  	stats := new(runtime.MemStats)
   342  	runtime.ReadMemStats(stats)
   343  	return *stats
   344  }
   345  
   346  func init() {
   347  	http.HandleFunc("/debug/vars", expvarHandler)
   348  	Publish("cmdline", Func(cmdline))
   349  	Publish("memstats", Func(memstats))
   350  }
   351  

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