datum.c

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/*-------------------------------------------------------------------------
 *
 * datum.c
 *    POSTGRES Datum (abstract data type) manipulation routines.
 *
 * Portions Copyright (c) 1996-2013, PostgreSQL Global Development Group
 * Portions Copyright (c) 1994, Regents of the University of California
 *
 *
 * IDENTIFICATION
 *    src/backend/utils/adt/datum.c
 *
 *-------------------------------------------------------------------------
 */
/*
 * In the implementation of the next routines we assume the following:
 *
 * A) if a type is "byVal" then all the information is stored in the
 * Datum itself (i.e. no pointers involved!). In this case the
 * length of the type is always greater than zero and not more than
 * "sizeof(Datum)"
 *
 * B) if a type is not "byVal" and it has a fixed length (typlen > 0),
 * then the "Datum" always contains a pointer to a stream of bytes.
 * The number of significant bytes are always equal to the typlen.
 *
 * C) if a type is not "byVal" and has typlen == -1,
 * then the "Datum" always points to a "struct varlena".
 * This varlena structure has information about the actual length of this
 * particular instance of the type and about its value.
 *
 * D) if a type is not "byVal" and has typlen == -2,
 * then the "Datum" always points to a null-terminated C string.
 *
 * Note that we do not treat "toasted" datums specially; therefore what
 * will be copied or compared is the compressed data or toast reference.
 */

#include "postgres.h"

#include "utils/datum.h"


/*-------------------------------------------------------------------------
 * datumGetSize
 *
 * Find the "real" size of a datum, given the datum value,
 * whether it is a "by value", and the declared type length.
 *
 * This is essentially an out-of-line version of the att_addlength_datum()
 * macro in access/tupmacs.h.  We do a tad more error checking though.
 *-------------------------------------------------------------------------
 */
Size
datumGetSize(Datum value, bool typByVal, int typLen)
{
    Size        size;

    if (typByVal)
    {
        /* Pass-by-value types are always fixed-length */
        Assert(typLen > 0 && typLen <= sizeof(Datum));
        size = (Size) typLen;
    }
    else
    {
        if (typLen > 0)
        {
            /* Fixed-length pass-by-ref type */
            size = (Size) typLen;
        }
        else if (typLen == -1)
        {
            /* It is a varlena datatype */
            struct varlena *s = (struct varlena *) DatumGetPointer(value);

            if (!PointerIsValid(s))
                ereport(ERROR,
                        (errcode(ERRCODE_DATA_EXCEPTION),
                         errmsg("invalid Datum pointer")));

            size = (Size) VARSIZE_ANY(s);
        }
        else if (typLen == -2)
        {
            /* It is a cstring datatype */
            char       *s = (char *) DatumGetPointer(value);

            if (!PointerIsValid(s))
                ereport(ERROR,
                        (errcode(ERRCODE_DATA_EXCEPTION),
                         errmsg("invalid Datum pointer")));

            size = (Size) (strlen(s) + 1);
        }
        else
        {
            elog(ERROR, "invalid typLen: %d", typLen);
            size = 0;           /* keep compiler quiet */
        }
    }

    return size;
}

/*-------------------------------------------------------------------------
 * datumCopy
 *
 * make a copy of a datum
 *
 * If the datatype is pass-by-reference, memory is obtained with palloc().
 *-------------------------------------------------------------------------
 */
Datum
datumCopy(Datum value, bool typByVal, int typLen)
{
    Datum       res;

    if (typByVal)
        res = value;
    else
    {
        Size        realSize;
        char       *s;

        if (DatumGetPointer(value) == NULL)
            return PointerGetDatum(NULL);

        realSize = datumGetSize(value, typByVal, typLen);

        s = (char *) palloc(realSize);
        memcpy(s, DatumGetPointer(value), realSize);
        res = PointerGetDatum(s);
    }
    return res;
}

/*-------------------------------------------------------------------------
 * datumFree
 *
 * Free the space occupied by a datum CREATED BY "datumCopy"
 *
 * NOTE: DO NOT USE THIS ROUTINE with datums returned by heap_getattr() etc.
 * ONLY datums created by "datumCopy" can be freed!
 *-------------------------------------------------------------------------
 */
#ifdef NOT_USED
void
datumFree(Datum value, bool typByVal, int typLen)
{
    if (!typByVal)
    {
        Pointer     s = DatumGetPointer(value);

        pfree(s);
    }
}
#endif

/*-------------------------------------------------------------------------
 * datumIsEqual
 *
 * Return true if two datums are equal, false otherwise
 *
 * NOTE: XXX!
 * We just compare the bytes of the two values, one by one.
 * This routine will return false if there are 2 different
 * representations of the same value (something along the lines
 * of say the representation of zero in one's complement arithmetic).
 * Also, it will probably not give the answer you want if either
 * datum has been "toasted".
 *-------------------------------------------------------------------------
 */
bool
datumIsEqual(Datum value1, Datum value2, bool typByVal, int typLen)
{
    bool        res;

    if (typByVal)
    {
        /*
         * just compare the two datums. NOTE: just comparing "len" bytes will
         * not do the work, because we do not know how these bytes are aligned
         * inside the "Datum".  We assume instead that any given datatype is
         * consistent about how it fills extraneous bits in the Datum.
         */
        res = (value1 == value2);
    }
    else
    {
        Size        size1,
                    size2;
        char       *s1,
                   *s2;

        /*
         * Compare the bytes pointed by the pointers stored in the datums.
         */
        size1 = datumGetSize(value1, typByVal, typLen);
        size2 = datumGetSize(value2, typByVal, typLen);
        if (size1 != size2)
            return false;
        s1 = (char *) DatumGetPointer(value1);
        s2 = (char *) DatumGetPointer(value2);
        res = (memcmp(s1, s2, size1) == 0);
    }
    return res;
}