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chroot
Available in all GNU/Linux distributions
Usage:
chroot <dir> [command]
Runs a command or an interactive shell
with a special root directory.
Standard usage: Internet servers
Services executed in chroot jails: even when compromised,
the service cannot gain access to the rest of the system.
Usage for embedded system development:
Develop and test a new root filesystem on the development host.
Very easy to use when the host and target have the same CPU instruction set.
Used by LFS (Linux From Scratch).
Also used by Scratchbox: Qemu makes the usage of target binaries transparent.