dl_iterate_phdr(3) — Linux manual pages

Linux manual pages	Section 3

Name

dl_iterate_phdr — walk through list of shared objects

Synopsis

#define _GNU_SOURCE
#include <link.h>

`int dl_iterate_phdr(`	int `(callback)(`struct dl_phdr_info info, size_t size, void *data`)`,
	void *`data)`;

DESCRIPTION

The dl_iterate_phdr() function allows an application to inquire at run time to find out which shared objects it has loaded.

The dl_iterate_phdr() function walks through the list of an application's shared objects and calls the function callback once for each object, until either all shared objects have been processed or callback returns a nonzero value.

Each call to callback receives three arguments: info, which is a pointer to a structure containing information about the shared object; size, which is the size of the structure pointed to by info; and data, which is a copy of whatever value was passed by the calling program as the second argument (also named data) in the call to dl_iterate_phdr().

The info argument is a structure of the following type:

struct dl_phdr_info {
    ElfW(Addr)        dlpi_addr;  /* Base address of object */
    const char       *dlpi_name;  /* (Null-terminated) name of
                                     object */
    const ElfW(Phdr) *dlpi_phdr;  /* Pointer to array of
                                     ELF program headers
                                     for this object */
    ElfW(Half)        dlpi_phnum; /* # of items in dlpi_phdr */
};

(The ElfW() macro definition turns its argument into the name of an ELF data type suitable for the hardware architecture. For example, on a 32-bit platform, ElfW(Addr) yields the data type name Elf32_Addr. Further information on these types can be found in the <elf.h><link.h> header files.)

The dlpi_addr field indicates the base address of the shared object (i.e., the difference between the virtual memory address of the shared object and the offset of that object in the file from which it was loaded). The dlpi_name field is a null-terminated string giving the pathname from which the shared object was loaded.

To understand the meaning of the dlpi_phdr and dlpi_phnum fields, we need to be aware that an ELF shared object consists of a number of segments, each of which has a corresponding program header describing the segment. The dlpi_phdr field is a pointer to an array of the program headers for this shared object. The dlpi_phnum field indicates the size of this array.

These program headers are structures of the following form:

typedef struct {

Elf32_Word p_type;
/* Segment type */

Elf32_Off p_offset;
/* Segment file offset */

Elf32_Addr p_vaddr;
/* Segment virtual address */

Elf32_Addr p_paddr;
/* Segment physical address */

Elf32_Word p_filesz;
/* Segment size in file */

Elf32_Word p_memsz;
/* Segment size in memory */

Elf32_Word p_flags;
/* Segment flags */

Elf32_Word p_align;
/* Segment alignment */

} Elf32_Phdr;

Note that we can calculate the location of a particular program header, x, in virtual memory using the formula:

  addr == info−>dlpi_addr + info−>dlpi_phdr[x].p_vaddr;

RETURN VALUE

The dl_iterate_phdr() function returns whatever value was returned by the last call to callback.

VERSIONS

dl_iterate_phdr() has been supported in glibc since version 2.2.4.

CONFORMING TO

The dl_iterate_phdr() function is Linux-specific and should be avoided in portable applications.

EXAMPLE

The following program displays a list of pathnames of the shared objects it has loaded. For each shared object, the program lists the virtual addresses at which the object's ELF segments are loaded.

#define _GNU_SOURCE
#include <link.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>

static int
callback(struct dl_phdr_info *info, size_t size, void *data)
{
    int j;

    printf("name=%s (%d segments)\n", info−>dlpi_name,
        info−>dlpi_phnum);

    for (j = 0; j < info−>dlpi_phnum; j++)
         printf("\t\t header %2d: address=%10p\n", j,
             (void *) (info−>dlpi_addr + info−>dlpi_phdr[j].p_vaddr));
    return 0;
}

int
main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
    dl_iterate_phdr(callback, NULL);

    exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
}

COLOPHON

This page is part of release 3.24 of the Linux man-pages project. A description of the project, and information about reporting bugs, can be found at http://www.kernel.org/doc/man-pages/.

  Copyright (c) 2003 by Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpagesgmail.com>

Permission is granted to make and distribute verbatim copies of this
manual provided the copyright notice and this permission notice are
preserved on all copies.

Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
permission notice identical to this one

Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date.  The author(s) assume no
responsibility for errors or omissions, or for damages resulting from
the use of the information contained herein.  The author(s) may not
have taken the same level of care in the production of this manual,
which is licensed free of charge, as they might when working
professionally.

Formatted or processed versions of this manual, if unaccompanied by
the source, must acknowledge the copyright and authors of this work.
License.

typedef	struct {
	Elf32_Word	`p_type`;	/* Segment type */
	Elf32_Off	`p_offset`;	/* Segment file offset */
	Elf32_Addr	`p_vaddr`;	/* Segment virtual address */
	Elf32_Addr	`p_paddr`;	/* Segment physical address */
	Elf32_Word	`p_filesz`;	/* Segment size in file */
	Elf32_Word	`p_memsz`;	/* Segment size in memory */
	Elf32_Word	`p_flags`;	/* Segment flags */
	Elf32_Word	`p_align`;	/* Segment alignment */
} Elf32_Phdr;