Maildir format Web-mail email client
mailboxes
/-----------\ /----------\ *********** /---------\ /----------\
| | | | * Inbox * | | | |
| | ====> | Maildrop | ===> * * <======> | Courier | | Postman |
<=== | Postfix | | | =\ *********** | IMAPD | | with | /---------\
===> | MTA | \----------/ | | | IMAP | Apache | | |
SMTP | | | |====> ************ | | <---> | | <-----> | User's |
to & | (Message | filtering | * YYY * | | | | HTTP | web |
from | Transfer | rules in \=>************ * <==> | | | | or | browser |
other | Agent) | .mailfilter * XXX * *** | | IMAP | SMTP | HTTPS | |
MTAs | | <--\ *** * * <======> | | <-\ | Out | | |
\-----------/ \ ************ \---------/ \ \----------/ | |
\ \ V \---------/
\---<----------------------------------------<---------------/
SMTP outgoing mail \
\ /------------------------\
\ \-> | |
\ | IMAP capable Email |
\ | client |
\ | |
\-----------<--------- |< SMTP outgoing mail |
| |
\------------------------/
|
作者:love100 出处:chinunix.net Mail版
maildrop是一个替代邮件代理并且包含邮件过滤的语言，系统管理员用 这个maildrop即可以取代已经存在的邮件投递代理，或者用户可以用已 经存在的邮件投递代理的'forward to program'机制来取代来运行maildrop. maildrop首先从标准输入读取E-mail信息,其后面所带的回车符号将自动 被删除，一个E-mail信息包含header lines 后面跟着一个空行，然后跟 着信息的内容，信息的内容也可能在第一个header lines 之前包含mbox-style From_ line,如果信息内容没有包含From_line,那 么maildrop将自动创建一个. 如果文件/etc/maildroprc存在，邮件投递或邮件过滤将从/etc/maildro prc中读出。maildrop的投递/过滤指令可能把信息保存在一个特殊的mai lbox,或者丢弃它，或者返回给发送者，或者转发到不同的邮件地址。 如果文件/etc/maildroprc不存在，或者邮件投递或邮件过滤没有完全的 处理信息，这时maildrop将从$HOME/.mailfilter读取规则，如果.mailf ilter不存在，或者邮件投递或邮件过滤没有完全的处理信息,maildrop 将保存E-mail信息到默认的mailbox里。 maildrop知道怎样投递到一个标准的mailbox文件，也知道怎样投递到一 个maildirs,maildir格式的目录在Courier和qmail中使用，还有一些邮 件服务器也知道如何去读maildirs。当投递mailbox文件时，maildrop将 锁定mailbox,直到投递结束。 maildrop读取信息的规则为：在From_header之前致少一空行，maildrop 在读取规则时将忽略此空行,因此maildrop要求规则中至少有一个空行。 通常邮件投递模式分为三种（maildrop依赖投递模式的不同也有小小的 差异）： 1.手动模式. 一个文件包含过滤指令 例：maildrop -filename(保存过滤指信令的文 件),首先maildrop读取/etc/maildroprc文件里面的指令，然后从filena me读取过滤指令.如果filename里面没有转发，回复，删除或到一个特殊 的maildox,那么它将投递到系统用户的mailbox中. 2投递模式. maildrop如果没有指定 -filename时，maildrop将在投递模式运行，maildrop将改变当前目录到用户的的主目录，这时读取/etc/maildroprc,再读取 $HOME/.mailfilter 3 嵌入模式 主要用于Courier上，在此不做阐述. 安全 maildrop在setuid位下安装是安全的。Courier为了让maildrop在嵌入模式下使用因此它的setuid位是默认的。如果root运行maildrop 则-d这个选项会被用来指定这个信息的接受者，maildrop立马会重制用户的ID,读取$HOME/.mailfilter文件，并将信息投递到指定的用户。 系统管理员能通过配置来限制maildrop -d 这个选项是否给每个用户来使用（邮件系统用户本伸除外） maildrop的（简单）用法： -A "Header:value" 增加一个附加的头部信息。 -d user 在投递模式设置用户的ID -f address 设置变量"FROM"为一个地址 -m 在嵌入模式下运行 -M filterfile 在一个特殊的嵌入模式运行 cc dotlock flock log logfile to xfilter 都不能运行在嵌入模式下 （待续） |
安装
[root@linuxas3 maildrop-1.6.3]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/courier \ --enable-sendmail=/usr/sbin/sendmail \ --enable-maildropmysql --with-mysqlconfig=/etc/postfix/mysql_maildrop.conf \ --enable-maildirquota --with-trashquota --with-dirsync \ --enable-trusted-users='root maildrop' \ --enable-maildrop-uid=1000 \ --enable-maildrop-gid=1000 [root@linuxas3 maildrop-1.6.3]# make [root@linuxas3 maildrop-1.6.3]# make install (as root) |
配置 mysql_maildrop.conf
[root@linuxas3 maildrop-1.6.3]# cp maildropmysql.config /etc/postfix/mysql_maildrop.conf [root@linuxas3 maildrop-1.6.3]# cd /etc/postfix/ [root@linuxas3 postfix]# vi mysql_maildrop.conf hostname localhost port 3306 socket /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock database postfix dbuser postfix dbpw xxxxx dbtable postfix_users default_uidnumber 1000 default_gidnumner 1000 uid_field user uidnumber_field uid gidnumber_field gid maildir_field maildir homedirectory_field home quota_field quota mailstatus_field status where_clause "" |
Example 1. mysql_maildrop.conf
[root@linuxas3 postfix]# cat mysql_maildrop.conf # The attributes are: # # mail - The full email address of the user (ie [email protected]) # This is the primary attribute searched upon by maildrop. # # maildir - The location (full path including name) of the users # mail directory (Maildir) # # homedirectory - The location (full path including name) of the # users home directory. This may be the same as the # users maildir. # # uidnumber - The uid of the user that owns the mail files for # this user. This may be a specific uid per user, # or a single uid for every user (full 'virtual' user # configuration), or a combination. # # gidnumber - The gid of the user that owns the mail files for # this user. This may be a specific gid per user, # or a single gid for every user (full 'virtual' user # configuration), or a combination. # # quota - *OPTIONAL* The quota for this user. If blank, or # non-existent defaults to no quota. # mailstatus - account status # # A sample LDAP entry is given at the end of this file. # # --- Actual configuration begins here ----------------------------- # hostname - host name of your ldap server hostname localhost port 3306 socket /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock database postfix dbuser postfix dbpw 6AJx9Nqv9x8hg dbtable postfix_users #not used now #timeout 5 # default_uid - default uid (number only) to use incase uidnumber attribute not # found in users mysql entry default_uidnumber 1000 # default_gid - default gid (number only) to use incase gidnumber attribute not # found in users ldap entry default_gidnumber 1000 # MySQL Field definitions # # This section allows you to specify the actual attributes you # use in your Mysql record # # The example attribute mapping shown below is also the default # mapping used by maildrop in the case that any are missing # UID_FIELD - MySQL attribute which contains the users name (w or w/o domain) uid_field user # UIDNUMBER_FIELD - MySQL attribute which contains the system uid to deliver # mail as uidnumber_field uid # GIDNUMBER_FIELD - MySQL attribute which contains the system gid to deliver # mail as gidnumber_field gid # MAILDIR_FIELD - MySQL attribute which contains the path to the users # custom maildir maildir_field maildir # HOMEDIRECTORY_FIELD - MySQL attribute which contains the path to the users # home directory homedirectory_field home # QUOTA_FIELD - MySQL attribute which contains the users quota quota_field quota # MYSQL_DEFAULT_STATUS_FIELD - MySQL attribute which could be created in the # MySQL entry to set whether or not the user is allowed to receive email on # this box.. # -- looks unused for now; but must be valid column ! (2001-11-03) mailstatus_field status # MYSQL_DEFAULT_WHERE_CLAUSE - This is optional ! # It can be set to any fixed string starting with keyword 'AND'. # It will then be appended to the WHERE clause of our query. where_clause "" [root@linuxas3 postfix]# |
配置 master.cf
[root@linuxas3 postfix]# vi master.cf
maildrop unix - n n - - pipe
flags=DRhu user=vmail argv=/usr/local/bin/maildrop -d ${recipient}
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改为
maildrop unix - n n - - pipe
flags=DRhu user=postfix argv=/usr/local/courier/bin/maildrop -d ${recipient}
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