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An object-relational mapping layer allows developers to use both relational and object modeling in the development of their applications.
Relational Modeling — a powerful tool for modeling knowledge. Modern relational databases utilized with well designed relational schemas provide guaranteed data integrity, support for multiple concurrent transactions, and support for fast and flexible querying.
Object modeling — a powerful tool for modeling behavior. Object modeling is useful when coupled with object-oriented (OO) languages and design patterns. OO languages are a common choice for rapid application development and maintenance.
An object-relational mapping layer can automatically translate operations on an object model into operations on a relational model and vice versa. This is accomplished through the use of mapping metadata that relates persistent attributes and associations in the object model with tables and columns in the relational model.