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API Description
This chapter describes the basic Arithmetic and Mathematical functions.
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API Categories
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Arithmetic Functions
This chapter contains information about functions performing basic arithmetic operations, such as splitting a float into its integer and fractional parts or retrieving the imaginary part of a complex value. These functions are declared in the header files math.h and complex.h.
Normalization Functions
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Function |
Description |
| frexp, frexpf, frexpl | Converts floating-point number to fractional and integral components |
| ldexp, ldexpf, ldexpl | Multiplies a floating-point number by an integral power of 2. |
| scalb, scalbf, scalbl | Loads exponent of a radix-independent floating-point number |
| scalbln, scalblnf, scalblnl | Computes exponent using FLT_RADIX |
| scalbn, scalbnf, scalbnl | Computes exponent using FLT_RADIX |
| significand, significandf, significandl | Allows users to test conformance to -ieee754. |
Remainder Functions
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Function |
Description |
| drem, dremf, dreml | Floating-point remainder function |
| fmod, fmodf, fmodl | Floating-point remainder function |
| remainder, remainderf, remainderl | Floating-point remainder function |
Rounding Functions
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Function |
Description |
| floor, floorf, floorl | Largest integral value not greater than argument |
| llrint, llrintf, llrintl | Round to nearest integer |
| llround, llroundf, llroundl | Round to nearest integer, away from zero |
| lrint, lrintf, lrintl | Round to nearest integer |
| lround, lroundf, lroundl | Round to nearest integer, away from zero |
| modf, modff, modfl | Extracts signed integral and fractional values from floating-point number |
| nearbyint, nearbyintf, nearbyintl | Round to nearest integer |
| rint, rintf, rintl | Round to nearest integer |
| round, roundf, roundl | Round to nearest integer, away from zero |
| ceil, ceilf, ceill | Smallest integral value not less than argument |
| trunc, truncf, truncl | Round to integer, towards zero |
Setting and modifying single bits of FP values
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Function |
Description |
| copysign, copysignf, copysignl | Copy sign of a number |
| nextafter, nextafterf, nextafterl | Floating point number manipulation |
| nexttoward, nexttowardf, nexttowardl | Floating point number manipulation |
Examining the FPU status word
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Function |
Description |
| feclearexcept | C99 floating point rounding and exception handling |
| fegetexceptflag | C99 floating point rounding and exception handling |
| feraiseexcept | C99 floating point rounding and exception handling |
| fesetexceptflag | C99 floating point rounding and exception handling |
| fetestexcept | C99 floating point rounding and exception handling |
Floating-Point Control Functions
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Function |
Description |
| fegetenv | C99 floating point rounding and exception handling |
| feholdexcept | C99 floating point rounding and exception handling |
| fesetenv | C99 floating point rounding and exception handling |
| feupdateenv | C99 floating point rounding and exception handling |
Floating-Point Number Classification Functions
Rounding Modes
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Function |
Description |
| fegetround | C99 floating point rounding and exception handling |
| fesetround | C99 floating point rounding and exception handling |
Miscellaneous FP arithmetic functions
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Mathematical Functions
Absolute Value
Exponentiation and Logarithms
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Function |
Description |
| cbrt, cbrtf, cbrtl | Cube root function |
| exp, expf, expl | Base-e exponential function |
| exp2, exp2f | Base-2 exponential function |
| expm1, expm1f, expm1l | Exponential minus 1 |
| hypot, hypotf, hypotl | Euclidean distance function |
| ilogb, ilogbf, ilogbl | Returns an unbiased exponent |
| log, logf, logl | Natural logarithmic function |
| log10, log10f, log10l | Base-10 logarithmic function |
| log1p, log1pf, log1pl | Logarithm of 1 plus argument |
| logb, logbf, logbl | Radix-independent exponent |
| pow, powf, powl | Power functions |
| sqrt, sqrtf, sqrtl | Square root function |
Hyperbolic Functions
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Function |
Description |
| acosh, acoshf, acoshl | Inverse hyperbolic cosine function |
| asinh, asinhf, asinhl | Inverse hyperbolic sine function |
| atanh, atanhf, atanhl | Inverse hyperbolic tangent function |
| cosh, coshf, coshl | Hyperbolic cosine function |
| sinh, sinhf, sinhl | Hyperbolic sine function |
| tanh, tanhf, tanhl | Hyperbolic tangent function |
Inverse Trigonometric Functions
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Function |
Description |
| acos, acosf, acosl | Arc cosine function |
| asin, asinf, asinl | Arc sine function |
| atan, atanf, atanl | Arc tangent function |
| atan2, atan2f, atan2l | Arc tangent function of two variables |
Special Functions
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Function |
Description |
| erf, erff, erfl | Error function and complementary error function |
| erfc, erfcf, erfcl | Error function and complementary error function |
| gamma, gammaf, gammal | logarithm of the gamma function |
| j0, j0f, j0l | Bessel functions |
| j1, j1f, j1l | Bessel functions |
| jn, jnf, jnl | Bessel functions |
| ldexp, ldexpf, ldexpl | Multiplies floating-point number by integral power of 2 |
| lgamma, lgammaf, lgammal | Log gamma function |
| lgamma_r, lgammaf_r, lgammal_r | Log gamma function |
| tgamma | True gamma function |
| y0, y0f, y0l | Bessel functions |
| y1, y1f, y1l | Bessel functions |
| yn, ynf, ynl | Bessel functions |
Trigonometric Functions