certtool - GnuTLS certificate tool
Usage:  certtool [ -<flag> [<val>] | --<name>[{=| }<val>] ]...

   -d, --debug=num            Enable debugging
                                - it must be in the range:
                                  0 to 9999
   -V, --verbose              More verbose output
                                - may appear multiple times
       --infile=file          Input file
                                - file must pre-exist
       --outfile=str          Output file
   -s, --generate-self-signed  Generate a self-signed certificate
   -c, --generate-certificate  Generate a signed certificate
       --generate-proxy       Generates a proxy certificate
       --generate-crl         Generate a CRL
   -u, --update-certificate   Update a signed certificate
   -p, --generate-privkey     Generate a private key
   -q, --generate-request     Generate a PKCS #10 certificate request
                                - prohibits the option 'infile'
   -e, --verify-chain         Verify a PEM encoded certificate chain
       --verify               Verify a PEM encoded certificate chain using a trusted list
       --verify-crl           Verify a CRL using a trusted list
                                - requires the option 'load-ca-certificate'
       --generate-dh-params   Generate PKCS #3 encoded Diffie-Hellman parameters
       --get-dh-params        Get the included PKCS #3 encoded Diffie-Hellman parameters
       --dh-info              Print information PKCS #3 encoded Diffie-Hellman parameters
       --load-privkey=str     Loads a private key file
       --load-pubkey=str      Loads a public key file
       --load-request=str     Loads a certificate request file
       --load-certificate=str Loads a certificate file
       --load-ca-privkey=str  Loads the certificate authority's private key file
       --load-ca-certificate=str Loads the certificate authority's certificate file
       --password=str         Password to use
       --null-password        Enforce a NULL password
       --empty-password       Enforce an empty password
       --hex-numbers          Print big number in an easier format to parse
       --cprint               In certain operations it prints the information in C-friendly format
   -i, --certificate-info     Print information on the given certificate
       --certificate-pubkey   Print certificate's public key
       --pgp-certificate-info  Print information on the given OpenPGP certificate
       --pgp-ring-info        Print information on the given OpenPGP keyring structure
   -l, --crl-info             Print information on the given CRL structure
       --crq-info             Print information on the given certificate request
       --no-crq-extensions    Do not use extensions in certificate requests
       --p12-info             Print information on a PKCS #12 structure
       --p12-name=str         The PKCS #12 friendly name to use
       --p7-info              Print information on a PKCS #7 structure
       --smime-to-p7          Convert S/MIME to PKCS #7 structure
   -k, --key-info             Print information on a private key
       --pgp-key-info         Print information on an OpenPGP private key
       --pubkey-info          Print information on a public key
       --v1                   Generate an X.509 version 1 certificate (with no extensions)
   -!, --to-p12               Generate a PKCS #12 structure
                                - requires the option 'load-certificate'
   -", --to-p8                Generate a PKCS #8 structure
   -8, --pkcs8                Use PKCS #8 format for private keys
   -#, --rsa                  Generate RSA key
   -$, --dsa                  Generate DSA key
   -%, --ecc                  Generate ECC (ECDSA) key
   -&, --ecdsa                an alias for the 'ecc' option
   -', --hash=str             Hash algorithm to use for signing
   -(, --inder                Use DER format for input certificates, private keys, and DH parameters
                                - disabled as '--no-inder'
   -), --inraw                an alias for the 'inder' option
   -*, --outder               Use DER format for output certificates, private keys, and DH parameters
                                - disabled as '--no-outder'
   -+, --outraw               an alias for the 'outder' option
   -,, --bits=num             Specify the number of bits for key generate
   --, --curve=str            Specify the curve used for EC key generation
   -., --sec-param=str        Specify the security level [low, legacy, medium, high, ultra]
   -/, --disable-quick-random  No effect
   -0, --template=str         Template file to use for non-interactive operation
   -1, --stdout-info          Print information to stdout instead of stderr
   -2, --ask-pass             Enable interaction for entering password when in batch mode.
   -3, --pkcs-cipher=str      Cipher to use for PKCS #8 and #12 operations
   -4, --provider=str         Specify the PKCS #11 provider library
   -v, --version[=arg]        output version information and exit
   -h, --help                 display extended usage information and exit
   -!, --more-help            extended usage information passed thru pager

Options are specified by doubled hyphens and their name or by a single
hyphen and the flag character.

Tool to parse and generate X.509 certificates, requests and private keys.
It can be used interactively or non interactively by specifying the
template command line option.

The tool accepts files or URLs supported by GnuTLS.  In case PIN is
required for the URL access you can provide it using the environment
variables GNUTLS_PIN and GNUTLS_SO_PIN.

$ certtool --generate-privkey --outfile key.pem --rsa

certtool --generate-request --load-privkey key.pem \
   --outfile request.pem

$ ./certtool --generate-request --load-privkey "pkcs11:..." \
  --load-pubkey "pkcs11:..." --outfile request.pem

$ certtool --generate-privkey --outfile ca-key.pem
$ certtool --generate-self-signed --load-privkey ca-key.pem \
   --outfile ca-cert.pem

$ certtool --generate-certificate --load-request request.pem \
   --outfile cert.pem --load-ca-certificate ca-cert.pem \
   --load-ca-privkey ca-key.pem

$ certtool --generate-certificate --load-privkey key.pem \
   --outfile cert.pem --load-ca-certificate ca-cert.pem \
   --load-ca-privkey ca-key.pem

$ certtool --certificate-info --infile cert.pem

$ certtool --load-certificate cert.pem --load-privkey key.pem \
   --to-p12 --outder --outfile key.p12

$ certtool --load-ca-certificate ca.pem \
  --load-certificate cert.pem --load-privkey key.pem \
  --to-p12 --outder --outfile key.p12

$ certtool --generate-dh-params --outfile dh.pem --sec-param medium

$ certtool --generate-privkey > proxy-key.pem
$ certtool --generate-proxy --load-ca-privkey key.pem \
  --load-privkey proxy-key.pem --load-certificate cert.pem \
  --outfile proxy-cert.pem

$ certtool --generate-crl --load-ca-privkey x509-ca-key.pem \
           --load-ca-certificate x509-ca.pem

$ certtool --generate-crl --load-ca-privkey x509-ca-key.pem \
  --load-ca-certificate x509-ca.pem --load-certificate revoked-certs.pem

$ certtool --verify-crl --load-ca-certificate x509-ca.pem < crl.pem

$ certtool --generate-certificate --load-privkey key.pem  \
   --template cert.cfg --outfile cert.pem \
   --load-ca-certificate ca-cert.pem --load-ca-privkey ca-key.pem

# X.509 Certificate options
#
# DN options

# The organization of the subject.
organization = "Koko inc."

# The organizational unit of the subject.
unit = "sleeping dept."

# The locality of the subject.
# locality =

# The state of the certificate owner.
state = "Attiki"

# The country of the subject. Two letter code.
country = GR

# The common name of the certificate owner.
cn = "Cindy Lauper"

# A user id of the certificate owner.
#uid = "clauper"

# Set domain components
#dc = "name"
#dc = "domain"

# If the supported DN OIDs are not adequate you can set
# any OID here.
# For example set the X.520 Title and the X.520 Pseudonym
# by using OID and string pairs.
#dn_oid = 2.5.4.12 Dr. 
#dn_oid = 2.5.4.65 jackal

# This is deprecated and should not be used in new
# certificates.
# pkcs9_email = "[email protected]"

# An alternative way to set the certificate's distinguished name directly
# is with the "dn" option. The attribute names allowed are:
# C (country), street, O (organization), OU (unit), title, CN (common name),
# L (locality), ST (state), placeOfBirth, gender, countryOfCitizenship, 
# countryOfResidence, serialNumber, telephoneNumber, surName, initials, 
# generationQualifier, givenName, pseudonym, dnQualifier, postalCode, name, 
# businessCategory, DC, UID, jurisdictionOfIncorporationLocalityName, 
# jurisdictionOfIncorporationStateOrProvinceName,
# jurisdictionOfIncorporationCountryName, XmppAddr, and numeric OIDs.

#dn = "cn = Nikos,st = New\, Something,C=GR,surName=Mavrogiannopoulos,2.5.4.9=Arkadias"

# The serial number of the certificate
# Comment the field for a time-based serial number.
serial = 007

# In how many days, counting from today, this certificate will expire.
# Use -1 if there is no expiration date.
expiration_days = 700

# Alternatively you may set concrete dates and time. The GNU date string 
# formats are accepted. See:
# http://www.gnu.org/software/tar/manual/html_node/Date-input-formats.html

#activation_date = "2004-02-29 16:21:42"
#expiration_date = "2025-02-29 16:24:41"

# X.509 v3 extensions

# A dnsname in case of a WWW server.
#dns_name = "www.none.org"
#dns_name = "www.morethanone.org"

# A subject alternative name URI
#uri = "http://www.example.com"

# An IP address in case of a server.
#ip_address = "192.168.1.1"

# An email in case of a person
email = "[email protected]"

# Challenge password used in certificate requests
challenge_password = 123456

# Password when encrypting a private key
#password = secret

# An URL that has CRLs (certificate revocation lists)
# available. Needed in CA certificates.
#crl_dist_points = "http://www.getcrl.crl/getcrl/"

# Whether this is a CA certificate or not
#ca

#### Key usage

# The following key usage flags are used by CAs and end certificates

# Whether this certificate will be used to sign data (needed
# in TLS DHE ciphersuites). This is the digitalSignature flag
# in RFC5280 terminology.
signing_key

# Whether this certificate will be used to encrypt data (needed
# in TLS RSA ciphersuites). Note that it is preferred to use different
# keys for encryption and signing. This is the keyEncipherment flag
# in RFC5280 terminology.
encryption_key

# Whether this key will be used to sign other certificates. The
# keyCertSign flag in RFC5280 terminology.
#cert_signing_key

# Whether this key will be used to sign CRLs. The
# cRLSign flag in RFC5280 terminology.
#crl_signing_key

# The keyAgreement flag of RFC5280. It's purpose is loosely
# defined. Not use it unless required by a protocol.
#key_agreement

# The dataEncipherment flag of RFC5280. It's purpose is loosely
# defined. Not use it unless required by a protocol.
#data_encipherment

# The nonRepudiation flag of RFC5280. It's purpose is loosely
# defined. Not use it unless required by a protocol.
#non_repudiation

#### Extended key usage (key purposes)

# The following extensions are used in an end certificate
# to clarify its purpose. Some CAs also use it to indicate
# the types of certificates they are purposed to sign.


# Whether this certificate will be used for a TLS client;
# this sets the id-kp-serverAuth (1.3.6.1.5.5.7.3.1) of 
# extended key usage.
#tls_www_client

# Whether this certificate will be used for a TLS server;
# This sets the id-kp-clientAuth (1.3.6.1.5.5.7.3.2) of 
# extended key usage.
#tls_www_server

# Whether this key will be used to sign code. This sets the
# id-kp-codeSigning (1.3.6.1.5.5.7.3.3) of extended key usage
# extension.
#code_signing_key

# Whether this key will be used to sign OCSP data. This sets the
# id-kp-OCSPSigning (1.3.6.1.5.5.7.3.9) of extended key usage extension.
#ocsp_signing_key

# Whether this key will be used for time stamping. This sets the
# id-kp-timeStamping (1.3.6.1.5.5.7.3.8) of extended key usage extension.
#time_stamping_key

# Whether this key will be used for email protection. This sets the
# id-kp-emailProtection (1.3.6.1.5.5.7.3.4) of extended key usage extension.
#email_protection_key

# Whether this key will be used for IPsec IKE operations (1.3.6.1.5.5.7.3.17).
#ipsec_ike_key

## adding custom key purpose OIDs

# for microsoft smart card logon
# key_purpose_oid = 1.3.6.1.4.1.311.20.2.2

# for email protection
# key_purpose_oid = 1.3.6.1.5.5.7.3.4

# for any purpose (must not be used in intermediate CA certificates)
# key_purpose_oid = 2.5.29.37.0

### end of key purpose OIDs

# When generating a certificate from a certificate
# request, then honor the extensions stored in the request
# and store them in the real certificate.
#honor_crq_extensions

# Path length contraint. Sets the maximum number of
# certificates that can be used to certify this certificate.
# (i.e. the certificate chain length)
#path_len = -1
#path_len = 2

# OCSP URI
# ocsp_uri = http://my.ocsp.server/ocsp

# CA issuers URI
# ca_issuers_uri = http://my.ca.issuer

# Certificate policies
#policy1 = 1.3.6.1.4.1.5484.1.10.99.1.0
#policy1_txt = "This is a long policy to summarize"
#policy1_url = http://www.example.com/a-policy-to-read

#policy2 = 1.3.6.1.4.1.5484.1.10.99.1.1
#policy2_txt = "This is a short policy"
#policy2_url = http://www.example.com/another-policy-to-read

# Name constraints

# DNS
#nc_permit_dns = example.com
#nc_exclude_dns = test.example.com

# EMAIL
#nc_permit_email = "[email protected]"

# Exclude subdomains of example.com
#nc_exclude_email = .example.com

# Exclude all e-mail addresses of example.com
#nc_exclude_email = example.com


# Options for proxy certificates
#proxy_policy_language = 1.3.6.1.5.5.7.21.1


# Options for generating a CRL

# The number of days the next CRL update will be due.
# next CRL update will be in 43 days
#crl_next_update = 43

# this is the 5th CRL by this CA
# Comment the field for a time-based number.
#crl_number = 5