SQL Syntax Summary
ABORT
Aborts the current transaction.
ABORT [WORK | TRANSACTION]
See ABORT for more information.
ALTER AGGREGATE
Changes the definition of an aggregate function
ALTER AGGREGATE name ( type [ , ... ] ) RENAME TO new_name ALTER AGGREGATE name ( type [ , ... ] ) OWNER TO new_owner ALTER AGGREGATE name ( type [ , ... ] ) SET SCHEMA new_schema
See ALTER AGGREGATE for more information.
ALTER CONVERSION
Changes the definition of a conversion.
ALTER CONVERSION name RENAME TO newname ALTER CONVERSION name OWNER TO newowner
See ALTER CONVERSION for more information.
ALTER DATABASE
Changes the attributes of a database.
ALTER DATABASE name [ WITH CONNECTION LIMIT connlimit ] ALTER DATABASE name SET parameter { TO | = } { value | DEFAULT } ALTER DATABASE name RESET parameter ALTER DATABASE name RENAME TO newname ALTER DATABASE name OWNER TO new_owner
See ALTER DATABASE for more information.
ALTER DOMAIN
Changes the definition of a domain.
ALTER DOMAIN name { SET DEFAULT expression | DROP DEFAULT } ALTER DOMAIN name { SET | DROP } NOT NULL ALTER DOMAIN name ADD domain_constraint ALTER DOMAIN name DROP CONSTRAINT constraint_name [RESTRICT | CASCADE] ALTER DOMAIN name OWNER TO new_owner ALTER DOMAIN name SET SCHEMA new_schema
See ALTER DOMAIN for more information.
ALTER EXTERNAL TABLE
Changes the definition of an external table.
ALTER EXTERNAL TABLE name RENAME [COLUMN] column TO new_column ALTER EXTERNAL TABLE name RENAME TO new_name ALTER EXTERNAL TABLE name SET SCHEMA new_schema ALTER EXTERNAL TABLE name action [, ... ]
See ALTER EXTERNAL TABLE for more information.
ALTER FILESPACE
Changes the definition of a filespace.
ALTER FILESPACE name RENAME TO newname ALTER FILESPACE name OWNER TO newowner
See ALTER FILESPACE for more information.
ALTER FUNCTION
Changes the definition of a function.
ALTER FUNCTION name ( [ [argmode] [argname] argtype [, ...] ] ) action [, ... ] [RESTRICT] ALTER FUNCTION name ( [ [argmode] [argname] argtype [, ...] ] ) RENAME TO new_name ALTER FUNCTION name ( [ [argmode] [argname] argtype [, ...] ] ) OWNER TO new_owner ALTER FUNCTION name ( [ [argmode] [argname] argtype [, ...] ] ) SET SCHEMA new_schema
See ALTER FUNCTION for more information.
ALTER GROUP
Changes a role name or membership.
ALTER GROUP groupname ADD USER username [, ... ] ALTER GROUP groupname DROP USER username [, ... ] ALTER GROUP groupname RENAME TO newname
See ALTER GROUP for more information.
ALTER INDEX
Changes the definition of an index.
ALTER INDEX name RENAME TO new_name ALTER INDEX name SET TABLESPACE tablespace_name ALTER INDEX name SET ( FILLFACTOR = value ) ALTER INDEX name RESET ( FILLFACTOR )
See ALTER INDEX for more information.
ALTER LANGUAGE
Changes the name of a procedural language.
ALTER LANGUAGE name RENAME TO newname
See ALTER LANGUAGE for more information.
ALTER OPERATOR
Changes the definition of an operator.
ALTER OPERATOR name ( {lefttype | NONE} , {righttype | NONE} ) OWNER TO newowner
See ALTER OPERATOR for more information.
ALTER OPERATOR CLASS
Changes the definition of an operator class.
ALTER OPERATOR CLASS name USING index_method RENAME TO newname ALTER OPERATOR CLASS name USING index_method OWNER TO newowner
See ALTER OPERATOR CLASS for more information.
ALTER PROTOCOL
Changes the definition of a protocol.
ALTER PROTOCOL name RENAME TO newname ALTER PROTOCOL name OWNER TO newowner
See ALTER PROTOCOL for more information.
ALTER RESOURCE QUEUE
Changes the limits of a resource queue.
ALTER RESOURCE QUEUE name WITH ( queue_attribute=value [, ... ] )
See ALTER RESOURCE QUEUE for more information.
ALTER ROLE
Changes a database role (user or group).
ALTER ROLE name RENAME TO newname ALTER ROLE name SET config_parameter {TO | =} {value | DEFAULT} ALTER ROLE name RESET config_parameter ALTER ROLE name RESOURCE QUEUE {queue_name | NONE} ALTER ROLE name [ [WITH] option [ ... ] ]
See ALTER ROLE for more information.
ALTER SCHEMA
Changes the definition of a schema.
ALTER SCHEMA name RENAME TO newname ALTER SCHEMA name OWNER TO newowner
See ALTER SCHEMA for more information.
ALTER SEQUENCE
Changes the definition of a sequence generator.
ALTER SEQUENCE name [INCREMENT [ BY ] increment] [MINVALUE minvalue | NO MINVALUE] [MAXVALUE maxvalue | NO MAXVALUE] [RESTART [ WITH ] start] [CACHE cache] [[ NO ] CYCLE] [OWNED BY {table.column | NONE}] ALTER SEQUENCE name SET SCHEMA new_schema
See ALTER SEQUENCE for more information.
ALTER TABLE
Changes the definition of a table.
ALTER TABLE [ONLY] name RENAME [COLUMN] column TO new_column ALTER TABLE name RENAME TO new_name ALTER TABLE name SET SCHEMA new_schema ALTER TABLE [ONLY] name SET DISTRIBUTED BY (column, [ ... ] ) | DISTRIBUTED RANDOMLY | WITH (REORGANIZE=true|false) ALTER TABLE [ONLY] name action [, ... ] ALTER TABLE name [ ALTER PARTITION { partition_name | FOR (RANK(number)) | FOR (value) } partition_action [...] ] partition_action
See ALTER TABLE for more information.
ALTER TABLESPACE
Changes the definition of a tablespace.
ALTER TABLESPACE name RENAME TO newname ALTER TABLESPACE name OWNER TO newowner
See ALTER TABLESPACE for more information.
ALTER TYPE
Changes the definition of a data type.
ALTER TYPE name OWNER TO new_owner | SET SCHEMA new_schema
See ALTER TYPE for more information.
ALTER USER
Changes the definition of a database role (user).
ALTER USER name RENAME TO newname ALTER USER name SET config_parameter {TO | =} {value | DEFAULT} ALTER USER name RESET config_parameter ALTER USER name [ [WITH] option [ ... ] ]
See ALTER USER for more information.
ANALYZE
Collects statistics about a database.
ANALYZE [VERBOSE] [ROOTPARTITION [ALL] ] [table [ (column [, ...] ) ]]
See ANALYZE for more information.
BEGIN
Starts a transaction block.
BEGIN [WORK | TRANSACTION] [transaction_mode] [READ ONLY | READ WRITE]
See BEGIN for more information.
CHECKPOINT
Forces a transaction log checkpoint.
CHECKPOINT
See CHECKPOINT for more information.
CLOSE
Closes a cursor.
CLOSE cursor_name
See CLOSE for more information.
CLUSTER
Physically reorders a heap storage table on disk according to an index. Not a recommended operation in Greenplum Database.
CLUSTER indexname ON tablename CLUSTER tablename CLUSTER
See CLUSTER for more information.
COMMENT
Defines or change the comment of an object.
COMMENT ON { TABLE object_name | COLUMN table_name.column_name | AGGREGATE agg_name (agg_type [, ...]) | CAST (sourcetype AS targettype) | CONSTRAINT constraint_name ON table_name | CONVERSION object_name | DATABASE object_name | DOMAIN object_name | FILESPACE object_name | FUNCTION func_name ([[argmode] [argname] argtype [, ...]]) | INDEX object_name | LARGE OBJECT large_object_oid | OPERATOR op (leftoperand_type, rightoperand_type) | OPERATOR CLASS object_name USING index_method | [PROCEDURAL] LANGUAGE object_name | RESOURCE QUEUE object_name | ROLE object_name | RULE rule_name ON table_name | SCHEMA object_name | SEQUENCE object_name | TABLESPACE object_name | TRIGGER trigger_name ON table_name | TYPE object_name | VIEW object_name } IS 'text'
See COMMENT for more information.
COMMIT
Commits the current transaction.
COMMIT [WORK | TRANSACTION]
See COMMIT for more information.
COPY
Copies data between a file and a table.
COPY table [(column [, ...])] FROM {'file' | STDIN} [ [WITH] [OIDS] [HEADER] [DELIMITER [ AS ] 'delimiter'] [NULL [ AS ] 'null string'] [ESCAPE [ AS ] 'escape' | 'OFF'] [NEWLINE [ AS ] 'LF' | 'CR' | 'CRLF'] [CSV [QUOTE [ AS ] 'quote'] [FORCE NOT NULL column [, ...]] [FILL MISSING FIELDS] [[LOG ERRORS [INTO error_table] [KEEP] SEGMENT REJECT LIMIT count [ROWS | PERCENT] ] COPY {table [(column [, ...])] | (query)} TO {'file' | STDOUT} [ [WITH] [OIDS] [HEADER] [DELIMITER [ AS ] 'delimiter'] [NULL [ AS ] 'null string'] [ESCAPE [ AS ] 'escape' | 'OFF'] [CSV [QUOTE [ AS ] 'quote'] [FORCE QUOTE column [, ...]] ] [IGNORE EXTERNAL PARTITIONS ]
See COPY for more information.
CREATE AGGREGATE
Defines a new aggregate function.
CREATE [ORDERED] AGGREGATE name (input_data_type [ , ... ]) ( SFUNC = sfunc, STYPE = state_data_type [, PREFUNC = prefunc] [, FINALFUNC = ffunc] [, INITCOND = initial_condition] [, SORTOP = sort_operator] )
See CREATE AGGREGATE for more information.
CREATE CAST
Defines a new cast.
CREATE CAST (sourcetype AS targettype) WITH FUNCTION funcname (argtypes) [AS ASSIGNMENT | AS IMPLICIT] CREATE CAST (sourcetype AS targettype) WITHOUT FUNCTION [AS ASSIGNMENT | AS IMPLICIT]
See CREATE CAST for more information.
CREATE CONVERSION
Defines a new encoding conversion.
CREATE [DEFAULT] CONVERSION name FOR source_encoding TO dest_encoding FROM funcname
See CREATE CONVERSION for more information.
CREATE DATABASE
Creates a new database.
CREATE DATABASE name [ [WITH] [OWNER [=] dbowner] [TEMPLATE [=] template] [ENCODING [=] encoding] [TABLESPACE [=] tablespace] [CONNECTION LIMIT [=] connlimit ] ]
See CREATE DATABASE for more information.
CREATE DOMAIN
Defines a new domain.
CREATE DOMAIN name [AS] data_type [DEFAULT expression] [CONSTRAINT constraint_name | NOT NULL | NULL | CHECK (expression) [...]]
See CREATE DOMAIN for more information.
CREATE EXTERNAL TABLE
Defines a new external table.
CREATE [READABLE] EXTERNAL TABLE table_name ( column_name data_type [, ...] | LIKE other_table ) LOCATION ('file://seghost[:port]/path/file' [, ...]) | ('gpfdist://filehost[:port]/file_pattern[#transform]' | ('gpfdists://filehost[:port]/file_pattern[#transform]' [, ...]) | ('gphdfs://hdfs_host[:port]/path/file') FORMAT 'TEXT' [( [HEADER] [DELIMITER [AS] 'delimiter' | 'OFF'] [NULL [AS] 'null string'] [ESCAPE [AS] 'escape' | 'OFF'] [NEWLINE [ AS ] 'LF' | 'CR' | 'CRLF'] [FILL MISSING FIELDS] )] | 'CSV' [( [HEADER] [QUOTE [AS] 'quote'] [DELIMITER [AS] 'delimiter'] [NULL [AS] 'null string'] [FORCE NOT NULL column [, ...]] [ESCAPE [AS] 'escape'] [NEWLINE [ AS ] 'LF' | 'CR' | 'CRLF'] [FILL MISSING FIELDS] )] | 'AVRO' | 'PARQUET' | 'CUSTOM' (Formatter=<formatter specifications>) [ ENCODING 'encoding' ] [ [LOG ERRORS [INTO error_table]] SEGMENT REJECT LIMIT count [ROWS | PERCENT] ] CREATE [READABLE] EXTERNAL WEB TABLE table_name ( column_name data_type [, ...] | LIKE other_table ) LOCATION ('http://webhost[:port]/path/file' [, ...]) | EXECUTE 'command' [ON ALL | MASTER | number_of_segments | HOST ['segment_hostname'] | SEGMENT segment_id ] FORMAT 'TEXT' [( [HEADER] [DELIMITER [AS] 'delimiter' | 'OFF'] [NULL [AS] 'null string'] [ESCAPE [AS] 'escape' | 'OFF'] [NEWLINE [ AS ] 'LF' | 'CR' | 'CRLF'] [FILL MISSING FIELDS] )] | 'CSV' [( [HEADER] [QUOTE [AS] 'quote'] [DELIMITER [AS] 'delimiter'] [NULL [AS] 'null string'] [FORCE NOT NULL column [, ...]] [ESCAPE [AS] 'escape'] [NEWLINE [ AS ] 'LF' | 'CR' | 'CRLF'] [FILL MISSING FIELDS] )] | 'CUSTOM' (Formatter=<formatter specifications>) [ ENCODING 'encoding' ] [ [LOG ERRORS [INTO error_table]] SEGMENT REJECT LIMIT count [ROWS | PERCENT] ] CREATE WRITABLE EXTERNAL TABLE table_name ( column_name data_type [, ...] | LIKE other_table ) LOCATION('gpfdist://outputhost[:port]/filename[#transform]' | ('gpfdists://outputhost[:port]/file_pattern[#transform]' [, ...]) | ('gphdfs://hdfs_host[:port]/path') FORMAT 'TEXT' [( [DELIMITER [AS] 'delimiter'] [NULL [AS] 'null string'] [ESCAPE [AS] 'escape' | 'OFF'] )] | 'CSV' [([QUOTE [AS] 'quote'] [DELIMITER [AS] 'delimiter'] [NULL [AS] 'null string'] [FORCE QUOTE column [, ...]] ] [ESCAPE [AS] 'escape'] )] | 'AVRO' | 'PARQUET' | 'CUSTOM' (Formatter=<formatter specifications>) [ ENCODING 'write_encoding' ] [ DISTRIBUTED BY (column, [ ... ] ) | DISTRIBUTED RANDOMLY ] CREATE WRITABLE EXTERNAL WEB TABLE table_name ( column_name data_type [, ...] | LIKE other_table ) EXECUTE 'command' [ON ALL] FORMAT 'TEXT' [( [DELIMITER [AS] 'delimiter'] [NULL [AS] 'null string'] [ESCAPE [AS] 'escape' | 'OFF'] )] | 'CSV' [([QUOTE [AS] 'quote'] [DELIMITER [AS] 'delimiter'] [NULL [AS] 'null string'] [FORCE QUOTE column [, ...]] ] [ESCAPE [AS] 'escape'] )] | 'CUSTOM' (Formatter=<formatter specifications>) [ ENCODING 'write_encoding' ] [ DISTRIBUTED BY (column, [ ... ] ) | DISTRIBUTED RANDOMLY ]
See CREATE EXTERNAL TABLE for more information.
CREATE FUNCTION
Defines a new function.
CREATE [OR REPLACE] FUNCTION name ( [ [argmode] [argname] argtype [, ...] ] ) [ RETURNS { [ SETOF ] rettype | TABLE ([{ argname argtype | LIKE other table } [, ...]]) } ] { LANGUAGE langname | IMMUTABLE | STABLE | VOLATILE | CALLED ON NULL INPUT | RETURNS NULL ON NULL INPUT | STRICT | [EXTERNAL] SECURITY INVOKER | [EXTERNAL] SECURITY DEFINER | AS 'definition' | AS 'obj_file', 'link_symbol' } ... [ WITH ({ DESCRIBE = describe_function } [, ...] ) ]
See CREATE FUNCTION for more information.
CREATE GROUP
Defines a new database role.
CREATE GROUP name [ [WITH] option [ ... ] ]
See CREATE GROUP for more information.
CREATE INDEX
Defines a new index.
CREATE [UNIQUE] INDEX name ON table [USING btree|bitmap|gist] ( {column | (expression)} [opclass] [, ...] ) [ WITH ( FILLFACTOR = value ) ] [TABLESPACE tablespace] [WHERE predicate]
See CREATE INDEX for more information.
CREATE LANGUAGE
Defines a new procedural language.
CREATE [PROCEDURAL] LANGUAGE name CREATE [TRUSTED] [PROCEDURAL] LANGUAGE name HANDLER call_handler [VALIDATOR valfunction]
See CREATE LANGUAGE for more information.
CREATE OPERATOR
Defines a new operator.
CREATE OPERATOR name ( PROCEDURE = funcname [, LEFTARG = lefttype] [, RIGHTARG = righttype] [, COMMUTATOR = com_op] [, NEGATOR = neg_op] [, RESTRICT = res_proc] [, JOIN = join_proc] [, HASHES] [, MERGES] [, SORT1 = left_sort_op] [, SORT2 = right_sort_op] [, LTCMP = less_than_op] [, GTCMP = greater_than_op] )
See CREATE OPERATOR for more information.
CREATE OPERATOR CLASS
Defines a new operator class.
CREATE OPERATOR CLASS name [DEFAULT] FOR TYPE data_type USING index_method AS { OPERATOR strategy_number op_name [(op_type, op_type)] [RECHECK] | FUNCTION support_number funcname (argument_type [, ...] ) | STORAGE storage_type } [, ... ]
See CREATE OPERATOR CLASS for more information.
CREATE RESOURCE QUEUE
Defines a new resource queue.
CREATE RESOURCE QUEUE name WITH (queue_attribute=value [, ... ])
See CREATE RESOURCE QUEUE for more information.
CREATE ROLE
Defines a new database role (user or group).
CREATE ROLE name [[WITH] option [ ... ]]
See CREATE ROLE for more information.
CREATE RULE
Defines a new rewrite rule.
CREATE [OR REPLACE] RULE name AS ON event TO table [WHERE condition] DO [ALSO | INSTEAD] { NOTHING | command | (command; command ...) }
See CREATE RULE for more information.
CREATE SCHEMA
Defines a new schema.
CREATE SCHEMA schema_name [AUTHORIZATION username] [schema_element [ ... ]] CREATE SCHEMA AUTHORIZATION rolename [schema_element [ ... ]]
See CREATE SCHEMA for more information.
CREATE SEQUENCE
Defines a new sequence generator.
CREATE [TEMPORARY | TEMP] SEQUENCE name [INCREMENT [BY] value] [MINVALUE minvalue | NO MINVALUE] [MAXVALUE maxvalue | NO MAXVALUE] [START [ WITH ] start] [CACHE cache] [[NO] CYCLE] [OWNED BY { table.column | NONE }]
See CREATE SEQUENCE for more information.
CREATE TABLE
Defines a new table.
CREATE [[GLOBAL | LOCAL] {TEMPORARY | TEMP}] TABLE table_name ( [ { column_name data_type [ DEFAULT default_expr ] [column_constraint [ ... ] [ ENCODING ( storage_directive [,...] ) ] ] | table_constraint | LIKE other_table [{INCLUDING | EXCLUDING} {DEFAULTS | CONSTRAINTS}] ...} [, ... ] ] ) [ INHERITS ( parent_table [, ... ] ) ] [ WITH ( storage_parameter=value [, ... ] ) [ ON COMMIT {PRESERVE ROWS | DELETE ROWS | DROP} ] [ TABLESPACE tablespace ] [ DISTRIBUTED BY (column, [ ... ] ) | DISTRIBUTED RANDOMLY ] [ PARTITION BY partition_type (column) [ SUBPARTITION BY partition_type (column) ] [ SUBPARTITION TEMPLATE ( template_spec ) ] [...] ( partition_spec ) | [ SUBPARTITION BY partition_type (column) ] [...] ( partition_spec [ ( subpartition_spec [(...)] ) ] )
See CREATE TABLE for more information.
CREATE TABLE AS
Defines a new table from the results of a query.
CREATE [ [GLOBAL | LOCAL] {TEMPORARY | TEMP} ] TABLE table_name [(column_name [, ...] )] [ WITH ( storage_parameter=value [, ... ] ) ] [ON COMMIT {PRESERVE ROWS | DELETE ROWS | DROP}] [TABLESPACE tablespace] AS query [DISTRIBUTED BY (column, [ ... ] ) | DISTRIBUTED RANDOMLY]
See CREATE TABLE AS for more information.
CREATE TABLESPACE
Defines a new tablespace.
CREATE TABLESPACE tablespace_name [OWNER username] FILESPACE filespace_name
See CREATE TABLESPACE for more information.
CREATE TYPE
Defines a new data type.
CREATE TYPE name AS ( attribute_name data_type [, ... ] ) CREATE TYPE name ( INPUT = input_function, OUTPUT = output_function [, RECEIVE = receive_function] [, SEND = send_function] [, INTERNALLENGTH = {internallength | VARIABLE}] [, PASSEDBYVALUE] [, ALIGNMENT = alignment] [, STORAGE = storage] [, DEFAULT = default] [, ELEMENT = element] [, DELIMITER = delimiter] ) CREATE TYPE name
See CREATE TYPE for more information.
CREATE USER
Defines a new database role with the LOGIN privilege by default.
CREATE USER name [ [WITH] option [ ... ] ]
See CREATE USER for more information.
CREATE VIEW
Defines a new view.
CREATE [OR REPLACE] [TEMP | TEMPORARY] VIEW name [ ( column_name [, ...] ) ] AS query
See CREATE VIEW for more information.
DEALLOCATE
Deallocates a prepared statement.
DEALLOCATE [PREPARE] name
See DEALLOCATE for more information.
DECLARE
Defines a cursor.
DECLARE name [BINARY] [INSENSITIVE] [NO SCROLL] CURSOR [{WITH | WITHOUT} HOLD] FOR query [FOR READ ONLY]
See DECLARE for more information.
DELETE
Deletes rows from a table.
DELETE FROM [ONLY] table [[AS] alias] [USING usinglist] [WHERE condition | WHERE CURRENT OF cursor_name ]
See DELETE for more information.
DROP AGGREGATE
Removes an aggregate function.
DROP AGGREGATE [IF EXISTS] name ( type [, ...] ) [CASCADE | RESTRICT]
See DROP AGGREGATE for more information.
DROP CAST
Removes a cast.
DROP CAST [IF EXISTS] (sourcetype AS targettype) [CASCADE | RESTRICT]
See DROP CAST for more information.
DROP CONVERSION
Removes a conversion.
DROP CONVERSION [IF EXISTS] name [CASCADE | RESTRICT]
See DROP CONVERSION for more information.
DROP DATABASE
Removes a database.
DROP DATABASE [IF EXISTS] name
See DROP DATABASE for more information.
DROP DOMAIN
Removes a domain.
DROP DOMAIN [IF EXISTS] name [, ...] [CASCADE | RESTRICT]
See DROP DOMAIN for more information.
DROP EXTERNAL TABLE
Removes an external table definition.
DROP EXTERNAL [WEB] TABLE [IF EXISTS] name [CASCADE | RESTRICT]
See DROP EXTERNAL TABLE for more information.
DROP FILESPACE
Removes a filespace.
DROP FILESPACE [IF EXISTS] filespacename
See DROP FILESPACE for more information.
DROP FUNCTION
Removes a function.
DROP FUNCTION [IF EXISTS] name ( [ [argmode] [argname] argtype [, ...] ] ) [CASCADE | RESTRICT]
See DROP FUNCTION for more information.
DROP GROUP
Removes a database role.
DROP GROUP [IF EXISTS] name [, ...]
See DROP GROUP for more information.
DROP INDEX
Removes an index.
DROP INDEX [IF EXISTS] name [, ...] [CASCADE | RESTRICT]
See DROP INDEX for more information.
DROP LANGUAGE
Removes a procedural language.
DROP [PROCEDURAL] LANGUAGE [IF EXISTS] name [CASCADE | RESTRICT]
See DROP LANGUAGE for more information.
DROP OPERATOR
Removes an operator.
DROP OPERATOR [IF EXISTS] name ( {lefttype | NONE} , {righttype | NONE} ) [CASCADE | RESTRICT]
See DROP OPERATOR for more information.
DROP OPERATOR CLASS
Removes an operator class.
DROP OPERATOR CLASS [IF EXISTS] name USING index_method [CASCADE | RESTRICT]
See DROP OPERATOR CLASS for more information.
DROP OWNED
Removes database objects owned by a database role.
DROP OWNED BY name [, ...] [CASCADE | RESTRICT]
See DROP OWNED for more information.
DROP RESOURCE QUEUE
Removes a resource queue.
DROP RESOURCE QUEUE queue_name
See DROP RESOURCE QUEUE for more information.
DROP ROLE
Removes a database role.
DROP ROLE [IF EXISTS] name [, ...]
See DROP ROLE for more information.
DROP RULE
Removes a rewrite rule.
DROP RULE [IF EXISTS] name ON relation [CASCADE | RESTRICT]
See DROP RULE for more information.
DROP SCHEMA
Removes a schema.
DROP SCHEMA [IF EXISTS] name [, ...] [CASCADE | RESTRICT]
See DROP SCHEMA for more information.
DROP SEQUENCE
Removes a sequence.
DROP SEQUENCE [IF EXISTS] name [, ...] [CASCADE | RESTRICT]
See DROP SEQUENCE for more information.
DROP TABLE
Removes a table.
DROP TABLE [IF EXISTS] name [, ...] [CASCADE | RESTRICT]
See DROP TABLE for more information.
DROP TABLESPACE
Removes a tablespace.
DROP TABLESPACE [IF EXISTS] tablespacename
See DROP TABLESPACE for more information.
DROP TYPE
Removes a data type.
DROP TYPE [IF EXISTS] name [, ...] [CASCADE | RESTRICT]
See DROP TYPE for more information.
DROP USER
Removes a database role.
DROP USER [IF EXISTS] name [, ...]
See DROP USER for more information.
DROP VIEW
Removes a view.
DROP VIEW [IF EXISTS] name [, ...] [CASCADE | RESTRICT]
See DROP VIEW for more information.
END
Commits the current transaction.
END [WORK | TRANSACTION]
See END for more information.
EXECUTE
Executes a prepared SQL statement.
EXECUTE name [ (parameter [, ...] ) ]
See EXECUTE for more information.
EXPLAIN
Shows the query plan of a statement.
EXPLAIN [ANALYZE] [VERBOSE] statement
See EXPLAIN for more information.
FETCH
Retrieves rows from a query using a cursor.
FETCH [ forward_direction { FROM | IN } ] cursorname
See FETCH for more information.
GRANT
Defines access privileges.
GRANT { {SELECT | INSERT | UPDATE | DELETE | REFERENCES | TRIGGER | TRUNCATE } [,...] | ALL [PRIVILEGES] } ON [TABLE] tablename [, ...] TO {rolename | PUBLIC} [, ...] [WITH GRANT OPTION] GRANT { {USAGE | SELECT | UPDATE} [,...] | ALL [PRIVILEGES] } ON SEQUENCE sequencename [, ...] TO { rolename | PUBLIC } [, ...] [WITH GRANT OPTION] GRANT { {CREATE | CONNECT | TEMPORARY | TEMP} [,...] | ALL [PRIVILEGES] } ON DATABASE dbname [, ...] TO {rolename | PUBLIC} [, ...] [WITH GRANT OPTION] GRANT { EXECUTE | ALL [PRIVILEGES] } ON FUNCTION funcname ( [ [argmode] [argname] argtype [, ...] ] ) [, ...] TO {rolename | PUBLIC} [, ...] [WITH GRANT OPTION] GRANT { USAGE | ALL [PRIVILEGES] } ON LANGUAGE langname [, ...] TO {rolename | PUBLIC} [, ...] [WITH GRANT OPTION] GRANT { {CREATE | USAGE} [,...] | ALL [PRIVILEGES] } ON SCHEMA schemaname [, ...] TO {rolename | PUBLIC} [, ...] [WITH GRANT OPTION] GRANT { CREATE | ALL [PRIVILEGES] } ON TABLESPACE tablespacename [, ...] TO {rolename | PUBLIC} [, ...] [WITH GRANT OPTION] GRANT parent_role [, ...] TO member_role [, ...] [WITH ADMIN OPTION] GRANT { SELECT | INSERT | ALL [PRIVILEGES] } ON PROTOCOL protocolname TO username
See GRANT for more information.
INSERT
Creates new rows in a table.
INSERT INTO table [( column [, ...] )] {DEFAULT VALUES | VALUES ( {expression | DEFAULT} [, ...] ) [, ...] | query}
See INSERT for more information.
LOAD
Loads or reloads a shared library file.
LOAD 'filename'
See LOAD for more information.
LOCK
Locks a table.
LOCK [TABLE] name [, ...] [IN lockmode MODE] [NOWAIT]
See LOCK for more information.
MOVE
Positions a cursor.
MOVE [ forward_direction {FROM | IN} ] cursorname
See MOVE for more information.
PREPARE
Prepare a statement for execution.
PREPARE name [ (datatype [, ...] ) ] AS statement
See PREPARE for more information.
REASSIGN OWNED
Changes the ownership of database objects owned by a database role.
REASSIGN OWNED BY old_role [, ...] TO new_role
See REASSIGN OWNED for more information.
REINDEX
Rebuilds indexes.
REINDEX {INDEX | TABLE | DATABASE | SYSTEM} name
See REINDEX for more information.
RELEASE SAVEPOINT
Destroys a previously defined savepoint.
RELEASE [SAVEPOINT] savepoint_name
See RELEASE SAVEPOINT for more information.
RESET
Restores the value of a system configuration parameter to the default value.
RESET configuration_parameter RESET ALL
See RESET for more information.
REVOKE
Removes access privileges.
REVOKE [GRANT OPTION FOR] { {SELECT | INSERT | UPDATE | DELETE | REFERENCES | TRIGGER | TRUNCATE } [,...] | ALL [PRIVILEGES] } ON [TABLE] tablename [, ...] FROM {rolename | PUBLIC} [, ...] [CASCADE | RESTRICT] REVOKE [GRANT OPTION FOR] { {USAGE | SELECT | UPDATE} [,...] | ALL [PRIVILEGES] } ON SEQUENCE sequencename [, ...] FROM { rolename | PUBLIC } [, ...] [CASCADE | RESTRICT] REVOKE [GRANT OPTION FOR] { {CREATE | CONNECT | TEMPORARY | TEMP} [,...] | ALL [PRIVILEGES] } ON DATABASE dbname [, ...] FROM {rolename | PUBLIC} [, ...] [CASCADE | RESTRICT] REVOKE [GRANT OPTION FOR] {EXECUTE | ALL [PRIVILEGES]} ON FUNCTION funcname ( [[argmode] [argname] argtype [, ...]] ) [, ...] FROM {rolename | PUBLIC} [, ...] [CASCADE | RESTRICT] REVOKE [GRANT OPTION FOR] {USAGE | ALL [PRIVILEGES]} ON LANGUAGE langname [, ...] FROM {rolename | PUBLIC} [, ...] [ CASCADE | RESTRICT ] REVOKE [GRANT OPTION FOR] { {CREATE | USAGE} [,...] | ALL [PRIVILEGES] } ON SCHEMA schemaname [, ...] FROM {rolename | PUBLIC} [, ...] [CASCADE | RESTRICT] REVOKE [GRANT OPTION FOR] { CREATE | ALL [PRIVILEGES] } ON TABLESPACE tablespacename [, ...] FROM { rolename | PUBLIC } [, ...] [CASCADE | RESTRICT] REVOKE [ADMIN OPTION FOR] parent_role [, ...] FROM member_role [, ...] [CASCADE | RESTRICT]
See REVOKE for more information.
ROLLBACK
Aborts the current transaction.
ROLLBACK [WORK | TRANSACTION]
See ROLLBACK for more information.
ROLLBACK TO SAVEPOINT
Rolls back the current transaction to a savepoint.
ROLLBACK [WORK | TRANSACTION] TO [SAVEPOINT] savepoint_name
See ROLLBACK TO SAVEPOINT for more information.
SAVEPOINT
Defines a new savepoint within the current transaction.
SAVEPOINT savepoint_name
See SAVEPOINT for more information.
SELECT
Retrieves rows from a table or view.
SELECT [ALL | DISTINCT [ON (expression [, ...])]] * | expression [[AS] output_name] [, ...] [FROM from_item [, ...]] [WHERE condition] [GROUP BY grouping_element [, ...]] [HAVING condition [, ...]] [WINDOW window_name AS (window_specification)] [{UNION | INTERSECT | EXCEPT} [ALL] select] [ORDER BY expression [ASC | DESC | USING operator] [, ...]] [LIMIT {count | ALL}] [OFFSET start] [FOR {UPDATE | SHARE} [OF table_name [, ...]] [NOWAIT] [...]]
See SELECT for more information.
SELECT INTO
Defines a new table from the results of a query.
SELECT [ALL | DISTINCT [ON ( expression [, ...] )]] * | expression [AS output_name] [, ...] INTO [TEMPORARY | TEMP] [TABLE] new_table [FROM from_item [, ...]] [WHERE condition] [GROUP BY expression [, ...]] [HAVING condition [, ...]] [{UNION | INTERSECT | EXCEPT} [ALL] select] [ORDER BY expression [ASC | DESC | USING operator] [, ...]] [LIMIT {count | ALL}] [OFFSET start] [FOR {UPDATE | SHARE} [OF table_name [, ...]] [NOWAIT] [...]]
See SELECT INTO for more information.
SET
Changes the value of a Greenplum Database configuration parameter.
SET [SESSION | LOCAL] configuration_parameter {TO | =} value | 'value' | DEFAULT} SET [SESSION | LOCAL] TIME ZONE {timezone | LOCAL | DEFAULT}
See SET for more information.
SET ROLE
Sets the current role identifier of the current session.
SET [SESSION | LOCAL] ROLE rolename SET [SESSION | LOCAL] ROLE NONE RESET ROLE
See SET ROLE for more information.
SET SESSION AUTHORIZATION
Sets the session role identifier and the current role identifier of the current session.
SET [SESSION | LOCAL] SESSION AUTHORIZATION rolename SET [SESSION | LOCAL] SESSION AUTHORIZATION DEFAULT RESET SESSION AUTHORIZATION
See SET SESSION AUTHORIZATION for more information.
SET TRANSACTION
Sets the characteristics of the current transaction.
SET TRANSACTION [transaction_mode] [READ ONLY | READ WRITE] SET SESSION CHARACTERISTICS AS TRANSACTION transaction_mode [READ ONLY | READ WRITE]
See SET TRANSACTION for more information.
SHOW
Shows the value of a system configuration parameter.
SHOW configuration_parameter SHOW ALL
See SHOW for more information.
START TRANSACTION
Starts a transaction block.
START TRANSACTION [SERIALIZABLE | REPEATABLE READ | READ COMMITTED | READ UNCOMMITTED] [READ WRITE | READ ONLY]
See START TRANSACTION for more information.
TRUNCATE
Empties a table of all rows.
TRUNCATE [TABLE] name [, ...] [CASCADE | RESTRICT]
See TRUNCATE for more information.
UPDATE
Updates rows of a table.
UPDATE [ONLY] table [[AS] alias] SET {column = {expression | DEFAULT} | (column [, ...]) = ({expression | DEFAULT} [, ...])} [, ...] [FROM fromlist] [WHERE condition | WHERE CURRENT OF cursor_name ]
See UPDATE for more information.
VACUUM
Garbage-collects and optionally analyzes a database.
VACUUM [FULL] [FREEZE] [VERBOSE] [table] VACUUM [FULL] [FREEZE] [VERBOSE] ANALYZE [table [(column [, ...] )]]
See VACUUM for more information.
VALUES
Computes a set of rows.
VALUES ( expression [, ...] ) [, ...] [ORDER BY sort_expression [ASC | DESC | USING operator] [, ...]] [LIMIT {count | ALL}] [OFFSET start]
See VALUES for more information.