Table of Contents
This chapter assume that you have installed GRUB on a normal linux machine. I am using the latest 0.93 version. You can download it from here and install it following the instructions in the INSTALL FILE (Basically type ./configure;make;make install and you are done).
Be careful with the commands described below since they can easily wipe out the wrong disk if you are not careful. This chapter is definitively not for the newbie!
What follows describe the installation of GRUB and Bering on a CompactFlash (CF) disk that is being used to boot Bering from an openbrick machine.
Comments on this section should be addressed to its maintainer:
Jacques Nilo <jnilo at users.sourceforge.net>.
To do that use the fdisk utility. I do it from a linux box which
access the CF through a cheap 6-in-1 USB card reader. In this
environnement, the CF is recognized as /dev/sda.
debian:~# fdisk /dev/sda Command (m for help): n Command action e extended p primary partition (1-4) p Partition number (1-4): 1 First cylinder (1-1015, default 1): Using default value 1 Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (1-1015, default 1015): Using default value 1015 Command (m for help): p Disk /dev/sda: 2 heads, 62 sectors, 1015 cylinders Units = cylinders of 124 * 512 bytes Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 1 1015 62899 83 Linux Command (m for help): t Partition number (1-4): 1 Hex code (type L to list codes): L 0 Empty 1c Hidden Win95 FA 65 Novell Netware bb Boot Wizard hid 1 FAT12 1e Hidden Win95 FA 70 DiskSecure Mult c1 DRDOS/sec (FAT- 2 XENIX root 24 NEC DOS 75 PC/IX c4 DRDOS/sec (FAT- 3 XENIX usr 39 Plan 9 80 Old Minix c6 DRDOS/sec (FAT- 4 FAT16 <32M 3c PartitionMagic 81 Minix / old Lin c7 Syrinx 5 Extended 40 Venix 80286 82 Linux swap da Non-FS data 6 FAT16 41 PPC PReP Boot 83 Linux db CP/M / CTOS / . 7 HPFS/NTFS 42 SFS 84 OS/2 hidden C: de Dell Utility 8 AIX 4d QNX4.x 85 Linux extended df BootIt 9 AIX bootable 4e QNX4.x 2nd part 86 NTFS volume set e1 DOS access a OS/2 Boot Manag 4f QNX4.x 3rd part 87 NTFS volume set e3 DOS R/O b Win95 FAT32 50 OnTrack DM 8e Linux LVM e4 SpeedStor c Win95 FAT32 (LB 51 OnTrack DM6 Aux 93 Amoeba eb BeOS fs e Win95 FAT16 (LB 52 CP/M 94 Amoeba BBT ee EFI GPT f Win95 Ext'd (LB 53 OnTrack DM6 Aux 9f BSD/OS ef EFI (FAT-12/16/ 10 OPUS 54 OnTrackDM6 a0 IBM Thinkpad hi f0 Linux/PA-RISC b 11 Hidden FAT12 55 EZ-Drive a5 FreeBSD f1 SpeedStor 12 Compaq diagnost 56 Golden Bow a6 OpenBSD f4 SpeedStor 14 Hidden FAT16 <3 5c Priam Edisk a7 NeXTSTEP f2 DOS secondary 16 Hidden FAT16 61 SpeedStor a9 NetBSD fd Linux raid auto 17 Hidden HPFS/NTF 63 GNU HURD or Sys b7 BSDI fs fe LANstep 18 AST SmartSleep 64 Novell Netware b8 BSDI swap ff BBT 1b Hidden Win95 FA Hex code (type L to list codes): 1 Changed system type of partition 1 to 1 (FAT12) Command (m for help): p Disk /dev/sda: 2 heads, 62 sectors, 1015 cylinders Units = cylinders of 124 * 512 bytes Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 1 1015 62899 1 FAT12 Command (m for help): a Partition number (1-4): 1 Command (m for help): p Disk /dev/sda: 2 heads, 62 sectors, 1015 cylinders Units = cylinders of 124 * 512 bytes Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 * 1 1015 62899 1 FAT12 Command (m for help): w The partition table has been altered! Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table. WARNING: If you have created or modified any DOS 6.x partitions, please see the fdisk manual page for additional information. Syncing disks. debian:~#
You could of course create several partitions (up to 4) on this disk if you want to store different versions of Bering in each of those.
As root, use the mkdosfs utility of your host machine to format the partition(s) you have just created:
debian:~# mkdosfs /dev/sda1 mkdosfs 2.8 (28 Feb 2001)
I assume that you have installed GRUB on your host machine. Then do the following:
debian:~# mount -t msdos /dev/sda1 /mnt debian:~# cd /mnt debian:/mnt# mkdir boot debian:/mnt# cd boot/ debian:/mnt/boot# mkdir grub debian:/mnt/boot# cd grub/ debian:/mnt/boot/grub# cp /home/leaf/grub-0.93/stage1/stage1 . debian:/mnt/boot/grub# cp /home/leaf/grub-0.93/stage2/stage2 . debian:/mnt/boot/grub# cp /root/bering-grub-ext2/boot/grub/menu.lst . debian:/mnt/boot/grub# ls -la total 112 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 2048 Mar 10 23:08 . drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 2048 Mar 10 23:00 .. -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 490 Mar 10 23:01 menu.lst -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 512 Mar 10 23:01 stage1 -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 106160 Mar 10 23:01 stage2
Edit the menu.lst file so that it will look like:
debian:/mnt/boot/grub# cat menu.lst #Useful extras: #serial --speed=9600 #terminal --timeout=2 serial console #password --md5 $1TH$8O$%w0$d&^20R4ff&^*a2K/oUm. root (hd0,0) timeout 5 default 0 # For booting Linux title LEAF Bering Version 1.1 kernel /linux init=/linuxrc rw root=/dev/ram0 boot=/dev/hda1:msdos \ PKGPATH=/dev/hda1 initrd=initrd.lrp \ LRP=root,etc,log,local,modules,keyboard,iptables,shorwall,dnscache,ulogd,weblet # yes, you need the initrd.lrp line twice, once above, and once here initrd /initrd.lrp
Your CF is declared as hda1, because it will boot as hda1 on your Bering box.
Then umount your CF:
debian:/mnt# cd / debian:/# umount /mnt
Once again I will use the grub program installed on the host machine:
debian:/# grub
Probing devices to guess BIOS drives. This may take a long time.
GRUB version 0.93 (640K lower / 3072K upper memory)
[ Minimal BASH-like line editing is supported. For the first word, TAB
lists possible command completions. Anywhere else TAB lists the possible
completions of a device/filename. ]
grub> root (hd
Possible disks are: hd0 hd1 hd2
grub> root (hd2,0)
Filesystem type is fat, partition type 0x1
grub> setup (hd2)
Checking if "/boot/grub/stage1" exists... yes
Checking if "/boot/grub/stage2" exists... yes
Checking if "/boot/grub/fat_stage1_5" exists... no
Running "install /boot/grub/stage1 (hd2) /boot/grub/stage2 p /boot/grub/menu.lst "... succeeded
Done.
grub>quit
What you have to type is what appears in front of the grub>
prompt above. In the first entry "root (hd" you can type on the
TAB key at the end to see the devices that are recognized. Here my
/dev/sda device shows up as hd2. This is confirmed by
the fact that once I have fully declared the disk, the msdos partition is
recognized. Then issue the setup command and you are done. Your CF should
now be able to boot from GRUB. At this stage look in the GRUB manual to
refine your menu, add new options,.. I leave that to you :-)