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México

Introducción

La localización mexicana es un grupo de 3 módulos:

  1. l10n_mx: Todos los datos básicos para administrar la contabilidad, los impuestos y el catálogo de cuentas. El catálogo de cuentas instalado es una copia prevista de la lista de códigos de grupo ofrecidos por el SAT.

  2. l10n_mx_edi: Todo sobre las transacciones electrónicas, CFDI 3.2 y 3.3, complemento de pago, adición de factura.

  3. l10n_mx_reports: todos los informes obligatorios para la contabilidad electrónica están aquí (se requiere aplicación de contabilidad).

Con la localización mexicana en Odoo no solo podrás cumplir con las características requeridas por ley en México, sino también utilizarlo como tu sistema de contabilidad y facturación debido a todos los requisitos normales para este mercado, convirtiendo a Odoo la solución perfecta para administrar su empresa en México.

Configuración

1. Install the Mexican Accounting Localization

Para esto, ve a aplicaciones y busca México. Posteriormente, haz clic en Instalar.

2. Electronic Invoices (CDFI 3.2 and 3.3 format)

Para habilitar este requisito en México, ve a configuración en contabilidad en:menuselection:[UNKNOWN NODE title_reference] y habilita la opción en la imagen, con esto podrás generar la factura firmada (CFDI 3.2 y 3.3) y generar también el complemento de pago firmado (3.3 solamente) todo se integra completamente con el flujo de facturación normal en Odoo.

4. Set the proper "Fiscal Position" on the partner that represent the company

Vaya a la carta de la información general de la compañía, y configure la Posición Fiscal correcta. (para el ** Entorno de prueba ** debe seleccionar * 601 - General de Ley Personas Morales [UNKNOWN NODE problematic], simplemente búsquelo como un campo en la barra de búsqueda de Odoo si no encuentra la opción).

5. Enabling CFDI Version 3.3

Habilite el modo desarrollador:

Go and look the following technical parameter, on Settings ‣ Technical ‣ Parameters ‣ System Parameters and set the parameter called l10n_mx_edi_cfdi_version to 3.3 (Create it if the entry with this name does not exist).

Important considerations when yo enable the CFDI 3.3

Your tax which represent the VAT 16% and 0% must have the "Factor Type" field set to "Tasa".

You must go to the Fiscal Position configuration and set the proper code (it is the first 3 numbers in the name) for example for the test one you should set 601, it will look like the image.

All products must have for CFDI 3.3 the "SAT code" and the field "Reference" properly set, you can export them and re import them to do it faster.

6. Configure the PAC in order to sign properly the invoices

To configure the EDI with the PACs, you can go in Accounting ‣ Settings ‣ Electronic Invoicing (MX). You can choose a PAC within the List of supported PACs on the PAC field and then enter your PAC username and PAC password.

7. Configure the tag in sales taxes

This tag is used to set the tax type code, transferred or withhold, applicable to the concept in the CFDI. So, if the tax is a sale tax the "Tag" field should be "IVA", "ISR" or "IEPS".

Note that the default taxes already has a tag assigned, but when you create a new tax you should choose a tag.

Usage and testing

Facturación

To use the mexican invoicing you just need to do a normal invoice following the normal Odoo's behaviour.

Once you validate your first invoice a correctly signed invoice should look like this:

You can generate the PDF just clicking on the Print button on the invoice or sending it by email following the normal process on odoo to send your invoice by email.

Once you send the electronic invoice by email this is the way it should looks like.

Cancelling invoices

The cancellation process is completely linked to the normal cancellation in Odoo.

If the invoice is not paid.

  • Go to to the customer invoice journal where the invoice belong to
  • Check the "Allow cancelling entries" field
  • Go back to your invoice and click on the button "Cancel Invoice"
  • For security reasons it is recommendable return the check on the to allow cancelling to false again, then go to the journal and un check such field.

Legal considerations

  • A cancelled invoice will automatically cancelled on the SAT.
  • If you retry to use the same invoice after cancelled, you will have as much cancelled CFDI as you tried, then all those xml are important to maintain a good control of the cancellation reasons.
  • You must unlink all related payment done to an invoice on odoo before cancel such document, this payments must be cancelled to following the same approach but setting the "Allow Cancel Entries" in the payment itself.

Payments (Just available for CFDI 3.3)

To generate the payment complement you just must to follow the normal payment process in Odoo, this considerations to understand the behavior are important.

  1. All payment done in the same day of the invoice will be considered as It will not be signed, because It is the expected behavior legally required for "Cash payment".
  2. To test a regular signed payment just create an invoice for the day before today and then pay it today.
  3. You must print the payment in order to retrieve the PDF properly.
  4. Regarding the "Payments in Advance" you must create a proper invoice with the payment in advance itself as a product line setting the proper SAT code following the procedure on the official documentation given by the SAT in the section Apéndice 2 Procedimiento para la emisión de los CFDI en el caso de anticipos recibidos.
  5. Related to topic 4 it is blocked the possibility to create a Customer Payment without a proper invoice.

Contabilidad

The accounting for Mexico in odoo is composed by 3 reports:

  1. Chart of Account (Called and shown as COA).
  2. Electronic Trial Balance.
  3. DIOT report.

1 and 2 are considered as the electronic accounting, and the DIOT is a report only available on the context of the accounting.

You can find all those reports in the original report menu on Accounting app.

Electronic Accounting (Requires Accounting App)

Electronic Chart of account CoA

The electronic accounting never has been easier, just go to Accounting ‣ Reporting ‣ Mexico ‣ COA and click on the button Export for SAT (XML)

How to add new accounts?

If you add an account with the coding convention NNN.YY.ZZ where NNN.YY is a SAT coding group then your account will be automatically configured.

Example to add an Account for a new Bank account go to Accounting ‣ Settings ‣ Chart of Account and then create a new account on the button "Create" and try to create an account with the number 102.01.99 once you change to set the name you will see a tag automatically set, the tags set are the one picked to be used in the COA on xml.

What is the meaning of the tag?

To know all possible tags you can read the Anexo 24 in the SAT website on the section called Código agrupador de cuentas del SAT.

Electronic Trial Balance

Exactly as the COA but with Initial balance debit and credit, once you have your coa properly set you can go to Accounting ‣ Reports ‣ Mexico ‣ Trial Balance this is automatically generated, and can be exported to XML using the button in the top Export for SAT (XML) with the previous selection of the period you want to export.

All the normal auditory and analysis features are available here also as any regular Odoo Report.

DIOT Report (Requires Accounting App)

What is the DIOT and the importance of presenting it SAT

When it comes to procedures with the SAT Administration Service we know that we should not neglect what we present. So that things should not happen in Odoo.

The DIOT is the Informational Statement of Operations with Third Parties (DIOT), which is an an additional obligation with the VAT, where we must give the status of our operations to third parties, or what is considered the same, with our providers.

This applies both to individuals and to the moral as well, so if we have VAT for submitting to the SAT and also dealing with suppliers it is necessary to. submit the DIOT:

When to file the DIOT and in what format?

It is simple to present the DIOT, since like all format this you can obtain it in the page of the SAT, it is the electronic format A-29 that you can find in the SAT website.

Every month if you have operations with third parties it is necessary to present the DIOT, just as we do with VAT, so that if in January we have deals with suppliers, by February we must present the information pertinent to said data.

Where the DIOT is presented?

You can present DIOT in different ways, it is up to you which one you will choose and which will be more comfortable for you than you will present every month or every time you have dealings with suppliers.

The A-29 format is electronic so you can present it on the SAT page, but this after having made up to 500 records.

Once these 500 records are entered in the SAT, you must present them to the Local Taxpayer Services Administration (ALSC) with correspondence to your tax address, these records can be presented in a digital storage medium such as a CD or USB, which once validated you will be returned, so do not doubt that you will still have these records and of course, your CD or USB.

One more fact to know: the Batch load?

When reviewing the official SAT documents on DIOT, you will find the Batch load, and of course the first thing we think is what is that ?, and according to the SAT site is:

The "batch upload" is the conversion of records databases of transactions with suppliers made by taxpayers in text files (.txt). These files have the necessary structure for their application and importation into the system of the Informative Declaration of Operations with third parties, avoiding the direct capture and consequently, optimizing the time invested in its integration for the presentation in time and form to the SAT.

You can use it to present the DIOT, since it is allowed, which will make this operation easier for you, so that it does not exist to avoid being in line with the SAT in regard to the Information Statement of Operations with Third Parties.

You can find the official information here.

How Generate this report in odoo?

  • Go to Accounting ‣ Reports ‣ Mexico ‣ Transactions with third partied (DIOT).
  • A report view is shown, select last month to report the immediate before month you are or left the current month if it suits to you.
  • Click on "Export (TXT).
  • Save in a secure place the downloaded file and go to SAT website and follow the necessary steps to declare it.

Important considerations on your Supplier and Invice data for the DIOT

  • All suppliers must have set the fields on the accounting tab called "DIOT Information", the L10N Mx Nationality field is filled with just select the proper country in the address, you do not need to do anything else there, but the L10N Mx Type Of Operation must be filled by you in all your suppliers.
  • There are 3 options of VAT for this report, 16%, 0% and exempt, an invoice line in odoo is considered exempt if no tax on it, the other 2 taxes are properly configured already.
  • Remember to pay an invoice which represent a payment in advance you must ask for the invoice first and then pay it and reconcile properly the payment following standard odoo procedure.
  • You do not need all you data on partners filled to try to generate the supplier invoice, you can fix this information when you generate the report itself.
  • Remember this report only shows the Supplier Invoices that were actually paid.

If some of this considerations are not taken into account a message like this will appear when generate the DIOT on TXT with all the partners you need to check on this particular report, this is the reason we recommend use this report not just to export your legal obligation but to generate it before the end of the month and use it as your auditory process to see all your partners are correctly set.

Contact Module (Free)

If you want to administer properly your customers, suppliers and addresses this module even if it is not a technical need, it is highly recommended to install.

Multi currency (Requires Accounting App)

In Mexico almost all companies send and receive payments in different currencies if you want to manage such capability you should enable the multi currency feature and you should enable the synchronization with Banxico, such feature allow you retrieve the proper exchange rate automatically retrieved from SAT and not being worried of put such information daily in the system manually.

Go to settings and enable the multi currency feature.

Enabling Explicit errors on the CFDI using the XSD local validator (CFDI 3.3)

Frequently you want receive explicit errors from the fields incorrectly set on the xml, those errors are better informed to the user if the check is enable, to enable the Check with xsd feature follow the next steps (with debug mode enabled).

  • Go to Settings ‣ Technical ‣ Actions ‣ Server Actions
  • Look for the Action called "Download XSD files to CFDI"
  • Click on button "Create Contextual Action"
  • Go to the company form Settings ‣ UsersCompanies ‣ Companies
  • Open any company you have.
  • Click on "Action" and then on "Download XSD file to CFDI".

Now you can make an invoice with any error (for example a product without code which is pretty common) and an explicit error will be shown instead a generic one with no explanation.

FAQ

  • Error message (Only applicable on CFDI 3.3):

:9:0:ERROR:SCHEMASV:SCHEMAV_CVC_MINLENGTH_VALID: Element '{http://www.sat.gob.mx/cfd/3}Concepto', attribute 'NoIdentificacion': [facet 'minLength'] The value '' has a length of '0'; this underruns the allowed minimum length of '1'.

:9:0:ERROR:SCHEMASV:SCHEMAV_CVC_PATTERN_VALID: Element '{http://www.sat.gob.mx/cfd/3}Concepto', attribute 'NoIdentificacion': [facet 'pattern'] The value '' is not accepted by the pattern '[^|]{1,100}'.

  • Error message:

:6:0:ERROR:SCHEMASV:SCHEMAV_CVC_COMPLEX_TYPE_4: Element '{http://www.sat.gob.mx/cfd/3}RegimenFiscal': The attribute 'Regimen' is required but missing.

:5:0:ERROR:SCHEMASV:SCHEMAV_CVC_COMPLEX_TYPE_4: Element '{http://www.sat.gob.mx/cfd/3}Emisor': The attribute 'RegimenFiscal' is required but missing.

  • Error message:

:2:0:ERROR:SCHEMASV:SCHEMAV_CVC_ENUMERATION_VALID: Element '{http://www.sat.gob.mx/cfd/3}Comprobante', attribute 'FormaPago': [facet 'enumeration'] The value '' is not an element of the set {'01', '02', '03', '04', '05', '06', '08', '12', '13', '14', '15', '17', '23', '24', '25', '26', '27', '28', '29', '30', '99'}

  • Error message:

:2:0:ERROR:SCHEMASV:SCHEMAV_CVC_ENUMERATION_VALID: Element '{http://www.sat.gob.mx/cfd/3}Comprobante', attribute 'LugarExpedicion': [facet 'enumeration'] The value '' is not an element of the set {'00 :2:0:ERROR:SCHEMASV:SCHEMAV_CVC_DATATYPE_VALID_1_2_1: Element '{http://www.sat.gob.mx/cfd/3}Comprobante', attribute 'LugarExpedicion': '' is not a valid value of the atomic type '{http://www.sat.gob.mx/sitio_internet/cfd/catalogos}c_CodigoPostal'. :5:0:ERROR:SCHEMASV:SCHEMAV_CVC_COMPLEX_TYPE_4: Element '{http://www.sat.gob.mx/cfd/3}Emisor': The attribute 'Rfc' is required but missing.

  • Error message:

:2:0:ERROR:SCHEMASV:SCHEMAV_CVC_DATATYPE_VALID_1_2_1: Element '{http://www.sat.gob.mx/cfd/3}Comprobante', attribute 'LugarExpedicion': '' is not a valid value of the atomic type '{http://www.sat.gob.mx/sitio_internet/cfd/catalogos}c_CodigoPostal'.

  • Error message:

:18:0:ERROR:SCHEMASV:SCHEMAV_CVC_COMPLEX_TYPE_4: Element '{http://www.sat.gob.mx/cfd/3}Traslado': The attribute 'TipoFactor' is required but missing. :34:0:ERROR:SCHEMASV:SCHEMAV_CVC_COMPLEX_TYPE_4: Element '{http://www.sat.gob.mx/cfd/3}Traslado': The attribute 'TipoFactor' is required but missing.", '')