The following procedures explain how to manage software packages by using package commands.
How to Add Software Packages (pkgadd)
Become superuser or assume an equivalent role.
Roles contain authorizations and privileged commands. For more information about roles, see Configuring RBAC (Task Map) in System Administration Guide: Security Services .
Remove any already installed packages with the same names as the packages you are adding.
This step ensures that the system keeps a proper record of software that has been added and removed. Sometimes, you might want to maintain multiple versions of the same application on the system. For strategies on maintaining multiple software copies, see Guidelines for Removing Packages (pkgrm). For task information, see How to Remove Software Packages (pkgrm).
Add a software package to the system.
#pkgadd -aadmin-file-ddevice-namepkgid...
a admin-file
(Optional) Specifies an administration file that the pkgadd command should check during the installation. For details about using an administration file, see Using an Administration File.
d device-name
Specifies the absolute path to the software packages. device-name can be the path to a device, a directory, or a spool directory.
If you do not specify the path where the package resides, the pkgadd command
checks the default spool directory (/var/spool/pkg). If the package
is not there, the package installation fails.
pkgid
(Optional) Is the name of one or more packages, separated by spaces, to be installed. If omitted, the pkgadd command installs all available packages from the specified device, directory, or spool directory.
If the pkgadd command encounters a problem during installation of the package, it displays a message related to the problem, followed by this prompt:
Do you want to continue with this installation?
Respond with yes, no, or quit. If more than one package has been specified, type no to
stop the installation of the package being installed. The pkgadd command
continues to install the other packages. Type quit to stop the
installation.
Verify that the package has been installed successfully.
#pkgchk -vpkgid
If no errors occur, a list of installed files is returned. Otherwise, the pkgchk command reports the error.
Example 20.5. Adding Software Packages From a Mounted CD
The following example shows how install the SUNWpl5u package
from a mounted Solaris 10 CD. The example also shows how to verify that the package
files were installed properly.
#pkgadd -d /cdrom/cdrom0/s0/Solaris_10/Product SUNWpl5u. . . Installation of <SUNWpl5u> was successful. #pkgchk -v SUNWpl5u/usr /usr/bin /usr/bin/perl /usr/perl5 /usr/perl5/5.8.4 . . .
Example 20.6. Installing Software Packages From a Remote Package Server
If the packages you want to install are available from a remote system, you can manually mount the directory that contains the packages (in package format) and install packages on the local system.
The following example shows
how to install software packages from a remote system. In this example, assume that
the remote system named package-server has software packages
in the /latest-packages directory. The mount command
mounts the packages locally on /mnt. The pkgadd command
installs the SUNWpl5u package.
#mount -F nfs -o ro package-server:/latest-packages /mnt#pkgadd -d /mnt SUNWpl5u. . . Installation of <SUNWpl5u> was successful.
If the automounter is running at your site, you do not need to mount the remote
package server manually. Instead, use the automounter path, in this case, /net/package-server/latest-packages, as the argument to the -d option.
# pkgadd -d /net/package-server/latest-packages SUNWpl5u
.
.
.
Installation of <SUNWpl5u> was successful.
Example 20.7. Installing Software Packages From a Remote Package Server by Specifying an Administration File
This example is similar to the previous example,
except that it uses the
a option and specifies an administration
file named noask-pkgadd, which is illustrated in Avoiding User Interaction When Adding Packages (pkgadd). In this example,
assume that the noask-pkgadd administration file is in the default
location, /var/sadm/install/admin.
# pkgadd -a noask-pkgadd -d /net/package-server/latest-packages SUNWpl5u
.
.
.
Installation of <SUNWpl5u> was successful.
Example 20.8. Installing Software Packages From an HTTP URL
The
following example shows how to install a package using an HTTP URL
as the device name. The URL must point to a stream-formatted package.
# pkgadd -d http://install/xf86-4.3.0-video.pkg
## Downloading...
..............25%..............50%..............75%..............100%
## Download Complete
The following packages are available:
1 SUNWxf86r XFree86 Driver Porting Kit (Root)
(i386) 4.3.0,REV=0.2003.02.28
2 SUNWxf86u XFree86 Driver Porting Kit (User)
(i386) 4.3.0,REV=0.2003.02.28
.
.
.
For convenience, you can copy frequently
installed packages to a spool directory. If you copy packages to the default spool
directory, /var/spool/pkg, you do not need to specify the source
location of the package (
d device-name argument)
when you use the pkgadd command. The pkgadd command,
by default, checks the /var/spool/pkg directory for any packages
that are specified on the command line. Note that copying packages to a spool directory
is not the same as installing the packages on a system.
How to Add Software Packages to a Spool Directory (pkgadd)
Become superuser or assume an equivalent role.
Roles contain authorizations and privileged commands. For more information about roles, see Configuring RBAC (Task Map) in System Administration Guide: Security Services .
Remove any already spooled packages with the same names as the packages you are adding.
For information on removing spooled packages, see Example 20–20.
Add a software package to a spool directory.
#pkgadd -ddevice-name-sspooldirpkgid...
d device-name
Specifies the absolute path to the software packages. device-name can be the path to a device, a directory, or a spool directory.
s spooldir
Specifies the name of the spool directory where the package will be
spooled. You must specify a spooldir.
pkgid
(Optional) Is the name of one or more packages, separated by spaces, to be added to the spool directory. If omitted, the pkgadd command copies all available packages.
Verify that the package has been copied successfully to the spool directory.
$pkginfo -dspooldir| greppkgid
If pkgid was copied correctly, the pkginfo command returns a line of information about the pkgid.
Otherwise, the pkginfo command returns the system prompt.
Example 20.9. Setting Up a Spool Directory From a Mounted CD
The following example shows how to transfer the SUNWman package
from a mounted SPARC based Solaris 10 CD to the default spool directory (/var/spool/pkg).
# pkgadd -d /cdrom/cdrom0/s0/Solaris_10/Product -s /var/spool/pkg SUNWman
Transferring <SUNWman> package instance
Example 20.10. Setting Up a Spool Directory From a Remote Software Package Server
If packages you want to copy are available from a remote system, you can manually mount the directory that contains the packages, in package format, and copy them to a local spool directory.
The following example shows
the commands for this scenario. In this example, assume that the remote system named package-server has software packages in the /latest-packages directory.
The mount command mounts the package directory locally on /mnt. The pkgadd command copies the SUNWpl5p package from /mnt to the default spool directory (/var/spool/pkg).
#mount -F nfs -o ro package-server:/latest-packages /mnt#pkgadd -d /mnt -s /var/spool/pkg SUNWpl5pTransferring <SUNWpl5p> package instance
If the automounter is running at your site, you do not have to mount the remote
package server manually. Instead, use the automounter path, in this case, /net/package-server/latest-packages, as the argument to the
d option.
# pkgadd -d /net/package-server/latest-packages -s /var/spool/pkg SUNWpl5p
Transferring <SUNWpl5p> package instance
Example 20.11. Installing Software Packages From the Default Spool Directory
The following
example shows how to install the SUNWpl5p package from the default
spool directory. When no options are used, the pkgadd command searches
the /var/spool/pkg directory for the named packages.
# pkgadd SUNWpl5p
.
.
.
Installation of <SUNWpl5p> was successful.
How to List Information About All Installed Packages (pkginfo)
Example 20.12. Listing Installed Packages
This example shows how to list all packages installed on a local system, whether that system is a stand-alone system or a server. The output shows the primary category, package name, and the description of the package.
$ pkginfo
system SUNWaccr System Accounting, (Root)
system SUNWaccu System Accounting, (Usr)
system SUNWadmap System administration applications
system SUNWadmc System administration core libraries
.
.
.
Example 20.13. Displaying Detailed Information About Software Packages
This example shows how to list all packages installed on a system by specifying the long format, which includes all available information about the designated packages.
$ pkginfo -l SUNWcar
PKGINST: SUNWcar
NAME: Core Architecture, (Root)
CATEGORY: system
ARCH: sparc.sun4u
VERSION: 11.9.0,REV=2002.04.06.15.27
BASEDIR: /
VENDOR: Sun Microsystems, Inc.
DESC: core software for a specific hardware platform group
PSTAMP: leo20031003183400
INSTDATE: Feb 20 2004 16:57
HOTLINE: Please contact your local service provider
STATUS: completely installed
FILES: 114 installed pathnames
36 shared pathnames
40 directories
57 executables
21469 blocks used (approx)
How to Check the Integrity of Installed Software Packages (pkgchk)
Become superuser or assume an equivalent role.
Roles contain authorizations and privileged commands. For more information about roles, see Configuring RBAC (Task Map) in System Administration Guide: Security Services .
Check the status of an installed package.
To check the file attributes and contents, type the following:
#pkgchk -a|-c -vpkgid...
To specify the absolute path of the spool directory, type the following:
#pkgchk -dspooldir pkgid...
a
Specifies to audit only the file attributes (the permissions), rather than the file attributes and the contents, which is the default.
c
Specifies to audit only the file contents, rather than the file contents and attributes, which is the default.
v
Specifies verbose mode, which displays file names as they are processed.
d spooldir
Specifies the absolute path of the spool directory.
pkgid
(Optional) Is the name of one or more packages, separated by spaces.
If you do not specify a pkgid, all the software packages
installed on the system are checked.
Example 20.14. Checking the Contents of Installed Software Packages
The following example shows how to check the contents of a package.
# pkgchk -c SUNWbash
If no errors occur, the system prompt is returned. Otherwise, the pkgck command reports the error.
Example 20.15. Checking the File Attributes of Installed Software Packages
The following example shows how to check the file attributes of a package.
# pkgchk -a SUNWbash
If no errors occur, the system prompt is returned. Otherwise, the pkgck command reports the error.
Example 20.16. Checking Software Packages Installed in a Spool Directory
The following example shows how to
check a software package that was copied to a spool directory (/export/install/packages).
# pkgchk -d /export/install/packages
## checking spooled package <SUNWadmap>
## checking spooled package <SUNWadmfw>
## checking spooled package <SUNWadmc>
## checking spooled package <SUNWsadml>
The checks made on a spooled package are limited because not all information can be audited until a package is installed.
How to Check the Integrity of Installed Objects (pkgchk -p, pkgchk -P)
This procedure explains how to use the pkgchk command to
check the integrity of installed objects. The new
P option enables
you to specify a partial path. This option has been added to assist you in mapping
files to packages. Use this option with the
l option to list the
information about the files that contain the partial path. Use the
p option
to check the integrity of installed objects by specifying the full path. For more
information, see the
pkgchk
(
1M
)
man
page.
Become superuser or assume an equivalent role.
Roles contain authorizations and privileged commands. For more information about roles, see Configuring RBAC (Task Map) in System Administration Guide: Security Services .
Check the integrity of an installed object.
To verify the integrity of an installed object for a full path name or path names, type the following:
# pkgchk -lp path-name
To verify the integrity of an installed object for a partial-path name or path names, type the following:
# pkgchk -lP partial-path-name
p path
Checks the accuracy only of the path name or path names that are listed. Path can be one or more path names separated by commas. Specifies to audit only the file attributes (the permissions), rather than the file attributes and the contents, which is the default.
P partial-path
Checks the accuracy of only the partial path name or path names that are listed. The partial-path can be one or more partial path names separated by commas. Matches any path name that contains the string contained in the partial path. Specifies to audit only the file contents, rather than the file contents and attributes, which is the default.
l
Lists information about the selected files that make up a package.
This option is not compatible with the
a,
c,
f,
g, and
v options. Specifies verbose
mode, which displays file names as they are processed.
Example 20.17. Checking the Integrity of an Installed Object by Specifying a Full Path Name
This example shows you how to use the pkgchk
lp command
to check the contents/attributes of an object on a file system by a specifying the
full path name. The
l option lists information on the selected files
that make up a package.
# pkgchk -lp /usr/sbin/pkgadd
Pathname: /usr/sbin/pkgadd
Type: regular file
Expected mode: 0555
Expected owner: root
Expected group: sys
Expected file size (bytes): 867152
Expected sum(1) of contents: 45580
Expected last modification: Jul 02 02:20:34 2004
Referenced by the following packages:
SUNWpkgcmdsu
Current status: installed
Example 20.18. Checking the Integrity of an Installed Object by Specifying a Partial Path Name
This example shows you how to use the pkgchk
lP command
to check the contents/attributes of an object on a file system by a specifying a partial
path name, such as a file or directory name. The
l option lists information
on the selected files that make up a package.
# pkgchk -lP /sbin/pkgadd
Pathname: /usr/sbin/pkgadd
Type: regular file
Expected mode: 0555
Expected owner: root
Expected group: sys
Expected file size (bytes): 867152
Expected sum(1) of contents: 45580
Expected last modification: Jul 02 02:20:34 2004
Referenced by the following packages:
SUNWpkgcmdsu
Current status: installed
Pathname: /usr/sbin/pkgask
Type: linked file
Source of link: ../../usr/sbin/pkgadd
Referenced by the following packages:
SUNWpkgcmdsu
Current status: installed
To remove or uninstall a software package, use the associated tool that you used to add or install a software package. For example, if you used the Solaris installation GUI to install software, use the Solaris installation GUI to uninstall software.
Do no use the rm command to remove software packages. Doing so will result in inaccuracies in the database that keeps track of all installed packages on the system.
How to Remove Software Packages (pkgrm)
Become superuser or assume an equivalent role.
Roles contain authorizations and privileged commands. For more information about roles, see Configuring RBAC (Task Map) in System Administration Guide: Security Services .
Remove an installed package.
#pkgrmpkgid...
pkgid identifies the name of one or more packages,
separated by spaces, to be removed. If omitted, the pkgrmcommand
removes all available packages.
Example 20.19. Removing Software Packages
This example shows how to remove a package.
#pkgrm SUNWctuThe following package is currently installed: SUNWctu Netra ct usr/platform links (64-bit) (sparc.sun4u) 11.9.0,REV=2001.07.24.15.53 Do you want to remove this package?y## Removing installed package instance <SUNWctu> ## Verifying package dependencies. ## Processing package information. ## Removing pathnames in class <none> . . .
Example 20.20. Removing a Spooled Software Package
This example shows how to remove a spooled package.
#pkgrm -s /export/pkg SUNWaudhThe following package is currently spooled: SUNWaudh Audio Header Files (sparc) 11.10.0,REV=2003.08.08.00.03 Do you want to remove this package?yRemoving spooled package instance <SUNWaudh>