ShaderEffect QML Type

Applies custom shaders to a rectangle More...

• List of all members, including inherited members

Properties

• blending : bool
• cullMode : enumeration
• fragmentShader : string
• log : string
• mesh : variant
• status : enumeration
• supportsAtlasTextures : bool
• vertexShader : string

Detailed Description

The ShaderEffect type applies a custom OpenGL vertex and fragment shader to a rectangle. It allows you to write effects such as drop shadow, blur, colorize and page curl directly in QML.

There are two types of input to the vertexShader: uniform variables and attributes. Some are predefined:

• uniform mat4 qt_Matrix - combined transformation matrix, the product of the matrices from the root item to this ShaderEffect, and an orthogonal projection.
• uniform float qt_Opacity - combined opacity, the product of the opacities from the root item to this ShaderEffect.
• attribute vec4 qt_Vertex - vertex position, the top-left vertex has position (0, 0), the bottom-right (width, height).
• attribute vec2 qt_MultiTexCoord0 - texture coordinate, the top-left coordinate is (0, 0), the bottom-right (1, 1). If supportsAtlasTextures is true, coordinates will be based on position in the atlas instead.

In addition, any property that can be mapped to an OpenGL Shading Language (GLSL) type is available as a uniform variable. The following list shows how properties are mapped to GLSL uniform variables:

• bool, int, qreal -> bool, int, float - If the type in the shader is not the same as in QML, the value is converted automatically.
• QColor -> vec4 - When colors are passed to the shader, they are first premultiplied. Thus Qt.rgba(0.2, 0.6, 1.0, 0.5) becomes vec4(0.1, 0.3, 0.5, 0.5) in the shader, for example.
• QRect, QRectF -> vec4 - Qt.rect(x, y, w, h) becomes vec4(x, y, w, h) in the shader.
• QPoint, QPointF, QSize, QSizeF -> vec2
• QVector3D -> vec3
• QVector4D -> vec4
• QTransform -> mat3
• QMatrix4x4 -> mat4
• QQuaternion -> vec4, scalar value is w.
• Image, ShaderEffectSource -> sampler2D - Origin is in the top-left corner, and the color values are premultiplied.

The QML scene graph back-end may choose to allocate textures in texture atlases. If a texture allocated in an atlas is passed to a ShaderEffect, it is by default copied from the texture atlas into a stand-alone texture so that the texture coordinates span from 0 to 1, and you get the expected wrap modes. However, this will increase the memory usage. To avoid the texture copy, set supportsAtlasTextures for simple shaders using qt_MultiTexCoord0, or for each "uniform sampler2D <name>" declare a "uniform vec4 qt_SubRect_<name>" which will be assigned the texture's normalized source rectangle. For stand-alone textures, the source rectangle is [0, 1]x[0, 1]. For textures in an atlas, the source rectangle corresponds to the part of the texture atlas where the texture is stored. The correct way to calculate the texture coordinate for a texture called "source" within a texture atlas is "qt_SubRect_source.xy + qt_SubRect_source.zw * qt_MultiTexCoord0".

The output from the fragmentShader should be premultiplied. If blending is enabled, source-over blending is used. However, additive blending can be achieved by outputting zero in the alpha channel.

import QtQuick 2.0

Rectangle {
    width: 200; height: 100
    Row {
        Image { id: img; sourceSize { width: 100; height: 100 } source: "qt-logo.png" }
        ShaderEffect {
            width: 100; height: 100
            property variant src: img
            vertexShader: "
                uniform highp mat4 qt_Matrix;
                attribute highp vec4 qt_Vertex;
                attribute highp vec2 qt_MultiTexCoord0;
                varying highp vec2 coord;
                void main() {
                    coord = qt_MultiTexCoord0;
                    gl_Position = qt_Matrix * qt_Vertex;
                }"
            fragmentShader: "
                varying highp vec2 coord;
                uniform sampler2D src;
                uniform lowp float qt_Opacity;
                void main() {
                    lowp vec4 tex = texture2D(src, coord);
                    gl_FragColor = vec4(vec3(dot(tex.rgb, vec3(0.344, 0.5, 0.156))), tex.a) * qt_Opacity;
                }"
        }
    }
}

By default, the ShaderEffect consists of four vertices, one for each corner. For non-linear vertex transformations, like page curl, you can specify a fine grid of vertices by specifying a mesh resolution.

ShaderEffect and Item Layers

The ShaderEffect type can be combined with layered items.

Layer with effect disabled

Layer with effect enabled

Item { id: layerRoot layer.enabled: true layer.effect: ShaderEffect { fragmentShader: " uniform lowp sampler2D source; // this item uniform lowp float qt_Opacity; // inherited opacity of this item varying highp vec2 qt_TexCoord0; void main() { lowp vec4 p = texture2D(source, qt_TexCoord0); lowp float g = dot(p.xyz, vec3(0.344, 0.5, 0.156)); gl_FragColor = vec4(g, g, g, p.a) * qt_Opacity; }" }

It is also possible to combine multiple layered items:

Rectangle { id: gradientRect; width: 10 height: 10 gradient: Gradient { GradientStop { position: 0; color: "white" } GradientStop { position: 1; color: "steelblue" } } visible: false; // should not be visible on screen. layer.enabled: true; layer.smooth: true } Text { id: textItem font.pixelSize: 48 text: "Gradient Text" anchors.centerIn: parent layer.enabled: true // This item should be used as the 'mask' layer.samplerName: "maskSource" layer.effect: ShaderEffect { property var colorSource: gradientRect; fragmentShader: " uniform lowp sampler2D colorSource; uniform lowp sampler2D maskSource; uniform lowp float qt_Opacity; varying highp vec2 qt_TexCoord0; void main() { gl_FragColor = texture2D(colorSource, qt_TexCoord0) * texture2D(maskSource, qt_TexCoord0).a * qt_Opacity; } " } }

The Qt Graphical Effects module contains several ready-made effects for using with Qt Quick applications.

Note: Scene Graph textures have origin in the top-left corner rather than bottom-left which is common in OpenGL.

For information about the GLSL version being used, see QtQuick::OpenGLInfo.

See also Item Layers.

Property Documentation