ArrayRef.h

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//===--- ArrayRef.h - Array Reference Wrapper -------------------*- C++ -*-===//
//
//                     The LLVM Compiler Infrastructure
//
// This file is distributed under the University of Illinois Open Source
// License. See LICENSE.TXT for details.
//
//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//

#ifndef LLVM_ADT_ARRAYREF_H
#define LLVM_ADT_ARRAYREF_H

#include "llvm/ADT/None.h"
#include "llvm/ADT/STLExtras.h"
#include "llvm/ADT/SmallVector.h"
#include <vector>

namespace llvm {

  /// ArrayRef - Represent a constant reference to an array (0 or more elements
  /// consecutively in memory), i.e. a start pointer and a length.  It allows
  /// various APIs to take consecutive elements easily and conveniently.
  ///
  /// This class does not own the underlying data, it is expected to be used in
  /// situations where the data resides in some other buffer, whose lifetime
  /// extends past that of the ArrayRef. For this reason, it is not in general
  /// safe to store an ArrayRef.
  ///
  /// This is intended to be trivially copyable, so it should be passed by
  /// value.
  template<typename T>
  class ArrayRef {
  public:
    typedef const T *iterator;
    typedef const T *const_iterator;
    typedef size_t size_type;

    typedef std::reverse_iterator<iterator> reverse_iterator;

  private:
    /// The start of the array, in an external buffer.
    const T *Data;

    /// The number of elements.
    size_type Length;

    /// \brief A dummy "optional" type that is only created by implicit
    /// conversion from a reference to T.
    ///
    /// This type must *only* be used in a function argument or as a copy of
    /// a function argument, as otherwise it will hold a pointer to a temporary
    /// past that temporaries' lifetime.
    struct TRefOrNothing {
      const T *TPtr;

      TRefOrNothing() : TPtr(nullptr) {}
      TRefOrNothing(const T &TRef) : TPtr(&TRef) {}
    };

  public:
    /// @name Constructors
    /// @{

    /// Construct an empty ArrayRef.
    /*implicit*/ ArrayRef() : Data(nullptr), Length(0) {}

    /// Construct an empty ArrayRef from None.
    /*implicit*/ ArrayRef(NoneType) : Data(nullptr), Length(0) {}

    /// Construct an ArrayRef from a single element.
    /*implicit*/ ArrayRef(const T &OneElt)
      : Data(&OneElt), Length(1) {}

    /// Construct an ArrayRef from a pointer and length.
    /*implicit*/ ArrayRef(const T *data, size_t length)
      : Data(data), Length(length) {}

    /// Construct an ArrayRef from a range.
    ArrayRef(const T *begin, const T *end)
      : Data(begin), Length(end - begin) {}

    /// Construct an ArrayRef from a SmallVector. This is templated in order to
    /// avoid instantiating SmallVectorTemplateCommon<T> whenever we
    /// copy-construct an ArrayRef.
    template<typename U>
    /*implicit*/ ArrayRef(const SmallVectorTemplateCommon<T, U> &Vec)
      : Data(Vec.data()), Length(Vec.size()) {
    }

    /// Construct an ArrayRef from a std::vector.
    template<typename A>
    /*implicit*/ ArrayRef(const std::vector<T, A> &Vec)
      : Data(Vec.data()), Length(Vec.size()) {}

    /// Construct an ArrayRef from a C array.
    template <size_t N>
    /*implicit*/ LLVM_CONSTEXPR ArrayRef(const T (&Arr)[N])
      : Data(Arr), Length(N) {}

#if LLVM_HAS_INITIALIZER_LISTS
    /// Construct an ArrayRef from a std::initializer_list.
    /*implicit*/ ArrayRef(const std::initializer_list<T> &Vec)
    : Data(Vec.begin() == Vec.end() ? (T*)0 : Vec.begin()),
      Length(Vec.size()) {}
#endif

    /// Construct an ArrayRef<const T*> from ArrayRef<T*>. This uses SFINAE to
    /// ensure that only ArrayRefs of pointers can be converted.
    template <typename U>
    ArrayRef(const ArrayRef<U *> &A,
             typename std::enable_if<
                 std::is_convertible<U *const *, T const *>::value>::type* = 0)
      : Data(A.data()), Length(A.size()) {}

    /// @}
    /// @name Simple Operations
    /// @{

    iterator begin() const { return Data; }
    iterator end() const { return Data + Length; }

    reverse_iterator rbegin() const { return reverse_iterator(end()); }
    reverse_iterator rend() const { return reverse_iterator(begin()); }

    /// empty - Check if the array is empty.
    bool empty() const { return Length == 0; }

    const T *data() const { return Data; }

    /// size - Get the array size.
    size_t size() const { return Length; }

    /// front - Get the first element.
    const T &front() const {
      assert(!empty());
      return Data[0];
    }

    /// back - Get the last element.
    const T &back() const {
      assert(!empty());
      return Data[Length-1];
    }

    // copy - Allocate copy in Allocator and return ArrayRef<T> to it.
    template <typename Allocator> ArrayRef<T> copy(Allocator &A) {
      T *Buff = A.template Allocate<T>(Length);
      std::copy(begin(), end(), Buff);
      return ArrayRef<T>(Buff, Length);
    }

    /// equals - Check for element-wise equality.
    bool equals(ArrayRef RHS) const {
      if (Length != RHS.Length)
        return false;
      // Don't use std::equal(), since it asserts in MSVC on nullptr iterators.
      for (auto L = begin(), LE = end(), R = RHS.begin(); L != LE; ++L, ++R)
        // Match std::equal() in using == (instead of !=) to minimize API
        // requirements of ArrayRef'ed types.
        if (!(*L == *R))
          return false;
      return true;
    }

    /// slice(n) - Chop off the first N elements of the array.
    ArrayRef<T> slice(unsigned N) const {
      assert(N <= size() && "Invalid specifier");
      return ArrayRef<T>(data()+N, size()-N);
    }

    /// slice(n, m) - Chop off the first N elements of the array, and keep M
    /// elements in the array.
    ArrayRef<T> slice(unsigned N, unsigned M) const {
      assert(N+M <= size() && "Invalid specifier");
      return ArrayRef<T>(data()+N, M);
    }

    // \brief Drop the last \p N elements of the array.
    ArrayRef<T> drop_back(unsigned N = 1) const {
      assert(size() >= N && "Dropping more elements than exist");
      return slice(0, size() - N);
    }

    /// @}
    /// @name Operator Overloads
    /// @{
    const T &operator[](size_t Index) const {
      assert(Index < Length && "Invalid index!");
      return Data[Index];
    }

    /// @}
    /// @name Expensive Operations
    /// @{
    std::vector<T> vec() const {
      return std::vector<T>(Data, Data+Length);
    }

    /// @}
    /// @name Conversion operators
    /// @{
    operator std::vector<T>() const {
      return std::vector<T>(Data, Data+Length);
    }

    /// @}
    /// @{
    /// @name Convenience methods

    /// @brief Predicate for testing that the array equals the exact sequence of
    /// arguments.
    ///
    /// Will return false if the size is not equal to the exact number of
    /// arguments given or if the array elements don't equal the argument
    /// elements in order. Currently supports up to 16 arguments, but can
    /// easily be extended.
    bool equals(TRefOrNothing Arg0 = TRefOrNothing(),
                TRefOrNothing Arg1 = TRefOrNothing(),
                TRefOrNothing Arg2 = TRefOrNothing(),
                TRefOrNothing Arg3 = TRefOrNothing(),
                TRefOrNothing Arg4 = TRefOrNothing(),
                TRefOrNothing Arg5 = TRefOrNothing(),
                TRefOrNothing Arg6 = TRefOrNothing(),
                TRefOrNothing Arg7 = TRefOrNothing(),
                TRefOrNothing Arg8 = TRefOrNothing(),
                TRefOrNothing Arg9 = TRefOrNothing(),
                TRefOrNothing Arg10 = TRefOrNothing(),
                TRefOrNothing Arg11 = TRefOrNothing(),
                TRefOrNothing Arg12 = TRefOrNothing(),
                TRefOrNothing Arg13 = TRefOrNothing(),
                TRefOrNothing Arg14 = TRefOrNothing(),
                TRefOrNothing Arg15 = TRefOrNothing()) {
      TRefOrNothing Args[] = {Arg0,  Arg1,  Arg2,  Arg3, Arg4,  Arg5,
                              Arg6,  Arg7,  Arg8,  Arg9, Arg10, Arg11,
                              Arg12, Arg13, Arg14, Arg15};
      if (size() > array_lengthof(Args))
        return false;

      for (unsigned i = 0, e = size(); i != e; ++i)
        if (Args[i].TPtr == nullptr || (*this)[i] != *Args[i].TPtr)
          return false;

      // Either the size is exactly as many args, or the next arg must be null.
      return size() == array_lengthof(Args) || Args[size()].TPtr == nullptr;
    }

    /// @}
  };

  /// MutableArrayRef - Represent a mutable reference to an array (0 or more
  /// elements consecutively in memory), i.e. a start pointer and a length.  It
  /// allows various APIs to take and modify consecutive elements easily and
  /// conveniently.
  ///
  /// This class does not own the underlying data, it is expected to be used in
  /// situations where the data resides in some other buffer, whose lifetime
  /// extends past that of the MutableArrayRef. For this reason, it is not in
  /// general safe to store a MutableArrayRef.
  ///
  /// This is intended to be trivially copyable, so it should be passed by
  /// value.
  template<typename T>
  class MutableArrayRef : public ArrayRef<T> {
  public:
    typedef T *iterator;

    typedef std::reverse_iterator<iterator> reverse_iterator;

    /// Construct an empty MutableArrayRef.
    /*implicit*/ MutableArrayRef() : ArrayRef<T>() {}

    /// Construct an empty MutableArrayRef from None.
    /*implicit*/ MutableArrayRef(NoneType) : ArrayRef<T>() {}

    /// Construct an MutableArrayRef from a single element.
    /*implicit*/ MutableArrayRef(T &OneElt) : ArrayRef<T>(OneElt) {}

    /// Construct an MutableArrayRef from a pointer and length.
    /*implicit*/ MutableArrayRef(T *data, size_t length)
      : ArrayRef<T>(data, length) {}

    /// Construct an MutableArrayRef from a range.
    MutableArrayRef(T *begin, T *end) : ArrayRef<T>(begin, end) {}

    /// Construct an MutableArrayRef from a SmallVector.
    /*implicit*/ MutableArrayRef(SmallVectorImpl<T> &Vec)
    : ArrayRef<T>(Vec) {}

    /// Construct a MutableArrayRef from a std::vector.
    /*implicit*/ MutableArrayRef(std::vector<T> &Vec)
    : ArrayRef<T>(Vec) {}

    /// Construct an MutableArrayRef from a C array.
    template <size_t N>
    /*implicit*/ LLVM_CONSTEXPR MutableArrayRef(T (&Arr)[N])
      : ArrayRef<T>(Arr) {}

    T *data() const { return const_cast<T*>(ArrayRef<T>::data()); }

    iterator begin() const { return data(); }
    iterator end() const { return data() + this->size(); }

    reverse_iterator rbegin() const { return reverse_iterator(end()); }
    reverse_iterator rend() const { return reverse_iterator(begin()); }

    /// front - Get the first element.
    T &front() const {
      assert(!this->empty());
      return data()[0];
    }

    /// back - Get the last element.
    T &back() const {
      assert(!this->empty());
      return data()[this->size()-1];
    }

    /// slice(n) - Chop off the first N elements of the array.
    MutableArrayRef<T> slice(unsigned N) const {
      assert(N <= this->size() && "Invalid specifier");
      return MutableArrayRef<T>(data()+N, this->size()-N);
    }

    /// slice(n, m) - Chop off the first N elements of the array, and keep M
    /// elements in the array.
    MutableArrayRef<T> slice(unsigned N, unsigned M) const {
      assert(N+M <= this->size() && "Invalid specifier");
      return MutableArrayRef<T>(data()+N, M);
    }

    /// @}
    /// @name Operator Overloads
    /// @{
    T &operator[](size_t Index) const {
      assert(Index < this->size() && "Invalid index!");
      return data()[Index];
    }
  };

  /// @name ArrayRef Convenience constructors
  /// @{

  /// Construct an ArrayRef from a single element.
  template<typename T>
  ArrayRef<T> makeArrayRef(const T &OneElt) {
    return OneElt;
  }

  /// Construct an ArrayRef from a pointer and length.
  template<typename T>
  ArrayRef<T> makeArrayRef(const T *data, size_t length) {
    return ArrayRef<T>(data, length);
  }

  /// Construct an ArrayRef from a range.
  template<typename T>
  ArrayRef<T> makeArrayRef(const T *begin, const T *end) {
    return ArrayRef<T>(begin, end);
  }

  /// Construct an ArrayRef from a SmallVector.
  template <typename T>
  ArrayRef<T> makeArrayRef(const SmallVectorImpl<T> &Vec) {
    return Vec;
  }

  /// Construct an ArrayRef from a SmallVector.
  template <typename T, unsigned N>
  ArrayRef<T> makeArrayRef(const SmallVector<T, N> &Vec) {
    return Vec;
  }

  /// Construct an ArrayRef from a std::vector.
  template<typename T>
  ArrayRef<T> makeArrayRef(const std::vector<T> &Vec) {
    return Vec;
  }

  /// Construct an ArrayRef from a C array.
  template<typename T, size_t N>
  ArrayRef<T> makeArrayRef(const T (&Arr)[N]) {
    return ArrayRef<T>(Arr);
  }

  /// @}
  /// @name ArrayRef Comparison Operators
  /// @{

  template<typename T>
  inline bool operator==(ArrayRef<T> LHS, ArrayRef<T> RHS) {
    return LHS.equals(RHS);
  }

  template<typename T>
  inline bool operator!=(ArrayRef<T> LHS, ArrayRef<T> RHS) {
    return !(LHS == RHS);
  }

  /// @}

  // ArrayRefs can be treated like a POD type.
  template <typename T> struct isPodLike;
  template <typename T> struct isPodLike<ArrayRef<T> > {
    static const bool value = true;
  };
}

#endif