zic.c

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/*
 * This file is in the public domain, so clarified as of
 * 2006-07-17 by Arthur David Olson.
 *
 * IDENTIFICATION
 *    src/timezone/zic.c
 */

#include "postgres_fe.h"

#ifdef HAVE_GETOPT_H
#include <getopt.h>
#endif
#include <limits.h>
#include <locale.h>
#include <time.h>

extern int  optind;
extern char *optarg;

#include "private.h"
#include "pgtz.h"
#include "tzfile.h"

#define       ZIC_VERSION     '2'

typedef int64 zic_t;

#ifndef ZIC_MAX_ABBR_LEN_WO_WARN
#define ZIC_MAX_ABBR_LEN_WO_WARN      6
#endif   /* !defined ZIC_MAX_ABBR_LEN_WO_WARN */

#ifdef HAVE_SYS_STAT_H
#include <sys/stat.h>
#endif

#ifndef WIN32
#ifdef S_IRUSR
#define MKDIR_UMASK (S_IRUSR|S_IWUSR|S_IXUSR|S_IRGRP|S_IXGRP|S_IROTH|S_IXOTH)
#else
#define MKDIR_UMASK 0755
#endif
#endif

static char elsieid[] = "@(#)zic.c  8.20";

/*
 * On some ancient hosts, predicates like `isspace(C)' are defined
 * only if isascii(C) || C == EOF. Modern hosts obey the C Standard,
 * which says they are defined only if C == ((unsigned char) C) || C == EOF.
 * Neither the C Standard nor Posix require that `isascii' exist.
 * For portability, we check both ancient and modern requirements.
 * If isascii is not defined, the isascii check succeeds trivially.
 */
#include <ctype.h>
#ifndef isascii
#define isascii(x) 1
#endif

#define OFFSET_STRLEN_MAXIMUM (7 + INT_STRLEN_MAXIMUM(long))
#define RULE_STRLEN_MAXIMUM   8 /* "Mdd.dd.d" */

#define end(cp)       (strchr((cp), '\0'))

struct rule
{
    const char *r_filename;
    int         r_linenum;
    const char *r_name;

    int         r_loyear;       /* for example, 1986 */
    int         r_hiyear;       /* for example, 1986 */
    const char *r_yrtype;
    int         r_lowasnum;
    int         r_hiwasnum;

    int         r_month;        /* 0..11 */

    int         r_dycode;       /* see below */
    int         r_dayofmonth;
    int         r_wday;

    long        r_tod;          /* time from midnight */
    int         r_todisstd;     /* above is standard time if TRUE */
    /* or wall clock time if FALSE */
    int         r_todisgmt;     /* above is GMT if TRUE */
    /* or local time if FALSE */
    long        r_stdoff;       /* offset from standard time */
    const char *r_abbrvar;      /* variable part of abbreviation */

    int         r_todo;         /* a rule to do (used in outzone) */
    zic_t       r_temp;         /* used in outzone */
};

/*
 *  r_dycode        r_dayofmonth    r_wday
 */

#define DC_DOM      0   /* 1..31 */     /* unused */
#define DC_DOWGEQ   1   /* 1..31 */     /* 0..6 (Sun..Sat) */
#define DC_DOWLEQ   2   /* 1..31 */     /* 0..6 (Sun..Sat) */

struct zone
{
    const char *z_filename;
    int         z_linenum;

    const char *z_name;
    long        z_gmtoff;
    const char *z_rule;
    const char *z_format;

    long        z_stdoff;

    struct rule *z_rules;
    int         z_nrules;

    struct rule z_untilrule;
    zic_t       z_untiltime;
};

extern int  link(const char *fromname, const char *toname);
static void addtt(const pg_time_t starttime, int type);
static int addtype(long gmtoff, const char *abbr, int isdst,
        int ttisstd, int ttisgmt);
static void leapadd(const pg_time_t t, int positive, int rolling, int count);
static void adjleap(void);
static void associate(void);
static int  ciequal(const char *ap, const char *bp);
static void convert(long val, char *buf);
static void dolink(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile);
static void doabbr(char *abbr, const char *format,
       const char *letters, int isdst, int doquotes);
static void eat(const char *name, int num);
static void eats(const char *name, int num,
     const char *rname, int rnum);
static long eitol(int i);
static void error(const char *message);
static char **getfields(char *buf);
static long gethms(const char *string, const char *errstrng,
       int signable);
static void infile(const char *filename);
static void inleap(char **fields, int nfields);
static void inlink(char **fields, int nfields);
static void inrule(char **fields, int nfields);
static int  inzcont(char **fields, int nfields);
static int  inzone(char **fields, int nfields);
static int  inzsub(char **fields, int nfields, int iscont);
static int  itsabbr(const char *abbr, const char *word);
static int  itsdir(const char *name);
static int  lowerit(int c);
static char *memcheck(char *tocheck);
static int  mkdirs(char *filename);
static void newabbr(const char *abbr);
static long oadd(long t1, long t2);
static void outzone(const struct zone * zp, int ntzones);
static void puttzcode(long code, FILE *fp);
static int  rcomp(const void *leftp, const void *rightp);
static pg_time_t rpytime(const struct rule * rp, int wantedy);
static void rulesub(struct rule * rp,
        const char *loyearp, const char *hiyearp,
        const char *typep, const char *monthp,
        const char *dayp, const char *timep);
static void setboundaries(void);
static pg_time_t tadd(const pg_time_t t1, long t2);
static void usage(FILE *stream, int status);
static void writezone(const char *name, const char *string);
static int  yearistype(int year, const char *type);

static int  charcnt;
static int  errors;
static const char *filename;
static int  leapcnt;
static int  leapseen;
static int  leapminyear;
static int  leapmaxyear;
static int  linenum;
static int  max_abbrvar_len;
static int  max_format_len;
static zic_t max_time;
static int  max_year;
static zic_t min_time;
static int  min_year;
static int  noise;
static int  print_abbrevs;
static zic_t print_cutoff;
static const char *rfilename;
static int  rlinenum;
static const char *progname;
static int  timecnt;
static int  typecnt;

/*
 * Line codes.
 */

#define LC_RULE     0
#define LC_ZONE     1
#define LC_LINK     2
#define LC_LEAP     3

/*
 * Which fields are which on a Zone line.
 */

#define ZF_NAME     1
#define ZF_GMTOFF   2
#define ZF_RULE     3
#define ZF_FORMAT   4
#define ZF_TILYEAR  5
#define ZF_TILMONTH 6
#define ZF_TILDAY   7
#define ZF_TILTIME  8
#define ZONE_MINFIELDS  5
#define ZONE_MAXFIELDS  9

/*
 * Which fields are which on a Zone continuation line.
 */

#define ZFC_GMTOFF  0
#define ZFC_RULE    1
#define ZFC_FORMAT  2
#define ZFC_TILYEAR 3
#define ZFC_TILMONTH    4
#define ZFC_TILDAY  5
#define ZFC_TILTIME 6
#define ZONEC_MINFIELDS 3
#define ZONEC_MAXFIELDS 7

/*
 * Which files are which on a Rule line.
 */

#define RF_NAME     1
#define RF_LOYEAR   2
#define RF_HIYEAR   3
#define RF_COMMAND  4
#define RF_MONTH    5
#define RF_DAY      6
#define RF_TOD      7
#define RF_STDOFF   8
#define RF_ABBRVAR  9
#define RULE_FIELDS 10

/*
 * Which fields are which on a Link line.
 */

#define LF_FROM     1
#define LF_TO       2
#define LINK_FIELDS 3

/*
 * Which fields are which on a Leap line.
 */

#define LP_YEAR     1
#define LP_MONTH    2
#define LP_DAY      3
#define LP_TIME     4
#define LP_CORR     5
#define LP_ROLL     6
#define LEAP_FIELDS 7

/*
 * Year synonyms.
 */

#define YR_MINIMUM  0
#define YR_MAXIMUM  1
#define YR_ONLY     2

static struct rule *rules;
static int  nrules;             /* number of rules */

static struct zone *zones;
static int  nzones;             /* number of zones */

struct link
{
    const char *l_filename;
    int         l_linenum;
    const char *l_from;
    const char *l_to;
};

static struct link *links;
static int  nlinks;

struct lookup
{
    const char *l_word;
    const int   l_value;
};

static struct lookup const *byword(const char *string,
       const struct lookup * lp);

static struct lookup const line_codes[] = {
    {"Rule", LC_RULE},
    {"Zone", LC_ZONE},
    {"Link", LC_LINK},
    {"Leap", LC_LEAP},
    {NULL, 0}
};

static struct lookup const mon_names[] = {
    {"January", TM_JANUARY},
    {"February", TM_FEBRUARY},
    {"March", TM_MARCH},
    {"April", TM_APRIL},
    {"May", TM_MAY},
    {"June", TM_JUNE},
    {"July", TM_JULY},
    {"August", TM_AUGUST},
    {"September", TM_SEPTEMBER},
    {"October", TM_OCTOBER},
    {"November", TM_NOVEMBER},
    {"December", TM_DECEMBER},
    {NULL, 0}
};

static struct lookup const wday_names[] = {
    {"Sunday", TM_SUNDAY},
    {"Monday", TM_MONDAY},
    {"Tuesday", TM_TUESDAY},
    {"Wednesday", TM_WEDNESDAY},
    {"Thursday", TM_THURSDAY},
    {"Friday", TM_FRIDAY},
    {"Saturday", TM_SATURDAY},
    {NULL, 0}
};

static struct lookup const lasts[] = {
    {"last-Sunday", TM_SUNDAY},
    {"last-Monday", TM_MONDAY},
    {"last-Tuesday", TM_TUESDAY},
    {"last-Wednesday", TM_WEDNESDAY},
    {"last-Thursday", TM_THURSDAY},
    {"last-Friday", TM_FRIDAY},
    {"last-Saturday", TM_SATURDAY},
    {NULL, 0}
};

static struct lookup const begin_years[] = {
    {"minimum", YR_MINIMUM},
    {"maximum", YR_MAXIMUM},
    {NULL, 0}
};

static struct lookup const end_years[] = {
    {"minimum", YR_MINIMUM},
    {"maximum", YR_MAXIMUM},
    {"only", YR_ONLY},
    {NULL, 0}
};

static struct lookup const leap_types[] = {
    {"Rolling", TRUE},
    {"Stationary", FALSE},
    {NULL, 0}
};

static const int len_months[2][MONSPERYEAR] = {
    {31, 28, 31, 30, 31, 30, 31, 31, 30, 31, 30, 31},
    {31, 29, 31, 30, 31, 30, 31, 31, 30, 31, 30, 31}
};

static const int len_years[2] = {
    DAYSPERNYEAR, DAYSPERLYEAR
};

static struct attype
{
    zic_t       at;
    unsigned char type;
}   attypes[TZ_MAX_TIMES];
static long gmtoffs[TZ_MAX_TYPES];
static char isdsts[TZ_MAX_TYPES];
static unsigned char abbrinds[TZ_MAX_TYPES];
static char ttisstds[TZ_MAX_TYPES];
static char ttisgmts[TZ_MAX_TYPES];
static char chars[TZ_MAX_CHARS];
static zic_t trans[TZ_MAX_LEAPS];
static long corr[TZ_MAX_LEAPS];
static char roll[TZ_MAX_LEAPS];

/*
 * Memory allocation.
 */

static char *
memcheck(char *ptr)
{
    if (ptr == NULL)
    {
        const char *e = strerror(errno);

        (void) fprintf(stderr, _("%s: Memory exhausted: %s\n"),
                       progname, e);
        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
    }
    return ptr;
}

#define emalloc(size)       memcheck(imalloc(size))
#define erealloc(ptr, size) memcheck(irealloc((ptr), (size)))
#define ecpyalloc(ptr)      memcheck(icpyalloc(ptr))
#define ecatalloc(oldp, newp)   memcheck(icatalloc((oldp), (newp)))

/*
 * Error handling.
 */

static void
eats(const char *name, int num, const char *rname, int rnum)
{
    filename = name;
    linenum = num;
    rfilename = rname;
    rlinenum = rnum;
}

static void
eat(const char *name, int num)
{
    eats(name, num, (char *) NULL, -1);
}

static void
error(const char *string)
{
    /*
     * Match the format of "cc" to allow sh users to  zic ... 2>&1 | error -t
     * "*" -v on BSD systems.
     */
    (void) fprintf(stderr, _("\"%s\", line %d: %s"),
                   filename, linenum, string);
    if (rfilename != NULL)
        (void) fprintf(stderr, _(" (rule from \"%s\", line %d)"),
                       rfilename, rlinenum);
    (void) fprintf(stderr, "\n");
    ++errors;
}

static void
warning(const char *string)
{
    char       *cp;

    cp = ecpyalloc(_("warning: "));
    cp = ecatalloc(cp, string);
    error(cp);
    ifree(cp);
    --errors;
}

static void
usage(FILE *stream, int status)
{
    (void) fprintf(stream, _("%s: usage is %s \
[ --version ] [ --help ] [ -v ] [ -P ] [ -l localtime ] [ -p posixrules ] \\\n\
\t[ -d directory ] [ -L leapseconds ] [ -y yearistype ] [ filename ... ]\n\
\n\
Report bugs to [email protected].\n"),
                   progname, progname);
    exit(status);
}

static const char *psxrules;
static const char *lcltime;
static const char *directory;
static const char *leapsec;
static const char *yitcommand;

int
main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
    int         i;
    int         j;
    int         c;

#ifndef WIN32
    (void) umask(umask(S_IWGRP | S_IWOTH) | (S_IWGRP | S_IWOTH));
#endif   /* !WIN32 */
    progname = argv[0];
    if (TYPE_BIT(zic_t) < 64)
    {
        (void) fprintf(stderr, "%s: %s\n", progname,
                       _("wild compilation-time specification of zic_t"));
        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
    }
    for (i = 1; i < argc; ++i)
        if (strcmp(argv[i], "--version") == 0)
        {
            (void) printf("%s\n", elsieid);
            exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
        }
        else if (strcmp(argv[i], "--help") == 0)
        {
            usage(stdout, EXIT_SUCCESS);
        }
    while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "d:l:p:L:vPsy:")) != EOF && c != -1)
        switch (c)
        {
            default:
                usage(stderr, EXIT_FAILURE);
            case 'd':
                if (directory == NULL)
                    directory = strdup(optarg);
                else
                {
                    (void) fprintf(stderr,
                                _("%s: More than one -d option specified\n"),
                                   progname);
                    exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
                }
                break;
            case 'l':
                if (lcltime == NULL)
                    lcltime = strdup(optarg);
                else
                {
                    (void) fprintf(stderr,
                                _("%s: More than one -l option specified\n"),
                                   progname);
                    exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
                }
                break;
            case 'p':
                if (psxrules == NULL)
                    psxrules = strdup(optarg);
                else
                {
                    (void) fprintf(stderr,
                                _("%s: More than one -p option specified\n"),
                                   progname);
                    exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
                }
                break;
            case 'y':
                if (yitcommand == NULL)
                    yitcommand = strdup(optarg);
                else
                {
                    (void) fprintf(stderr,
                                _("%s: More than one -y option specified\n"),
                                   progname);
                    exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
                }
                break;
            case 'L':
                if (leapsec == NULL)
                    leapsec = strdup(optarg);
                else
                {
                    (void) fprintf(stderr,
                                _("%s: More than one -L option specified\n"),
                                   progname);
                    exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
                }
                break;
            case 'v':
                noise = TRUE;
                break;
            case 'P':
                print_abbrevs = TRUE;
                print_cutoff = time(NULL);
                break;
            case 's':
                (void) printf("%s: -s ignored\n", progname);
                break;
        }
    if (optind == argc - 1 && strcmp(argv[optind], "=") == 0)
        usage(stderr, EXIT_FAILURE);    /* usage message by request */
    if (directory == NULL)
        directory = "data";
    if (yitcommand == NULL)
        yitcommand = "yearistype";

    setboundaries();

    if (optind < argc && leapsec != NULL)
    {
        infile(leapsec);
        adjleap();
    }

    for (i = optind; i < argc; ++i)
        infile(argv[i]);
    if (errors)
        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
    associate();
    for (i = 0; i < nzones; i = j)
    {
        /*
         * Find the next non-continuation zone entry.
         */
        for (j = i + 1; j < nzones && zones[j].z_name == NULL; ++j)
            continue;
        outzone(&zones[i], j - i);
    }

    /*
     * Make links.
     */
    for (i = 0; i < nlinks; ++i)
    {
        eat(links[i].l_filename, links[i].l_linenum);
        dolink(links[i].l_from, links[i].l_to);
        if (noise)
            for (j = 0; j < nlinks; ++j)
                if (strcmp(links[i].l_to,
                           links[j].l_from) == 0)
                    warning(_("link to link"));
    }
    if (lcltime != NULL)
    {
        eat("command line", 1);
        dolink(lcltime, TZDEFAULT);
    }
    if (psxrules != NULL)
    {
        eat("command line", 1);
        dolink(psxrules, TZDEFRULES);
    }
    return (errors == 0) ? EXIT_SUCCESS : EXIT_FAILURE;
}

static void
dolink(const char *fromfield, const char *tofield)
{
    char       *fromname;
    char       *toname;

    if (fromfield[0] == '/')
        fromname = ecpyalloc(fromfield);
    else
    {
        fromname = ecpyalloc(directory);
        fromname = ecatalloc(fromname, "/");
        fromname = ecatalloc(fromname, fromfield);
    }
    if (tofield[0] == '/')
        toname = ecpyalloc(tofield);
    else
    {
        toname = ecpyalloc(directory);
        toname = ecatalloc(toname, "/");
        toname = ecatalloc(toname, tofield);
    }

    /*
     * We get to be careful here since there's a fair chance of root running
     * us.
     */
    if (!itsdir(toname))
        (void) remove(toname);
    if (link(fromname, toname) != 0)
    {
        int         result;

        if (mkdirs(toname) != 0)
            exit(EXIT_FAILURE);

        result = link(fromname, toname);
#ifdef HAVE_SYMLINK
        if (result != 0 &&
            access(fromname, F_OK) == 0 &&
            !itsdir(fromname))
        {
            const char *s = tofield;
            char       *symlinkcontents = NULL;

            while ((s = strchr(s + 1, '/')) != NULL)
                symlinkcontents = ecatalloc(symlinkcontents, "../");
            symlinkcontents = ecatalloc(symlinkcontents, fromfield);

            result = symlink(symlinkcontents, toname);
            if (result == 0)
                warning(_("hard link failed, symbolic link used"));
            ifree(symlinkcontents);
        }
#endif
        if (result != 0)
        {
            const char *e = strerror(errno);

            (void) fprintf(stderr,
                           _("%s: Cannot link from %s to %s: %s\n"),
                           progname, fromname, toname, e);
            exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
        }
    }
    ifree(fromname);
    ifree(toname);
}

#define TIME_T_BITS_IN_FILE   64

static void
setboundaries(void)
{
    int         i;

    min_time = -1;
    for (i = 0; i < TIME_T_BITS_IN_FILE - 1; ++i)
        min_time *= 2;
    max_time = -(min_time + 1);
}

static int
itsdir(const char *name)
{
    char       *myname;
    int         accres;

    myname = ecpyalloc(name);
    myname = ecatalloc(myname, "/.");
    accres = access(myname, F_OK);
    ifree(myname);
    return accres == 0;
}

/*
 * Associate sets of rules with zones.
 */

/*
 * Sort by rule name.
 */

static int
rcomp(const void *cp1, const void *cp2)
{
    return strcmp(((const struct rule *) cp1)->r_name,
                  ((const struct rule *) cp2)->r_name);
}

static void
associate(void)
{
    struct zone *zp;
    struct rule *rp;
    int         base,
                out;
    int         i,
                j;

    if (nrules != 0)
    {
        (void) qsort((void *) rules, (size_t) nrules,
                     (size_t) sizeof *rules, rcomp);
        for (i = 0; i < nrules - 1; ++i)
        {
            if (strcmp(rules[i].r_name,
                       rules[i + 1].r_name) != 0)
                continue;
            if (strcmp(rules[i].r_filename,
                       rules[i + 1].r_filename) == 0)
                continue;
            eat(rules[i].r_filename, rules[i].r_linenum);
            warning(_("same rule name in multiple files"));
            eat(rules[i + 1].r_filename, rules[i + 1].r_linenum);
            warning(_("same rule name in multiple files"));
            for (j = i + 2; j < nrules; ++j)
            {
                if (strcmp(rules[i].r_name,
                           rules[j].r_name) != 0)
                    break;
                if (strcmp(rules[i].r_filename,
                           rules[j].r_filename) == 0)
                    continue;
                if (strcmp(rules[i + 1].r_filename,
                           rules[j].r_filename) == 0)
                    continue;
                break;
            }
            i = j - 1;
        }
    }
    for (i = 0; i < nzones; ++i)
    {
        zp = &zones[i];
        zp->z_rules = NULL;
        zp->z_nrules = 0;
    }
    for (base = 0; base < nrules; base = out)
    {
        rp = &rules[base];
        for (out = base + 1; out < nrules; ++out)
            if (strcmp(rp->r_name, rules[out].r_name) != 0)
                break;
        for (i = 0; i < nzones; ++i)
        {
            zp = &zones[i];
            if (strcmp(zp->z_rule, rp->r_name) != 0)
                continue;
            zp->z_rules = rp;
            zp->z_nrules = out - base;
        }
    }
    for (i = 0; i < nzones; ++i)
    {
        zp = &zones[i];
        if (zp->z_nrules == 0)
        {
            /*
             * Maybe we have a local standard time offset.
             */
            eat(zp->z_filename, zp->z_linenum);
            zp->z_stdoff = gethms(zp->z_rule, _("unruly zone"),
                                  TRUE);

            /*
             * Note, though, that if there's no rule, a '%s' in the format is
             * a bad thing.
             */
            if (strchr(zp->z_format, '%') != NULL)
                error(_("%s in ruleless zone"));
        }
    }
    if (errors)
        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}

static void
infile(const char *name)
{
    FILE       *fp;
    char      **fields;
    char       *cp;
    const struct lookup *lp;
    int         nfields;
    int         wantcont;
    int         num;
    char        buf[BUFSIZ];

    if (strcmp(name, "-") == 0)
    {
        name = _("standard input");
        fp = stdin;
    }
    else if ((fp = fopen(name, "r")) == NULL)
    {
        const char *e = strerror(errno);

        (void) fprintf(stderr, _("%s: Cannot open %s: %s\n"),
                       progname, name, e);
        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
    }
    wantcont = FALSE;
    for (num = 1;; ++num)
    {
        eat(name, num);
        if (fgets(buf, (int) sizeof buf, fp) != buf)
            break;
        cp = strchr(buf, '\n');
        if (cp == NULL)
        {
            error(_("line too long"));
            exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
        }
        *cp = '\0';
        fields = getfields(buf);
        nfields = 0;
        while (fields[nfields] != NULL)
        {
            static char nada;

            if (strcmp(fields[nfields], "-") == 0)
                fields[nfields] = &nada;
            ++nfields;
        }
        if (nfields == 0)
        {
            /* nothing to do */
        }
        else if (wantcont)
            wantcont = inzcont(fields, nfields);
        else
        {
            lp = byword(fields[0], line_codes);
            if (lp == NULL)
                error(_("input line of unknown type"));
            else
                switch ((int) (lp->l_value))
                {
                    case LC_RULE:
                        inrule(fields, nfields);
                        wantcont = FALSE;
                        break;
                    case LC_ZONE:
                        wantcont = inzone(fields, nfields);
                        break;
                    case LC_LINK:
                        inlink(fields, nfields);
                        wantcont = FALSE;
                        break;
                    case LC_LEAP:
                        if (name != leapsec)
                            (void) fprintf(stderr,
                            _("%s: Leap line in non leap seconds file %s\n"),
                                           progname, name);
                        else
                            inleap(fields, nfields);
                        wantcont = FALSE;
                        break;
                    default:    /* "cannot happen" */
                        (void) fprintf(stderr,
                                       _("%s: panic: Invalid l_value %d\n"),
                                       progname, lp->l_value);
                        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
                }
        }
        ifree((char *) fields);
    }
    if (ferror(fp))
    {
        (void) fprintf(stderr, _("%s: Error reading %s\n"),
                       progname, filename);
        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
    }
    if (fp != stdin && fclose(fp))
    {
        const char *e = strerror(errno);

        (void) fprintf(stderr, _("%s: Error closing %s: %s\n"),
                       progname, filename, e);
        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
    }
    if (wantcont)
        error(_("expected continuation line not found"));
}

/*----------
 * Convert a string of one of the forms
 *  h   -h  hh:mm   -hh:mm  hh:mm:ss    -hh:mm:ss
 * into a number of seconds.
 * A null string maps to zero.
 * Call error with errstring and return zero on errors.
 *----------
 */
static long
gethms(const char *string, const char *errstring, int signable)
{
    long        hh;
    int         mm,
                ss,
                sign;

    if (string == NULL || *string == '\0')
        return 0;
    if (!signable)
        sign = 1;
    else if (*string == '-')
    {
        sign = -1;
        ++string;
    }
    else
        sign = 1;
    if (sscanf(string, scheck(string, "%ld"), &hh) == 1)
        mm = ss = 0;
    else if (sscanf(string, scheck(string, "%ld:%d"), &hh, &mm) == 2)
        ss = 0;
    else if (sscanf(string, scheck(string, "%ld:%d:%d"),
                    &hh, &mm, &ss) != 3)
    {
        error(errstring);
        return 0;
    }
    if (hh < 0 ||
        mm < 0 || mm >= MINSPERHOUR ||
        ss < 0 || ss > SECSPERMIN)
    {
        error(errstring);
        return 0;
    }
    if (LONG_MAX / SECSPERHOUR < hh)
    {
        error(_("time overflow"));
        return 0;
    }
    if (noise && hh == HOURSPERDAY && mm == 0 && ss == 0)
        warning(_("24:00 not handled by pre-1998 versions of zic"));
    if (noise && (hh > HOURSPERDAY ||
                  (hh == HOURSPERDAY && (mm != 0 || ss != 0))))
        warning(_("values over 24 hours not handled by pre-2007 versions of zic"));
    return oadd(eitol(sign) * hh * eitol(SECSPERHOUR),
                eitol(sign) * (eitol(mm) * eitol(SECSPERMIN) + eitol(ss)));
}

static void
inrule(char **fields, int nfields)
{
    static struct rule r;

    if (nfields != RULE_FIELDS)
    {
        error(_("wrong number of fields on Rule line"));
        return;
    }
    if (*fields[RF_NAME] == '\0')
    {
        error(_("nameless rule"));
        return;
    }
    r.r_filename = filename;
    r.r_linenum = linenum;
    r.r_stdoff = gethms(fields[RF_STDOFF], _("invalid saved time"), TRUE);
    rulesub(&r, fields[RF_LOYEAR], fields[RF_HIYEAR], fields[RF_COMMAND],
            fields[RF_MONTH], fields[RF_DAY], fields[RF_TOD]);
    r.r_name = ecpyalloc(fields[RF_NAME]);
    r.r_abbrvar = ecpyalloc(fields[RF_ABBRVAR]);
    if (max_abbrvar_len < strlen(r.r_abbrvar))
        max_abbrvar_len = strlen(r.r_abbrvar);
    rules = (struct rule *) (void *) erealloc((char *) rules,
                                       (int) ((nrules + 1) * sizeof *rules));
    rules[nrules++] = r;
}

static int
inzone(char **fields, int nfields)
{
    int         i;
    static char *buf;

    if (nfields < ZONE_MINFIELDS || nfields > ZONE_MAXFIELDS)
    {
        error(_("wrong number of fields on Zone line"));
        return FALSE;
    }
    if (strcmp(fields[ZF_NAME], TZDEFAULT) == 0 && lcltime != NULL)
    {
        buf = erealloc(buf, (int) (132 + strlen(TZDEFAULT)));
        (void) sprintf(buf,
                  _("\"Zone %s\" line and -l option are mutually exclusive"),
                       TZDEFAULT);
        error(buf);
        return FALSE;
    }
    if (strcmp(fields[ZF_NAME], TZDEFRULES) == 0 && psxrules != NULL)
    {
        buf = erealloc(buf, (int) (132 + strlen(TZDEFRULES)));
        (void) sprintf(buf,
                  _("\"Zone %s\" line and -p option are mutually exclusive"),
                       TZDEFRULES);
        error(buf);
        return FALSE;
    }
    for (i = 0; i < nzones; ++i)
        if (zones[i].z_name != NULL &&
            strcmp(zones[i].z_name, fields[ZF_NAME]) == 0)
        {
            buf = erealloc(buf, (int) (132 +
                                       strlen(fields[ZF_NAME]) +
                                       strlen(zones[i].z_filename)));
            (void) sprintf(buf,
                           _("duplicate zone name %s (file \"%s\", line %d)"),
                           fields[ZF_NAME],
                           zones[i].z_filename,
                           zones[i].z_linenum);
            error(buf);
            return FALSE;
        }
    return inzsub(fields, nfields, FALSE);
}

static int
inzcont(char **fields, int nfields)
{
    if (nfields < ZONEC_MINFIELDS || nfields > ZONEC_MAXFIELDS)
    {
        error(_("wrong number of fields on Zone continuation line"));
        return FALSE;
    }
    return inzsub(fields, nfields, TRUE);
}

static int
inzsub(char **fields, int nfields, int iscont)
{
    char       *cp;
    static struct zone z;
    int         i_gmtoff,
                i_rule,
                i_format;
    int         i_untilyear,
                i_untilmonth;
    int         i_untilday,
                i_untiltime;
    int         hasuntil;

    if (iscont)
    {
        i_gmtoff = ZFC_GMTOFF;
        i_rule = ZFC_RULE;
        i_format = ZFC_FORMAT;
        i_untilyear = ZFC_TILYEAR;
        i_untilmonth = ZFC_TILMONTH;
        i_untilday = ZFC_TILDAY;
        i_untiltime = ZFC_TILTIME;
        z.z_name = NULL;
    }
    else
    {
        i_gmtoff = ZF_GMTOFF;
        i_rule = ZF_RULE;
        i_format = ZF_FORMAT;
        i_untilyear = ZF_TILYEAR;
        i_untilmonth = ZF_TILMONTH;
        i_untilday = ZF_TILDAY;
        i_untiltime = ZF_TILTIME;
        z.z_name = ecpyalloc(fields[ZF_NAME]);
    }
    z.z_filename = filename;
    z.z_linenum = linenum;
    z.z_gmtoff = gethms(fields[i_gmtoff], _("invalid UTC offset"), TRUE);
    if ((cp = strchr(fields[i_format], '%')) != NULL)
    {
        if (*++cp != 's' || strchr(cp, '%') != NULL)
        {
            error(_("invalid abbreviation format"));
            return FALSE;
        }
    }
    z.z_rule = ecpyalloc(fields[i_rule]);
    z.z_format = ecpyalloc(fields[i_format]);
    if (max_format_len < strlen(z.z_format))
        max_format_len = strlen(z.z_format);
    hasuntil = nfields > i_untilyear;
    if (hasuntil)
    {
        z.z_untilrule.r_filename = filename;
        z.z_untilrule.r_linenum = linenum;
        rulesub(&z.z_untilrule,
                fields[i_untilyear],
                "only",
                "",
                (nfields > i_untilmonth) ?
                fields[i_untilmonth] : "Jan",
                (nfields > i_untilday) ? fields[i_untilday] : "1",
                (nfields > i_untiltime) ? fields[i_untiltime] : "0");
        z.z_untiltime = rpytime(&z.z_untilrule,
                                z.z_untilrule.r_loyear);
        if (iscont && nzones > 0 &&
            z.z_untiltime > min_time &&
            z.z_untiltime < max_time &&
            zones[nzones - 1].z_untiltime > min_time &&
            zones[nzones - 1].z_untiltime < max_time &&
            zones[nzones - 1].z_untiltime >= z.z_untiltime)
        {
            error(_("Zone continuation line end time is not after end time of previous line"));
            return FALSE;
        }
    }
    zones = (struct zone *) (void *) erealloc((char *) zones,
                                       (int) ((nzones + 1) * sizeof *zones));
    zones[nzones++] = z;

    /*
     * If there was an UNTIL field on this line, there's more information
     * about the zone on the next line.
     */
    return hasuntil;
}

static void
inleap(char **fields, int nfields)
{
    const char *cp;
    const struct lookup *lp;
    int         i,
                j;
    int         year,
                month,
                day;
    long        dayoff,
                tod;
    zic_t       t;

    if (nfields != LEAP_FIELDS)
    {
        error(_("wrong number of fields on Leap line"));
        return;
    }
    dayoff = 0;
    cp = fields[LP_YEAR];
    if (sscanf(cp, scheck(cp, "%d"), &year) != 1)
    {
        /*
         * Leapin' Lizards!
         */
        error(_("invalid leaping year"));
        return;
    }
    if (!leapseen || leapmaxyear < year)
        leapmaxyear = year;
    if (!leapseen || leapminyear > year)
        leapminyear = year;
    leapseen = TRUE;
    j = EPOCH_YEAR;
    while (j != year)
    {
        if (year > j)
        {
            i = len_years[isleap(j)];
            ++j;
        }
        else
        {
            --j;
            i = -len_years[isleap(j)];
        }
        dayoff = oadd(dayoff, eitol(i));
    }
    if ((lp = byword(fields[LP_MONTH], mon_names)) == NULL)
    {
        error(_("invalid month name"));
        return;
    }
    month = lp->l_value;
    j = TM_JANUARY;
    while (j != month)
    {
        i = len_months[isleap(year)][j];
        dayoff = oadd(dayoff, eitol(i));
        ++j;
    }
    cp = fields[LP_DAY];
    if (sscanf(cp, scheck(cp, "%d"), &day) != 1 ||
        day <= 0 || day > len_months[isleap(year)][month])
    {
        error(_("invalid day of month"));
        return;
    }
    dayoff = oadd(dayoff, eitol(day - 1));
    if (dayoff < min_time / SECSPERDAY)
    {
        error(_("time too small"));
        return;
    }
    if (dayoff > max_time / SECSPERDAY)
    {
        error(_("time too large"));
        return;
    }
    t = (zic_t) dayoff *SECSPERDAY;

    tod = gethms(fields[LP_TIME], _("invalid time of day"), FALSE);
    cp = fields[LP_CORR];
    {
        int         positive;
        int         count;

        if (strcmp(cp, "") == 0)
        {                       /* infile() turns "-" into "" */
            positive = FALSE;
            count = 1;
        }
        else if (strcmp(cp, "--") == 0)
        {
            positive = FALSE;
            count = 2;
        }
        else if (strcmp(cp, "+") == 0)
        {
            positive = TRUE;
            count = 1;
        }
        else if (strcmp(cp, "++") == 0)
        {
            positive = TRUE;
            count = 2;
        }
        else
        {
            error(_("illegal CORRECTION field on Leap line"));
            return;
        }
        if ((lp = byword(fields[LP_ROLL], leap_types)) == NULL)
        {
            error(_("illegal Rolling/Stationary field on Leap line"));
            return;
        }
        leapadd(tadd(t, tod), positive, lp->l_value, count);
    }
}

static void
inlink(char **fields, int nfields)
{
    struct link l;

    if (nfields != LINK_FIELDS)
    {
        error(_("wrong number of fields on Link line"));
        return;
    }
    if (*fields[LF_FROM] == '\0')
    {
        error(_("blank FROM field on Link line"));
        return;
    }
    if (*fields[LF_TO] == '\0')
    {
        error(_("blank TO field on Link line"));
        return;
    }
    l.l_filename = filename;
    l.l_linenum = linenum;
    l.l_from = ecpyalloc(fields[LF_FROM]);
    l.l_to = ecpyalloc(fields[LF_TO]);
    links = (struct link *) (void *) erealloc((char *) links,
                                       (int) ((nlinks + 1) * sizeof *links));
    links[nlinks++] = l;
}

static void
rulesub(struct rule * rp, const char *loyearp, const char *hiyearp,
        const char *typep, const char *monthp, const char *dayp,
        const char *timep)
{
    const struct lookup *lp;
    const char *cp;
    char       *dp;
    char       *ep;

    if ((lp = byword(monthp, mon_names)) == NULL)
    {
        error(_("invalid month name"));
        return;
    }
    rp->r_month = lp->l_value;
    rp->r_todisstd = FALSE;
    rp->r_todisgmt = FALSE;
    dp = ecpyalloc(timep);
    if (*dp != '\0')
    {
        ep = dp + strlen(dp) - 1;
        switch (lowerit(*ep))
        {
            case 's':           /* Standard */
                rp->r_todisstd = TRUE;
                rp->r_todisgmt = FALSE;
                *ep = '\0';
                break;
            case 'w':           /* Wall */
                rp->r_todisstd = FALSE;
                rp->r_todisgmt = FALSE;
                *ep = '\0';
                break;
            case 'g':           /* Greenwich */
            case 'u':           /* Universal */
            case 'z':           /* Zulu */
                rp->r_todisstd = TRUE;
                rp->r_todisgmt = TRUE;
                *ep = '\0';
                break;
        }
    }
    rp->r_tod = gethms(dp, _("invalid time of day"), FALSE);
    ifree(dp);

    /*
     * Year work.
     */
    cp = loyearp;
    lp = byword(cp, begin_years);
    rp->r_lowasnum = lp == NULL;
    if (!rp->r_lowasnum)
        switch ((int) lp->l_value)
        {
            case YR_MINIMUM:
                rp->r_loyear = INT_MIN;
                break;
            case YR_MAXIMUM:
                rp->r_loyear = INT_MAX;
                break;
            default:            /* "cannot happen" */
                (void) fprintf(stderr,
                               _("%s: panic: Invalid l_value %d\n"),
                               progname, lp->l_value);
                exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
        }
    else if (sscanf(cp, scheck(cp, "%d"), &rp->r_loyear) != 1)
    {
        error(_("invalid starting year"));
        return;
    }
    cp = hiyearp;
    lp = byword(cp, end_years);
    rp->r_hiwasnum = lp == NULL;
    if (!rp->r_hiwasnum)
        switch ((int) lp->l_value)
        {
            case YR_MINIMUM:
                rp->r_hiyear = INT_MIN;
                break;
            case YR_MAXIMUM:
                rp->r_hiyear = INT_MAX;
                break;
            case YR_ONLY:
                rp->r_hiyear = rp->r_loyear;
                break;
            default:            /* "cannot happen" */
                (void) fprintf(stderr,
                               _("%s: panic: Invalid l_value %d\n"),
                               progname, lp->l_value);
                exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
        }
    else if (sscanf(cp, scheck(cp, "%d"), &rp->r_hiyear) != 1)
    {
        error(_("invalid ending year"));
        return;
    }
    if (rp->r_loyear > rp->r_hiyear)
    {
        error(_("starting year greater than ending year"));
        return;
    }
    if (*typep == '\0')
        rp->r_yrtype = NULL;
    else
    {
        if (rp->r_loyear == rp->r_hiyear)
        {
            error(_("typed single year"));
            return;
        }
        rp->r_yrtype = ecpyalloc(typep);
    }

    /*
     * Day work. Accept things such as:  1  last-Sunday  Sun<=20  Sun>=7
     */
    dp = ecpyalloc(dayp);
    if ((lp = byword(dp, lasts)) != NULL)
    {
        rp->r_dycode = DC_DOWLEQ;
        rp->r_wday = lp->l_value;
        rp->r_dayofmonth = len_months[1][rp->r_month];
    }
    else
    {
        if ((ep = strchr(dp, '<')) != NULL)
            rp->r_dycode = DC_DOWLEQ;
        else if ((ep = strchr(dp, '>')) != NULL)
            rp->r_dycode = DC_DOWGEQ;
        else
        {
            ep = dp;
            rp->r_dycode = DC_DOM;
        }
        if (rp->r_dycode != DC_DOM)
        {
            *ep++ = 0;
            if (*ep++ != '=')
            {
                error(_("invalid day of month"));
                ifree(dp);
                return;
            }
            if ((lp = byword(dp, wday_names)) == NULL)
            {
                error(_("invalid weekday name"));
                ifree(dp);
                return;
            }
            rp->r_wday = lp->l_value;
        }
        if (sscanf(ep, scheck(ep, "%d"), &rp->r_dayofmonth) != 1 ||
            rp->r_dayofmonth <= 0 ||
            (rp->r_dayofmonth > len_months[1][rp->r_month]))
        {
            error(_("invalid day of month"));
            ifree(dp);
            return;
        }
    }
    ifree(dp);
}

static void
convert(long val, char *buf)
{
    int         i;
    int         shift;

    for (i = 0, shift = 24; i < 4; ++i, shift -= 8)
        buf[i] = val >> shift;
}

static void
convert64(zic_t val, char *buf)
{
    int         i;
    int         shift;

    for (i = 0, shift = 56; i < 8; ++i, shift -= 8)
        buf[i] = val >> shift;
}

static void
puttzcode(long val, FILE *fp)
{
    char        buf[4];

    convert(val, buf);
    (void) fwrite((void *) buf, (size_t) sizeof buf, (size_t) 1, fp);
}

static void
puttzcode64(zic_t val, FILE *fp)
{
    char        buf[8];

    convert64(val, buf);
    (void) fwrite((void *) buf, (size_t) sizeof buf, (size_t) 1, fp);
}

static int
atcomp(const void *avp, const void *bvp)
{
    const zic_t a = ((const struct attype *) avp)->at;
    const zic_t b = ((const struct attype *) bvp)->at;

    return (a < b) ? -1 : (a > b);
}

static int
is32(zic_t x)
{
    return x == ((zic_t) ((int32) x));
}

static void
writezone(const char *name, const char *string)
{
    FILE       *fp;
    int         i,
                j;
    int         leapcnt32,
                leapi32;
    int         timecnt32,
                timei32;
    int         pass;
    static char *fullname;
    static const struct tzhead tzh0;
    static struct tzhead tzh;
    zic_t       ats[TZ_MAX_TIMES];
    unsigned char types[TZ_MAX_TIMES];

    /*
     * Sort.
     */
    if (timecnt > 1)
        (void) qsort((void *) attypes, (size_t) timecnt,
                     (size_t) sizeof *attypes, atcomp);

    /*
     * Optimize.
     */
    {
        int         fromi;
        int         toi;

        toi = 0;
        fromi = 0;
        while (fromi < timecnt && attypes[fromi].at < min_time)
            ++fromi;
        if (isdsts[0] == 0)
            while (fromi < timecnt && attypes[fromi].type == 0)
                ++fromi;        /* handled by default rule */
        for (; fromi < timecnt; ++fromi)
        {
            if (toi != 0
                && ((attypes[fromi].at
                     + gmtoffs[attypes[toi - 1].type])
                    <= (attypes[toi - 1].at
                        + gmtoffs[toi == 1 ? 0
                                  : attypes[toi - 2].type])))
            {
                attypes[toi - 1].type = attypes[fromi].type;
                continue;
            }
            if (toi == 0 ||
                attypes[toi - 1].type != attypes[fromi].type)
                attypes[toi++] = attypes[fromi];
        }
        timecnt = toi;
    }

    /*
     * Transfer.
     */
    for (i = 0; i < timecnt; ++i)
    {
        ats[i] = attypes[i].at;
        types[i] = attypes[i].type;
    }

    /*
     * Correct for leap seconds.
     */
    for (i = 0; i < timecnt; ++i)
    {
        j = leapcnt;
        while (--j >= 0)
            if (ats[i] > trans[j] - corr[j])
            {
                ats[i] = tadd(ats[i], corr[j]);
                break;
            }
    }

    /*
     * Figure out 32-bit-limited starts and counts.
     */
    timecnt32 = timecnt;
    timei32 = 0;
    leapcnt32 = leapcnt;
    leapi32 = 0;
    while (timecnt32 > 0 && !is32(ats[timecnt32 - 1]))
        --timecnt32;
    while (timecnt32 > 0 && !is32(ats[timei32]))
    {
        --timecnt32;
        ++timei32;
    }
    while (leapcnt32 > 0 && !is32(trans[leapcnt32 - 1]))
        --leapcnt32;
    while (leapcnt32 > 0 && !is32(trans[leapi32]))
    {
        --leapcnt32;
        ++leapi32;
    }
    fullname = erealloc(fullname,
                        (int) (strlen(directory) + 1 + strlen(name) + 1));
    (void) sprintf(fullname, "%s/%s", directory, name);

    /*
     * Remove old file, if any, to snap links.
     */
    if (!itsdir(fullname) && remove(fullname) != 0 && errno != ENOENT)
    {
        const char *e = strerror(errno);

        (void) fprintf(stderr, _("%s: Cannot remove %s: %s\n"),
                       progname, fullname, e);
        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
    }
    if ((fp = fopen(fullname, "wb")) == NULL)
    {
        if (mkdirs(fullname) != 0)
            (void) exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
        if ((fp = fopen(fullname, "wb")) == NULL)
        {
            const char *e = strerror(errno);

            (void) fprintf(stderr, _("%s: Cannot create %s: %s\n"),
                           progname, fullname, e);
            exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
        }
    }
    for (pass = 1; pass <= 2; ++pass)
    {
        register int thistimei,
                    thistimecnt;
        register int thisleapi,
                    thisleapcnt;
        register int thistimelim,
                    thisleaplim;
        int         writetype[TZ_MAX_TIMES];
        int         typemap[TZ_MAX_TYPES];
        register int thistypecnt;
        char        thischars[TZ_MAX_CHARS];
        char        thischarcnt;
        int         indmap[TZ_MAX_CHARS];

        if (pass == 1)
        {
            thistimei = timei32;
            thistimecnt = timecnt32;
            thisleapi = leapi32;
            thisleapcnt = leapcnt32;
        }
        else
        {
            thistimei = 0;
            thistimecnt = timecnt;
            thisleapi = 0;
            thisleapcnt = leapcnt;
        }
        thistimelim = thistimei + thistimecnt;
        thisleaplim = thisleapi + thisleapcnt;
        for (i = 0; i < typecnt; ++i)
            writetype[i] = thistimecnt == timecnt;
        if (thistimecnt == 0)
        {
            /*
             * * No transition times fall in the current * (32- or 64-bit)
             * window.
             */
            if (typecnt != 0)
                writetype[typecnt - 1] = TRUE;
        }
        else
        {
            for (i = thistimei - 1; i < thistimelim; ++i)
                if (i >= 0)
                    writetype[types[i]] = TRUE;

            /*
             * * For America/Godthab and Antarctica/Palmer
             */
            if (thistimei == 0)
                writetype[0] = TRUE;
        }
        thistypecnt = 0;
        for (i = 0; i < typecnt; ++i)
            typemap[i] = writetype[i] ? thistypecnt++ : -1;
        for (i = 0; i < sizeof indmap / sizeof indmap[0]; ++i)
            indmap[i] = -1;
        thischarcnt = 0;
        for (i = 0; i < typecnt; ++i)
        {
            register char *thisabbr;

            if (!writetype[i])
                continue;
            if (indmap[abbrinds[i]] >= 0)
                continue;
            thisabbr = &chars[abbrinds[i]];
            for (j = 0; j < thischarcnt; ++j)
                if (strcmp(&thischars[j], thisabbr) == 0)
                    break;
            if (j == thischarcnt)
            {
                (void) strcpy(&thischars[(int) thischarcnt],
                              thisabbr);
                thischarcnt += strlen(thisabbr) + 1;
            }
            indmap[abbrinds[i]] = j;
        }
#define DO(field)   (void) fwrite((void *) tzh.field, \
                (size_t) sizeof tzh.field, (size_t) 1, fp)
        tzh = tzh0;
        (void) strncpy(tzh.tzh_magic, TZ_MAGIC, sizeof tzh.tzh_magic);
        tzh.tzh_version[0] = ZIC_VERSION;
        convert(eitol(thistypecnt), tzh.tzh_ttisgmtcnt);
        convert(eitol(thistypecnt), tzh.tzh_ttisstdcnt);
        convert(eitol(thisleapcnt), tzh.tzh_leapcnt);
        convert(eitol(thistimecnt), tzh.tzh_timecnt);
        convert(eitol(thistypecnt), tzh.tzh_typecnt);
        convert(eitol(thischarcnt), tzh.tzh_charcnt);
        DO(tzh_magic);
        DO(tzh_version);
        DO(tzh_reserved);
        DO(tzh_ttisgmtcnt);
        DO(tzh_ttisstdcnt);
        DO(tzh_leapcnt);
        DO(tzh_timecnt);
        DO(tzh_typecnt);
        DO(tzh_charcnt);
#undef DO
        for (i = thistimei; i < thistimelim; ++i)
            if (pass == 1)
                puttzcode((long) ats[i], fp);
            else
                puttzcode64(ats[i], fp);
        for (i = thistimei; i < thistimelim; ++i)
        {
            unsigned char uc;

            uc = typemap[types[i]];
            (void) fwrite((void *) &uc,
                          (size_t) sizeof uc,
                          (size_t) 1,
                          fp);
        }
        for (i = 0; i < typecnt; ++i)
            if (writetype[i])
            {
                puttzcode(gmtoffs[i], fp);
                (void) putc(isdsts[i], fp);
                (void) putc((unsigned char) indmap[abbrinds[i]], fp);

                /* Print current timezone abbreviations if requested */
                if (print_abbrevs && pass == 2 &&
                    (ats[i] >= print_cutoff || i == typecnt - 1))
                {
                    char *thisabbrev = &thischars[indmap[abbrinds[i]]];

                    /* filter out assorted junk entries */
                    if (strcmp(thisabbrev, GRANDPARENTED) != 0 &&
                        strcmp(thisabbrev, "zzz") != 0)
                        fprintf(stdout, "%s\t%ld%s\n",
                                thisabbrev,
                                gmtoffs[i],
                                isdsts[i] ? "\tD" : "");
                }
            }
        if (thischarcnt != 0)
            (void) fwrite((void *) thischars,
                          (size_t) sizeof thischars[0],
                          (size_t) thischarcnt, fp);
        for (i = thisleapi; i < thisleaplim; ++i)
        {
            register zic_t todo;

            if (roll[i])
            {
                if (timecnt == 0 || trans[i] < ats[0])
                {
                    j = 0;
                    while (isdsts[j])
                        if (++j >= typecnt)
                        {
                            j = 0;
                            break;
                        }
                }
                else
                {
                    j = 1;
                    while (j < timecnt &&
                           trans[i] >= ats[j])
                        ++j;
                    j = types[j - 1];
                }
                todo = tadd(trans[i], -gmtoffs[j]);
            }
            else
                todo = trans[i];
            if (pass == 1)
                puttzcode((long) todo, fp);
            else
                puttzcode64(todo, fp);
            puttzcode(corr[i], fp);
        }
        for (i = 0; i < typecnt; ++i)
            if (writetype[i])
                (void) putc(ttisstds[i], fp);
        for (i = 0; i < typecnt; ++i)
            if (writetype[i])
                (void) putc(ttisgmts[i], fp);
    }
    (void) fprintf(fp, "\n%s\n", string);
    if (ferror(fp) || fclose(fp))
    {
        (void) fprintf(stderr, _("%s: Error writing %s\n"),
                       progname, fullname);
        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
    }
}

static void
doabbr(char *abbr, const char *format, const char *letters, int isdst,
       int doquotes)
{
    char       *cp;
    char       *slashp;
    int         len;

    slashp = strchr(format, '/');
    if (slashp == NULL)
    {
        if (letters == NULL)
            (void) strcpy(abbr, format);
        else
            (void) sprintf(abbr, format, letters);
    }
    else if (isdst)
        (void) strcpy(abbr, slashp + 1);
    else
    {
        if (slashp > format)
            (void) strncpy(abbr, format,
                           (unsigned) (slashp - format));
        abbr[slashp - format] = '\0';
    }
    if (!doquotes)
        return;
    for (cp = abbr; *cp != '\0'; ++cp)
        if (strchr("ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ", *cp) == NULL &&
            strchr("abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz", *cp) == NULL)
            break;
    len = strlen(abbr);
    if (len > 0 && *cp == '\0')
        return;
    abbr[len + 2] = '\0';
    abbr[len + 1] = '>';
    for (; len > 0; --len)
        abbr[len] = abbr[len - 1];
    abbr[0] = '<';
}

static void
updateminmax(int x)
{
    if (min_year > x)
        min_year = x;
    if (max_year < x)
        max_year = x;
}

static int
stringoffset(char *result, long offset)
{
    int         hours;
    int         minutes;
    int         seconds;

    result[0] = '\0';
    if (offset < 0)
    {
        (void) strcpy(result, "-");
        offset = -offset;
    }
    seconds = offset % SECSPERMIN;
    offset /= SECSPERMIN;
    minutes = offset % MINSPERHOUR;
    offset /= MINSPERHOUR;
    hours = offset;
    if (hours >= HOURSPERDAY)
    {
        result[0] = '\0';
        return -1;
    }
    (void) sprintf(end(result), "%d", hours);
    if (minutes != 0 || seconds != 0)
    {
        (void) sprintf(end(result), ":%02d", minutes);
        if (seconds != 0)
            (void) sprintf(end(result), ":%02d", seconds);
    }
    return 0;
}

static int
stringrule(char *result, const struct rule * rp, long dstoff, long gmtoff)
{
    long        tod;

    result = end(result);
    if (rp->r_dycode == DC_DOM)
    {
        int         month,
                    total;

        if (rp->r_dayofmonth == 29 && rp->r_month == TM_FEBRUARY)
            return -1;
        total = 0;
        for (month = 0; month < rp->r_month; ++month)
            total += len_months[0][month];
        (void) sprintf(result, "J%d", total + rp->r_dayofmonth);
    }
    else
    {
        int         week;

        if (rp->r_dycode == DC_DOWGEQ)
        {
            week = 1 + rp->r_dayofmonth / DAYSPERWEEK;
            if ((week - 1) * DAYSPERWEEK + 1 != rp->r_dayofmonth)
                return -1;
        }
        else if (rp->r_dycode == DC_DOWLEQ)
        {
            if (rp->r_dayofmonth == len_months[1][rp->r_month])
                week = 5;
            else
            {
                week = 1 + rp->r_dayofmonth / DAYSPERWEEK;
                if (week * DAYSPERWEEK - 1 != rp->r_dayofmonth)
                    return -1;
            }
        }
        else
            return -1;          /* "cannot happen" */
        (void) sprintf(result, "M%d.%d.%d",
                       rp->r_month + 1, week, rp->r_wday);
    }
    tod = rp->r_tod;
    if (rp->r_todisgmt)
        tod += gmtoff;
    if (rp->r_todisstd && rp->r_stdoff == 0)
        tod += dstoff;
    if (tod < 0)
    {
        result[0] = '\0';
        return -1;
    }
    if (tod != 2 * SECSPERMIN * MINSPERHOUR)
    {
        (void) strcat(result, "/");
        if (stringoffset(end(result), tod) != 0)
            return -1;
    }
    return 0;
}

static void
stringzone(char *result, const struct zone * zpfirst, int zonecount)
{
    const struct zone *zp;
    struct rule *rp;
    struct rule *stdrp;
    struct rule *dstrp;
    int         i;
    const char *abbrvar;

    result[0] = '\0';
    zp = zpfirst + zonecount - 1;
    stdrp = dstrp = NULL;
    for (i = 0; i < zp->z_nrules; ++i)
    {
        rp = &zp->z_rules[i];
        if (rp->r_hiwasnum || rp->r_hiyear != INT_MAX)
            continue;
        if (rp->r_yrtype != NULL)
            continue;
        if (rp->r_stdoff == 0)
        {
            if (stdrp == NULL)
                stdrp = rp;
            else
                return;
        }
        else
        {
            if (dstrp == NULL)
                dstrp = rp;
            else
                return;
        }
    }
    if (stdrp == NULL && dstrp == NULL)
    {
        /*
         * There are no rules running through "max". Let's find the latest
         * rule.
         */
        for (i = 0; i < zp->z_nrules; ++i)
        {
            rp = &zp->z_rules[i];
            if (stdrp == NULL || rp->r_hiyear > stdrp->r_hiyear ||
                (rp->r_hiyear == stdrp->r_hiyear &&
                 rp->r_month > stdrp->r_month))
                stdrp = rp;
        }
        if (stdrp != NULL && stdrp->r_stdoff != 0)
            return;             /* We end up in DST (a POSIX no-no). */

        /*
         * Horrid special case: if year is 2037, presume this is a zone
         * handled on a year-by-year basis; do not try to apply a rule to the
         * zone.
         */
        if (stdrp != NULL && stdrp->r_hiyear == 2037)
            return;
    }
    if (stdrp == NULL && (zp->z_nrules != 0 || zp->z_stdoff != 0))
        return;
    abbrvar = (stdrp == NULL) ? "" : stdrp->r_abbrvar;
    doabbr(result, zp->z_format, abbrvar, FALSE, TRUE);
    if (stringoffset(end(result), -zp->z_gmtoff) != 0)
    {
        result[0] = '\0';
        return;
    }
    if (dstrp == NULL)
        return;
    doabbr(end(result), zp->z_format, dstrp->r_abbrvar, TRUE, TRUE);
    if (dstrp->r_stdoff != SECSPERMIN * MINSPERHOUR)
        if (stringoffset(end(result),
                         -(zp->z_gmtoff + dstrp->r_stdoff)) != 0)
        {
            result[0] = '\0';
            return;
        }
    (void) strcat(result, ",");
    if (stringrule(result, dstrp, dstrp->r_stdoff, zp->z_gmtoff) != 0)
    {
        result[0] = '\0';
        return;
    }
    (void) strcat(result, ",");
    if (stringrule(result, stdrp, dstrp->r_stdoff, zp->z_gmtoff) != 0)
    {
        result[0] = '\0';
        return;
    }
}

static void
outzone(const struct zone * zpfirst, int zonecount)
{
    const struct zone *zp;
    struct rule *rp;
    int         i,
                j;
    int         usestart,
                useuntil;
    zic_t       starttime = 0;
    zic_t       untiltime = 0;
    long        gmtoff;
    long        stdoff;
    int         year;
    long        startoff;
    int         startttisstd;
    int         startttisgmt;
    int         type;
    char       *startbuf;
    char       *ab;
    char       *envvar;
    int         max_abbr_len;
    int         max_envvar_len;

    max_abbr_len = 2 + max_format_len + max_abbrvar_len;
    max_envvar_len = 2 * max_abbr_len + 5 * 9;
    startbuf = emalloc(max_abbr_len + 1);
    ab = emalloc(max_abbr_len + 1);
    envvar = emalloc(max_envvar_len + 1);

    /*
     * Now. . .finally. . .generate some useful data!
     */
    timecnt = 0;
    typecnt = 0;
    charcnt = 0;

    /*
     * Thanks to Earl Chew for noting the need to unconditionally initialize
     * startttisstd.
     */
    startttisstd = FALSE;
    startttisgmt = FALSE;
    min_year = max_year = EPOCH_YEAR;
    if (leapseen)
    {
        updateminmax(leapminyear);
        updateminmax(leapmaxyear + (leapmaxyear < INT_MAX));
    }
    for (i = 0; i < zonecount; ++i)
    {
        zp = &zpfirst[i];
        if (i < zonecount - 1)
            updateminmax(zp->z_untilrule.r_loyear);
        for (j = 0; j < zp->z_nrules; ++j)
        {
            rp = &zp->z_rules[j];
            if (rp->r_lowasnum)
                updateminmax(rp->r_loyear);
            if (rp->r_hiwasnum)
                updateminmax(rp->r_hiyear);
        }
    }

    /*
     * Generate lots of data if a rule can't cover all future times.
     */
    stringzone(envvar, zpfirst, zonecount);
    if (noise && envvar[0] == '\0')
    {
        char       *wp;

        wp = ecpyalloc(_("no POSIX environment variable for zone"));
        wp = ecatalloc(wp, " ");
        wp = ecatalloc(wp, zpfirst->z_name);
        warning(wp);
        ifree(wp);
    }
    if (envvar[0] == '\0')
    {
        if (min_year >= INT_MIN + YEARSPERREPEAT)
            min_year -= YEARSPERREPEAT;
        else
            min_year = INT_MIN;
        if (max_year <= INT_MAX - YEARSPERREPEAT)
            max_year += YEARSPERREPEAT;
        else
            max_year = INT_MAX;
    }

    /*
     * For the benefit of older systems, generate data from 1900 through 2037.
     */
    if (min_year > 1900)
        min_year = 1900;
    if (max_year < 2037)
        max_year = 2037;
    for (i = 0; i < zonecount; ++i)
    {
        /*
         * A guess that may well be corrected later.
         */
        stdoff = 0;
        zp = &zpfirst[i];
        usestart = i > 0 && (zp - 1)->z_untiltime > min_time;
        useuntil = i < (zonecount - 1);
        if (useuntil && zp->z_untiltime <= min_time)
            continue;
        gmtoff = zp->z_gmtoff;
        eat(zp->z_filename, zp->z_linenum);
        *startbuf = '\0';
        startoff = zp->z_gmtoff;
        if (zp->z_nrules == 0)
        {
            stdoff = zp->z_stdoff;
            doabbr(startbuf, zp->z_format,
                   (char *) NULL, stdoff != 0, FALSE);
            type = addtype(oadd(zp->z_gmtoff, stdoff),
                           startbuf, stdoff != 0, startttisstd,
                           startttisgmt);
            if (usestart)
            {
                addtt(starttime, type);
                usestart = FALSE;
            }
            else if (stdoff != 0)
                addtt(min_time, type);
        }
        else
            for (year = min_year; year <= max_year; ++year)
            {
                if (useuntil && year > zp->z_untilrule.r_hiyear)
                    break;

                /*
                 * Mark which rules to do in the current year. For those to
                 * do, calculate rpytime(rp, year);
                 */
                for (j = 0; j < zp->z_nrules; ++j)
                {
                    rp = &zp->z_rules[j];
                    eats(zp->z_filename, zp->z_linenum,
                         rp->r_filename, rp->r_linenum);
                    rp->r_todo = year >= rp->r_loyear &&
                        year <= rp->r_hiyear &&
                        yearistype(year, rp->r_yrtype);
                    if (rp->r_todo)
                        rp->r_temp = rpytime(rp, year);
                }
                for (;;)
                {
                    int         k;
                    zic_t       jtime,
                                ktime = 0;
                    long        offset;

                    if (useuntil)
                    {
                        /*
                         * Turn untiltime into UTC assuming the current gmtoff
                         * and stdoff values.
                         */
                        untiltime = zp->z_untiltime;
                        if (!zp->z_untilrule.r_todisgmt)
                            untiltime = tadd(untiltime,
                                             -gmtoff);
                        if (!zp->z_untilrule.r_todisstd)
                            untiltime = tadd(untiltime,
                                             -stdoff);
                    }

                    /*
                     * Find the rule (of those to do, if any) that takes
                     * effect earliest in the year.
                     */
                    k = -1;
                    for (j = 0; j < zp->z_nrules; ++j)
                    {
                        rp = &zp->z_rules[j];
                        if (!rp->r_todo)
                            continue;
                        eats(zp->z_filename, zp->z_linenum,
                             rp->r_filename, rp->r_linenum);
                        offset = rp->r_todisgmt ? 0 : gmtoff;
                        if (!rp->r_todisstd)
                            offset = oadd(offset, stdoff);
                        jtime = rp->r_temp;
                        if (jtime == min_time ||
                            jtime == max_time)
                            continue;
                        jtime = tadd(jtime, -offset);
                        if (k < 0 || jtime < ktime)
                        {
                            k = j;
                            ktime = jtime;
                        }
                    }
                    if (k < 0)
                        break;  /* go on to next year */
                    rp = &zp->z_rules[k];
                    rp->r_todo = FALSE;
                    if (useuntil && ktime >= untiltime)
                        break;
                    stdoff = rp->r_stdoff;
                    if (usestart && ktime == starttime)
                        usestart = FALSE;
                    if (usestart)
                    {
                        if (ktime < starttime)
                        {
                            startoff = oadd(zp->z_gmtoff,
                                            stdoff);
                            doabbr(startbuf, zp->z_format,
                                   rp->r_abbrvar,
                                   rp->r_stdoff != 0,
                                   FALSE);
                            continue;
                        }
                        if (*startbuf == '\0' &&
                            startoff == oadd(zp->z_gmtoff, stdoff))
                        {
                            doabbr(startbuf,
                                   zp->z_format,
                                   rp->r_abbrvar,
                                   rp->r_stdoff !=
                                   0,
                                   FALSE);
                        }
                    }
                    eats(zp->z_filename, zp->z_linenum,
                         rp->r_filename, rp->r_linenum);
                    doabbr(ab, zp->z_format, rp->r_abbrvar,
                           rp->r_stdoff != 0, FALSE);
                    offset = oadd(zp->z_gmtoff, rp->r_stdoff);
                    type = addtype(offset, ab, rp->r_stdoff != 0,
                                   rp->r_todisstd, rp->r_todisgmt);
                    addtt(ktime, type);
                }
            }
        if (usestart)
        {
            if (*startbuf == '\0' &&
                zp->z_format != NULL &&
                strchr(zp->z_format, '%') == NULL &&
                strchr(zp->z_format, '/') == NULL)
                (void) strcpy(startbuf, zp->z_format);
            eat(zp->z_filename, zp->z_linenum);
            if (*startbuf == '\0')
                error(_("cannot determine time zone abbreviation to use just after until time"));
            else
                addtt(starttime,
                      addtype(startoff, startbuf,
                              startoff != zp->z_gmtoff,
                              startttisstd,
                              startttisgmt));
        }

        /*
         * Now we may get to set starttime for the next zone line.
         */
        if (useuntil)
        {
            startttisstd = zp->z_untilrule.r_todisstd;
            startttisgmt = zp->z_untilrule.r_todisgmt;
            starttime = zp->z_untiltime;
            if (!startttisstd)
                starttime = tadd(starttime, -stdoff);
            if (!startttisgmt)
                starttime = tadd(starttime, -gmtoff);
        }
    }
    writezone(zpfirst->z_name, envvar);
    ifree(startbuf);
    ifree(ab);
    ifree(envvar);
}

static void
addtt(const zic_t starttime, int type)
{
    if (starttime <= min_time ||
        (timecnt == 1 && attypes[0].at < min_time))
    {
        gmtoffs[0] = gmtoffs[type];
        isdsts[0] = isdsts[type];
        ttisstds[0] = ttisstds[type];
        ttisgmts[0] = ttisgmts[type];
        if (abbrinds[type] != 0)
            (void) strcpy(chars, &chars[abbrinds[type]]);
        abbrinds[0] = 0;
        charcnt = strlen(chars) + 1;
        typecnt = 1;
        timecnt = 0;
        type = 0;
    }
    if (timecnt >= TZ_MAX_TIMES)
    {
        error(_("too many transitions?!"));
        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
    }
    attypes[timecnt].at = starttime;
    attypes[timecnt].type = type;
    ++timecnt;
}

static int
addtype(long gmtoff, const char *abbr, int isdst,
        int ttisstd, int ttisgmt)
{
    int         i;
    int         j;

    if (isdst != TRUE && isdst != FALSE)
    {
        error(_("internal error - addtype called with bad isdst"));
        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
    }
    if (ttisstd != TRUE && ttisstd != FALSE)
    {
        error(_("internal error - addtype called with bad ttisstd"));
        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
    }
    if (ttisgmt != TRUE && ttisgmt != FALSE)
    {
        error(_("internal error - addtype called with bad ttisgmt"));
        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
    }

    /*
     * See if there's already an entry for this zone type. If so, just return
     * its index.
     */
    for (i = 0; i < typecnt; ++i)
    {
        if (gmtoff == gmtoffs[i] && isdst == isdsts[i] &&
            strcmp(abbr, &chars[abbrinds[i]]) == 0 &&
            ttisstd == ttisstds[i] &&
            ttisgmt == ttisgmts[i])
            return i;
    }

    /*
     * There isn't one; add a new one, unless there are already too many.
     */
    if (typecnt >= TZ_MAX_TYPES)
    {
        error(_("too many local time types"));
        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
    }
    if (!(-1L - 2147483647L <= gmtoff && gmtoff <= 2147483647L))
    {
        error(_("UTC offset out of range"));
        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
    }
    gmtoffs[i] = gmtoff;
    isdsts[i] = isdst;
    ttisstds[i] = ttisstd;
    ttisgmts[i] = ttisgmt;

    for (j = 0; j < charcnt; ++j)
        if (strcmp(&chars[j], abbr) == 0)
            break;
    if (j == charcnt)
        newabbr(abbr);
    abbrinds[i] = j;
    ++typecnt;
    return i;
}

static void
leapadd(const zic_t t, int positive, int rolling, int count)
{
    int         i;
    int         j;

    if (leapcnt + (positive ? count : 1) > TZ_MAX_LEAPS)
    {
        error(_("too many leap seconds"));
        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
    }
    for (i = 0; i < leapcnt; ++i)
        if (t <= trans[i])
        {
            if (t == trans[i])
            {
                error(_("repeated leap second moment"));
                exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
            }
            break;
        }
    do
    {
        for (j = leapcnt; j > i; --j)
        {
            trans[j] = trans[j - 1];
            corr[j] = corr[j - 1];
            roll[j] = roll[j - 1];
        }
        trans[i] = t;
        corr[i] = positive ? 1L : eitol(-count);
        roll[i] = rolling;
        ++leapcnt;
    } while (positive && --count != 0);
}

static void
adjleap(void)
{
    int         i;
    long        last = 0;

    /*
     * propagate leap seconds forward
     */
    for (i = 0; i < leapcnt; ++i)
    {
        trans[i] = tadd(trans[i], last);
        last = corr[i] += last;
    }
}

static int
yearistype(int year, const char *type)
{
    static char *buf;
    int         result;

    if (type == NULL || *type == '\0')
        return TRUE;
    buf = erealloc(buf, (int) (132 + strlen(yitcommand) + strlen(type)));
    (void) sprintf(buf, "%s %d %s", yitcommand, year, type);
    result = system(buf);
    if (WIFEXITED(result))
        switch (WEXITSTATUS(result))
        {
            case 0:
                return TRUE;
            case 1:
                return FALSE;
        }
    error(_("Wild result from command execution"));
    (void) fprintf(stderr, _("%s: command was '%s', result was %d\n"),
                   progname, buf, result);
    for (;;)
        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}

static int
lowerit(int a)
{
    a = (unsigned char) a;
    return (isascii(a) && isupper(a)) ? tolower(a) : a;
}

static int
ciequal(const char *ap, const char *bp)
{
    while (lowerit(*ap) == lowerit(*bp++))
        if (*ap++ == '\0')
            return TRUE;
    return FALSE;
}

static int
itsabbr(const char *abbr, const char *word)
{
    if (lowerit(*abbr) != lowerit(*word))
        return FALSE;
    ++word;
    while (*++abbr != '\0')
        do
        {
            if (*word == '\0')
                return FALSE;
        } while (lowerit(*word++) != lowerit(*abbr));
    return TRUE;
}

static const struct lookup *
byword(const char *word, const struct lookup * table)
{
    const struct lookup *foundlp;
    const struct lookup *lp;

    if (word == NULL || table == NULL)
        return NULL;

    /*
     * Look for exact match.
     */
    for (lp = table; lp->l_word != NULL; ++lp)
        if (ciequal(word, lp->l_word))
            return lp;

    /*
     * Look for inexact match.
     */
    foundlp = NULL;
    for (lp = table; lp->l_word != NULL; ++lp)
        if (itsabbr(word, lp->l_word))
        {
            if (foundlp == NULL)
                foundlp = lp;
            else
                return NULL;    /* multiple inexact matches */
        }
    return foundlp;
}

static char **
getfields(char *cp)
{
    char       *dp;
    char      **array;
    int         nsubs;

    if (cp == NULL)
        return NULL;
    array = (char **) (void *)
        emalloc((int) ((strlen(cp) + 1) * sizeof *array));
    nsubs = 0;
    for (;;)
    {
        while (isascii((unsigned char) *cp) &&
               isspace((unsigned char) *cp))
            ++cp;
        if (*cp == '\0' || *cp == '#')
            break;
        array[nsubs++] = dp = cp;
        do
        {
            if ((*dp = *cp++) != '"')
                ++dp;
            else
                while ((*dp = *cp++) != '"')
                    if (*dp != '\0')
                        ++dp;
                    else
                    {
                        error(_("Odd number of quotation marks"));
                        exit(1);
                    }
        } while (*cp != '\0' && *cp != '#' &&
                 (!isascii(*cp) || !isspace((unsigned char) *cp)));
        if (isascii(*cp) && isspace((unsigned char) *cp))
            ++cp;
        *dp = '\0';
    }
    array[nsubs] = NULL;
    return array;
}

static long
oadd(long t1, long t2)
{
    long        t;

    t = t1 + t2;
    if ((t2 > 0 && t <= t1) || (t2 < 0 && t >= t1))
    {
        error(_("time overflow"));
        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
    }
    return t;
}

static zic_t
tadd(const zic_t t1, long t2)
{
    zic_t       t;

    if (t1 == max_time && t2 > 0)
        return max_time;
    if (t1 == min_time && t2 < 0)
        return min_time;
    t = t1 + t2;
    if ((t2 > 0 && t <= t1) || (t2 < 0 && t >= t1))
    {
        error(_("time overflow"));
        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
    }
    return t;
}

/*
 * Given a rule, and a year, compute the date - in seconds since January 1,
 * 1970, 00:00 LOCAL time - in that year that the rule refers to.
 */

static zic_t
rpytime(const struct rule * rp, int wantedy)
{
    int         y,
                m,
                i;
    long        dayoff;         /* with a nod to Margaret O. */
    zic_t       t;

    if (wantedy == INT_MIN)
        return min_time;
    if (wantedy == INT_MAX)
        return max_time;
    dayoff = 0;
    m = TM_JANUARY;
    y = EPOCH_YEAR;
    while (wantedy != y)
    {
        if (wantedy > y)
        {
            i = len_years[isleap(y)];
            ++y;
        }
        else
        {
            --y;
            i = -len_years[isleap(y)];
        }
        dayoff = oadd(dayoff, eitol(i));
    }
    while (m != rp->r_month)
    {
        i = len_months[isleap(y)][m];
        dayoff = oadd(dayoff, eitol(i));
        ++m;
    }
    i = rp->r_dayofmonth;
    if (m == TM_FEBRUARY && i == 29 && !isleap(y))
    {
        if (rp->r_dycode == DC_DOWLEQ)
            --i;
        else
        {
            error(_("use of 2/29 in non leap-year"));
            exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
        }
    }
    --i;
    dayoff = oadd(dayoff, eitol(i));
    if (rp->r_dycode == DC_DOWGEQ || rp->r_dycode == DC_DOWLEQ)
    {
        long        wday;

#define LDAYSPERWEEK    ((long) DAYSPERWEEK)
        wday = eitol(EPOCH_WDAY);

        /*
         * Don't trust mod of negative numbers.
         */
        if (dayoff >= 0)
            wday = (wday + dayoff) % LDAYSPERWEEK;
        else
        {
            wday -= ((-dayoff) % LDAYSPERWEEK);
            if (wday < 0)
                wday += LDAYSPERWEEK;
        }
        while (wday != eitol(rp->r_wday))
            if (rp->r_dycode == DC_DOWGEQ)
            {
                dayoff = oadd(dayoff, (long) 1);
                if (++wday >= LDAYSPERWEEK)
                    wday = 0;
                ++i;
            }
            else
            {
                dayoff = oadd(dayoff, (long) -1);
                if (--wday < 0)
                    wday = LDAYSPERWEEK - 1;
                --i;
            }
        if (i < 0 || i >= len_months[isleap(y)][m])
        {
            if (noise)
                warning(_("rule goes past start/end of month--\
will not work with pre-2004 versions of zic"));
        }
    }
    if (dayoff < min_time / SECSPERDAY)
        return min_time;
    if (dayoff > max_time / SECSPERDAY)
        return max_time;
    t = (zic_t) dayoff *SECSPERDAY;

    return tadd(t, rp->r_tod);
}

static void
newabbr(const char *string)
{
    int         i;

    if (strcmp(string, GRANDPARENTED) != 0)
    {
        const char *cp;
        char       *wp;

        /*
         * Want one to ZIC_MAX_ABBR_LEN_WO_WARN alphabetics optionally
         * followed by a + or - and a number from 1 to 14.
         */
        cp = string;
        wp = NULL;
        while (isascii((unsigned char) *cp) &&
               isalpha((unsigned char) *cp))
            ++cp;
        if (cp - string == 0)
            wp = _("time zone abbreviation lacks alphabetic at start");
        if (noise && cp - string > 3)
            wp = _("time zone abbreviation has more than 3 alphabetics");
        if (cp - string > ZIC_MAX_ABBR_LEN_WO_WARN)
            wp = _("time zone abbreviation has too many alphabetics");
        if (wp == NULL && (*cp == '+' || *cp == '-'))
        {
            ++cp;
            if (isascii((unsigned char) *cp) &&
                isdigit((unsigned char) *cp))
                if (*cp++ == '1' &&
                    *cp >= '0' && *cp <= '4')
                    ++cp;
        }
        if (*cp != '\0')
            wp = _("time zone abbreviation differs from POSIX standard");
        if (wp != NULL)
        {
            wp = ecpyalloc(wp);
            wp = ecatalloc(wp, " (");
            wp = ecatalloc(wp, string);
            wp = ecatalloc(wp, ")");
            warning(wp);
            ifree(wp);
        }
    }
    i = strlen(string) + 1;
    if (charcnt + i > TZ_MAX_CHARS)
    {
        error(_("too many, or too long, time zone abbreviations"));
        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
    }
    (void) strcpy(&chars[charcnt], string);
    charcnt += eitol(i);
}

static int
mkdirs(char *argname)
{
    char       *name;
    char       *cp;

    if (argname == NULL || *argname == '\0')
        return 0;
    cp = name = ecpyalloc(argname);
    while ((cp = strchr(cp + 1, '/')) != NULL)
    {
        *cp = '\0';
#ifdef WIN32

        /*
         * DOS drive specifier?
         */
        if (isalpha((unsigned char) name[0]) &&
            name[1] == ':' && name[2] == '\0')
        {
            *cp = '/';
            continue;
        }
#endif   /* WIN32 */
        if (!itsdir(name))
        {
            /*
             * It doesn't seem to exist, so we try to create it. Creation may
             * fail because of the directory being created by some other
             * multiprocessor, so we get to do extra checking.
             */
            if (mkdir(name, MKDIR_UMASK) != 0)
            {
                const char *e = strerror(errno);

                if (errno != EEXIST || !itsdir(name))
                {
                    (void) fprintf(stderr,
                                   _("%s: Cannot create directory %s: %s\n"),
                                   progname, name, e);
                    ifree(name);
                    return -1;
                }
            }
        }
        *cp = '/';
    }
    ifree(name);
    return 0;
}

static long
eitol(int i)
{
    long        l;

    l = i;
    if ((i < 0 && l >= 0) || (i == 0 && l != 0) || (i > 0 && l <= 0))
    {
        (void) fprintf(stderr,
                       _("%s: %d did not sign extend correctly\n"),
                       progname, i);
        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
    }
    return l;
}

/*
 * UNIX was a registered trademark of The Open Group in 2003.
 */


#ifdef WIN32
/*
 * To run on win32
 */
int
link(const char *oldpath, const char *newpath)
{
    if (!CopyFile(oldpath, newpath, FALSE))
        return -1;
    return 0;
}
#endif

/*
 *  This allows zic to compile by just returning a dummy value.
 *  localtime.c references it, but no one uses it from zic.
 */
int
pg_open_tzfile(const char *name, char *canonname)
{
    return -1;
}