Entry

7.2.1. Uso simple

Los widgets de «entry» le permiten al usuario introducir texto. Puede cambiar el contenido con el método set_text(), y leer el contenido actual con el método get_text().

Ocasionalmente querrá definir un widget Entry como sólo lectura. Esto se puede hacer pasándole false al método set_editable().

Para introducir contraseñas, frases de paso, y otra información que no quiera que aparezca en la pantalla, llamar a set_visibility con false hará que el texto permanezca oculto.

You might want to be notified whenever the user types in a text entry widget. Gtk::Entry provides two signals, activate and changed, for this purpose. activate is emitted when the user presses the Enter key in a text-entry widget; changed is emitted when the text in the widget changes. You can use these, for instance, to validate or filter the text the user types. Moving the keyboard focus to another widget may also signal that the user has finished entering text. The focus_out_event signal that Gtk::Entry inherits from Gtk::Widget can notify you when that happens. The ComboBox with an Entry section contains example programs that use these signals.

Si le pasa true al método set_activates_default(), pulsar Intro en el Gtk::Entry activará el widget predeterminado para la ventana que contiene al Gtk::Entry. Esto es especialmente útil en cuadros de diálogo. El widget predeterminado es generalmente uno de los botones del diálogo, que, por ejemplo, cerrará el cuadro de diálogo. Para establecer un widget como predeterminado, use Gtk::Widget::set_can_default() y Gtk::Widget::grab_default().

Referencia

7.2.1.1. Ejemplo simple de «Entry»

Este ejemplo usa Gtk::Entry. También tiene dos CheckButton, con los que puede conmutar las opciones «editable» y «visible».

Figura 7-2 Entry

Código fuente

File: examplewindow.h (For use with gtkmm 3, not gtkmm 2) 

#ifndef GTKMM_EXAMPLEWINDOW_H
#define GTKMM_EXAMPLEWINDOW_H

#include <gtkmm.h>

class ExampleWindow : public Gtk::Window
{
public:
  ExampleWindow();
  virtual ~ExampleWindow();

protected:
  //Signal handlers:
  void on_checkbox_editable_toggled();
  void on_checkbox_visibility_toggled();
  void on_button_close();

  //Child widgets:
  Gtk::Box m_HBox;
  Gtk::Box m_VBox;
  Gtk::Entry m_Entry;
  Gtk::Button m_Button_Close;
  Gtk::CheckButton m_CheckButton_Editable, m_CheckButton_Visible;
};

#endif //GTKMM_EXAMPLEWINDOW_H

File: examplewindow.cc (For use with gtkmm 3, not gtkmm 2) 

#include "examplewindow.h"
#include <iostream>

ExampleWindow::ExampleWindow()
: m_VBox(Gtk::ORIENTATION_VERTICAL),
  m_Button_Close("Close"),
  m_CheckButton_Editable("Editable"),
  m_CheckButton_Visible("Visible")
{
  set_size_request(200, 100);
  set_title("Gtk::Entry");

  add(m_VBox);

  m_Entry.set_max_length(50);
  m_Entry.set_text("hello");
  m_Entry.set_text(m_Entry.get_text() + " world");
  m_Entry.select_region(0, m_Entry.get_text_length());
  m_VBox.pack_start(m_Entry);

  // Note that add() can also be used instead of pack_xxx()
  m_VBox.add(m_HBox);

  m_HBox.pack_start(m_CheckButton_Editable);
  m_CheckButton_Editable.signal_toggled().connect( sigc::mem_fun(*this,
              &ExampleWindow::on_checkbox_editable_toggled) );
  m_CheckButton_Editable.set_active(true);

  m_HBox.pack_start(m_CheckButton_Visible);
  m_CheckButton_Visible.signal_toggled().connect( sigc::mem_fun(*this,
              &ExampleWindow::on_checkbox_visibility_toggled) );
  m_CheckButton_Visible.set_active(true);

  m_Button_Close.signal_clicked().connect( sigc::mem_fun(*this,
              &ExampleWindow::on_button_close) );
  m_VBox.pack_start(m_Button_Close);
  m_Button_Close.set_can_default();
  m_Button_Close.grab_default();

  show_all_children();
}

ExampleWindow::~ExampleWindow()
{
}

void ExampleWindow::on_checkbox_editable_toggled()
{
  m_Entry.set_editable(m_CheckButton_Editable.get_active());
}

void ExampleWindow::on_checkbox_visibility_toggled()
{
  m_Entry.set_visibility(m_CheckButton_Visible.get_active());
}

void ExampleWindow::on_button_close()
{
  hide();
}

File: main.cc (For use with gtkmm 3, not gtkmm 2) 

#include "examplewindow.h"
#include <gtkmm/application.h>

int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
  Glib::RefPtr<Gtk::Application> app = Gtk::Application::create(argc, argv, "org.gtkmm.example");

  ExampleWindow window;

  //Shows the window and returns when it is closed.
  return app->run(window);
}

7.2.2. Completado de «Entry»

Un widget Entry puede ofrecer una lista desplegable de opciones pre-existentes sobre la base de los primeros caracteres escritos por el usuario. Por ejemplo, un cuadro de diálogo de búsqueda podría sugerir el texto de búsquedas anteriores.

Para activar esta funcionalidad, cree un objeto EntryCompletion y proporcióneselo al widget Entry mediante el método set_completion().

El EntryCompletion puede usar un TreeModel que contenga las entradas posibles, especificadas por set_model(). Luego llame a set_text_column() para especificar cuál de las columnas de su modelo debe usarse para las posibles entradas de texto.

Alternatively, if a complete list of possible entries would be too large or too inconvenient to generate, a callback slot may instead be specified with set_match_func(). This is also useful if you wish to match on a part of the string other than the start.

Referencia

7.2.2.1. Ejemplo de completado de «Entry»

Este ejemplo crea un Gtk::EntryCompletion y lo asocia a un widget Gtk::Entry. Se usan un Gtk::TreeModel de entradas posibles para el completado y algunas acciones adicionales.

Figura 7-3 Completado de «Entry»

Código fuente

File: examplewindow.h (For use with gtkmm 3, not gtkmm 2) 

#ifndef GTKMM_EXAMPLEWINDOW_H
#define GTKMM_EXAMPLEWINDOW_H

#include <gtkmm.h>

class ExampleWindow : public Gtk::Window
{
public:
  ExampleWindow();
  virtual ~ExampleWindow();

protected:
  //Signal handlers:
  void on_button_close();

  void on_completion_action_activated(int index);

  //See the comment in the implementation:
  //bool on_completion_match(const Glib::ustring& key, const Gtk::TreeModel::const_iterator& iter);


  //Tree model columns, for the EntryCompletion's filter model:
  class ModelColumns : public Gtk::TreeModel::ColumnRecord
  {
  public:

    ModelColumns()
    { add(m_col_id); add(m_col_name); }

    Gtk::TreeModelColumn<unsigned int> m_col_id;
    Gtk::TreeModelColumn<Glib::ustring> m_col_name;
  };

  ModelColumns m_Columns;

  typedef std::map<int, Glib::ustring> type_actions_map;
  type_actions_map m_CompletionActions;
  
  //Child widgets:
  Gtk::Box m_HBox;
  Gtk::Box m_VBox;
  Gtk::Entry m_Entry;
  Gtk::Label m_Label;
  Gtk::Button m_Button_Close;
};

#endif //GTKMM_EXAMPLEWINDOW_H

File: examplewindow.cc (For use with gtkmm 3, not gtkmm 2) 

#include "examplewindow.h"
#include <iostream>

ExampleWindow::ExampleWindow()
: m_VBox(Gtk::ORIENTATION_VERTICAL),
  m_Label("Press a or b to see a list of possible completions and actions."),
  m_Button_Close("Close")
{
  //set_size_request(200, 100);
  set_title("Gtk::EntryCompletion");

  add(m_VBox);
  m_VBox.pack_start(m_Entry, Gtk::PACK_SHRINK);

  m_VBox.pack_start(m_Label, Gtk::PACK_EXPAND_WIDGET);

  m_Button_Close.signal_clicked().connect( sigc::mem_fun(*this,
              &ExampleWindow::on_button_close) );
  m_VBox.pack_start(m_Button_Close, Gtk::PACK_SHRINK);
  m_Button_Close.set_can_default();
  m_Button_Close.grab_default();

  //Add an EntryCompletion:
  Glib::RefPtr<Gtk::EntryCompletion> completion =
      Gtk::EntryCompletion::create();
  m_Entry.set_completion(completion);

  //Create and fill the completion's filter model
  Glib::RefPtr<Gtk::ListStore> refCompletionModel =
      Gtk::ListStore::create(m_Columns);
  completion->set_model(refCompletionModel);

  // For more complex comparisons, use a filter match callback, like this.
  // See the comment below for more details:
  //completion->set_match_func( sigc::mem_fun(*this,
              //&ExampleWindow::on_completion_match) );

  //Fill the TreeView's model
  Gtk::TreeModel::Row row = *(refCompletionModel->append());
  row[m_Columns.m_col_id] = 1;
  row[m_Columns.m_col_name] = "Alan Zebedee";

  row = *(refCompletionModel->append());
  row[m_Columns.m_col_id] = 2;
  row[m_Columns.m_col_name] = "Adrian Boo";

  row = *(refCompletionModel->append());
  row[m_Columns.m_col_id] = 3;
  row[m_Columns.m_col_name] = "Bob McRoberts";

  row = *(refCompletionModel->append());
  row[m_Columns.m_col_id] = 4;
  row[m_Columns.m_col_name] = "Bob McBob";

  //Tell the completion what model column to use to
  //- look for a match (when we use the default matching, instead of
  //  set_match_func().
  //- display text in the entry when a match is found.
  completion->set_text_column(m_Columns.m_col_name);

  //Add actions to the completion:
  //These are just extra items shown at the bottom of the list of possible
  //completions.

  //Remember them for later.
  m_CompletionActions[0] = "Use Wizard";
  m_CompletionActions[1] = "Browse for Filename";

  for(type_actions_map::iterator iter = m_CompletionActions.begin();
          iter != m_CompletionActions.end(); ++iter)
  {
    int position = iter->first;
    Glib::ustring title = iter->second;
    completion->insert_action_text(title, position);
  }

  completion->signal_action_activated().connect( sigc::mem_fun(*this,
              &ExampleWindow::on_completion_action_activated) );

  show_all_children();
}

ExampleWindow::~ExampleWindow()
{
}

void ExampleWindow::on_button_close()
{
  hide();
}

/* You can do more complex matching with a handler like this.
 * For instance, you could check for substrings inside the string instead of the start,
 * or you could look for the key in extra model columns as well as the model column that will be displayed.
 * The code here is not actually more complex - it's a reimplementation of the default behaviour.
 *
bool ExampleWindow::on_completion_match(const Glib::ustring& key, const
        Gtk::TreeModel::const_iterator& iter)
{
  if(iter)
  {
    Gtk::TreeModel::Row row = *iter;

    Glib::ustring::size_type key_length = key.size();
    Glib::ustring filter_string = row[m_Columns.m_col_name];

    Glib::ustring filter_string_start = filter_string.substr(0, key_length);
    //The key is lower-case, even if the user input is not.
    filter_string_start = filter_string_start.lowercase();

    if(key == filter_string_start)
      return true; //A match was found.
  }

  return false; //No match.
}
*/

void ExampleWindow::on_completion_action_activated(int index)
{
  type_actions_map::iterator iter = m_CompletionActions.find(index);
  if(iter != m_CompletionActions.end()) //If it's in the map
  {
    Glib::ustring title = iter->second;
    std::cout << "Action selected: " << title << std::endl;
  }
}

File: main.cc (For use with gtkmm 3, not gtkmm 2) 

#include "examplewindow.h"
#include <gtkmm/application.h>

int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
  Glib::RefPtr<Gtk::Application> app = Gtk::Application::create(argc, argv, "org.gtkmm.example");

  ExampleWindow window;

  //Shows the window and returns when it is closed.
  return app->run(window);
}

7.2.3. Iconos de «Entry»

Un widget Entry puede mostrar un icono al principio o al final del área del texto. Este icono se puede especificar por métodos como set_icon_from_pixbuf() o set_icon_from_stock(). Una aplicación puede responder al usuario que pulsa el icono manejando la señal signal_icon_press.

7.2.3.1. Ejemplo de icono de «Entry»

Este ejemplo muestra un widget Gtk::Entry con un icono de búsqueda del almacén, e imprime texto en la terminal cuando se pulsa el icono.

Figura 7-4 «Entry» con icono

Código fuente

File: examplewindow.h (For use with gtkmm 3, not gtkmm 2) 

#ifndef GTKMM_EXAMPLEWINDOW_H
#define GTKMM_EXAMPLEWINDOW_H

#include <gtkmm.h>

class ExampleWindow : public Gtk::Window
{
public:
  ExampleWindow();
  virtual ~ExampleWindow();

protected:
  //Signal handlers:
  void on_icon_pressed(Gtk::EntryIconPosition icon_pos, const GdkEventButton* event);
  void on_button_close();

  //Child widgets:
  Gtk::Box m_VBox;
  Gtk::Entry m_Entry;
  Gtk::Button m_Button_Close;
};

#endif //GTKMM_EXAMPLEWINDOW_H

File: examplewindow.cc (For use with gtkmm 3, not gtkmm 2) 

#include "examplewindow.h"
#include <iostream>

ExampleWindow::ExampleWindow()
: m_VBox(Gtk::ORIENTATION_VERTICAL),
  m_Button_Close("Close")
{
  set_title("Gtk::Entry");

  add(m_VBox);

  m_Entry.set_max_length(50);
  m_Entry.set_text("Hello world");
  m_VBox.pack_start(m_Entry, Gtk::PACK_SHRINK);

  m_Entry.set_icon_from_stock(Gtk::Stock::FIND);
  m_Entry.signal_icon_press().connect( sigc::mem_fun(*this, &ExampleWindow::on_icon_pressed) );
 

  m_Button_Close.signal_clicked().connect( sigc::mem_fun(*this,
              &ExampleWindow::on_button_close) );
  m_VBox.pack_start(m_Button_Close, Gtk::PACK_SHRINK);
  m_Button_Close.set_can_default();
  m_Button_Close.grab_default();

  show_all_children();
}

ExampleWindow::~ExampleWindow()
{
}

void ExampleWindow::on_icon_pressed(Gtk::EntryIconPosition /* icon_pos */, const GdkEventButton* /* event */)
{
  std::cout << "Icon pressed." << std::endl;
}

void ExampleWindow::on_button_close()
{
  hide();
}

File: main.cc (For use with gtkmm 3, not gtkmm 2) 

#include "examplewindow.h"
#include <gtkmm/application.h>

int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
  Glib::RefPtr<Gtk::Application> app = Gtk::Application::create(argc, argv, "org.gtkmm.example");

  ExampleWindow window;

  //Shows the window and returns when it is closed.
  return app->run(window);
}

7.2.4. «Entry» de progreso

Un widget Entry puede mostrar una barra de progreso dentro del área del texto, bajo el texto introducido. La barra de progreso se mostrará si se llama a los métodos set_progress_fraction() o set_progress_pulse_step().

7.2.4.1. Ejemplo de «Entry» de progreso

Este ejemplo muestra un widget Gtk::Entry con una barra de progreso.

Figura 7-5 «Entry» con barra de progreso

Código fuente

File: examplewindow.h (For use with gtkmm 3, not gtkmm 2) 

#ifndef GTKMM_EXAMPLEWINDOW_H
#define GTKMM_EXAMPLEWINDOW_H

#include <gtkmm.h>

class ExampleWindow : public Gtk::Window
{
public:
  ExampleWindow();
  virtual ~ExampleWindow();

protected:
  //Signal handlers:
  bool on_timeout();
  void on_button_close();

  //Child widgets:
  Gtk::Box m_VBox;
  Gtk::Entry m_Entry;
  Gtk::Button m_Button_Close;
};

#endif //GTKMM_EXAMPLEWINDOW_H

File: examplewindow.cc (For use with gtkmm 3, not gtkmm 2) 

#include "examplewindow.h"
#include <iostream>

ExampleWindow::ExampleWindow()
: m_VBox(Gtk::ORIENTATION_VERTICAL),
  m_Button_Close("Close")
{
  set_title("Gtk::Entry");

  add(m_VBox);

  m_Entry.set_max_length(50);
  m_Entry.set_text("Hello world");
  m_VBox.pack_start(m_Entry, Gtk::PACK_SHRINK);

  //Change the progress fraction every 0.1 second:
  Glib::signal_timeout().connect(
    sigc::mem_fun(*this, &ExampleWindow::on_timeout), 
    100
  );

  m_Button_Close.signal_clicked().connect( sigc::mem_fun(*this,
              &ExampleWindow::on_button_close) );
  m_VBox.pack_start(m_Button_Close, Gtk::PACK_SHRINK);
  m_Button_Close.set_can_default();
  m_Button_Close.grab_default();

  show_all_children();
}

ExampleWindow::~ExampleWindow()
{
}

bool ExampleWindow::on_timeout()
{
  static double fraction = 0;
  m_Entry.set_progress_fraction(fraction);

  fraction += 0.01;
  if(fraction > 1)
    fraction = 0;

  return true;
}

void ExampleWindow::on_button_close()
{
  hide();
}

File: main.cc (For use with gtkmm 3, not gtkmm 2) 

#include "examplewindow.h"
#include <gtkmm/application.h>

int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
  Glib::RefPtr<Gtk::Application> app = Gtk::Application::create(argc, argv, "org.gtkmm.example");

  ExampleWindow window;

  //Shows the window and returns when it is closed.
  return app->run(window);
}
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