time.c

Go to the documentation of this file.

/*
 *  linux/arch/parisc/kernel/time.c
 *
 *  Copyright (C) 1991, 1992, 1995  Linus Torvalds
 *  Modifications for ARM (C) 1994, 1995, 1996,1997 Russell King
 *  Copyright (C) 1999 SuSE GmbH, (Philipp Rumpf, [email protected])
 *
 * 1994-07-02  Alan Modra
 *             fixed set_rtc_mmss, fixed time.year for >= 2000, new mktime
 * 1998-12-20  Updated NTP code according to technical memorandum Jan '96
 *             "A Kernel Model for Precision Timekeeping" by Dave Mills
 */
#include <linux/errno.h>
#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/sched.h>
#include <linux/kernel.h>
#include <linux/param.h>
#include <linux/string.h>
#include <linux/mm.h>
#include <linux/interrupt.h>
#include <linux/time.h>
#include <linux/init.h>
#include <linux/smp.h>
#include <linux/profile.h>
#include <linux/clocksource.h>
#include <linux/platform_device.h>
#include <linux/ftrace.h>

#include <asm/uaccess.h>
#include <asm/io.h>
#include <asm/irq.h>
#include <asm/page.h>
#include <asm/param.h>
#include <asm/pdc.h>
#include <asm/led.h>

#include <linux/timex.h>

static unsigned long clocktick __read_mostly;   /* timer cycles per tick */

/*
 * We keep time on PA-RISC Linux by using the Interval Timer which is
 * a pair of registers; one is read-only and one is write-only; both
 * accessed through CR16.  The read-only register is 32 or 64 bits wide,
 * and increments by 1 every CPU clock tick.  The architecture only
 * guarantees us a rate between 0.5 and 2, but all implementations use a
 * rate of 1.  The write-only register is 32-bits wide.  When the lowest
 * 32 bits of the read-only register compare equal to the write-only
 * register, it raises a maskable external interrupt.  Each processor has
 * an Interval Timer of its own and they are not synchronised.  
 *
 * We want to generate an interrupt every 1/HZ seconds.  So we program
 * CR16 to interrupt every @clocktick cycles.  The it_value in cpu_data
 * is programmed with the intended time of the next tick.  We can be
 * held off for an arbitrarily long period of time by interrupts being
 * disabled, so we may miss one or more ticks.
 */
irqreturn_t __irq_entry timer_interrupt(int irq, void *dev_id)
{
    unsigned long now, now2;
    unsigned long next_tick;
    unsigned long cycles_elapsed, ticks_elapsed = 1;
    unsigned long cycles_remainder;
    unsigned int cpu = smp_processor_id();
    struct cpuinfo_parisc *cpuinfo = &per_cpu(cpu_data, cpu);

    /* gcc can optimize for "read-only" case with a local clocktick */
    unsigned long cpt = clocktick;

    profile_tick(CPU_PROFILING);

    /* Initialize next_tick to the expected tick time. */
    next_tick = cpuinfo->it_value;

    /* Get current cycle counter (Control Register 16). */
    now = mfctl(16);

    cycles_elapsed = now - next_tick;

    if ((cycles_elapsed >> 6) < cpt) {
        /* use "cheap" math (add/subtract) instead
         * of the more expensive div/mul method
         */
        cycles_remainder = cycles_elapsed;
        while (cycles_remainder > cpt) {
            cycles_remainder -= cpt;
            ticks_elapsed++;
        }
    } else {
        /* TODO: Reduce this to one fdiv op */
        cycles_remainder = cycles_elapsed % cpt;
        ticks_elapsed += cycles_elapsed / cpt;
    }

    /* convert from "division remainder" to "remainder of clock tick" */
    cycles_remainder = cpt - cycles_remainder;

    /* Determine when (in CR16 cycles) next IT interrupt will fire.
     * We want IT to fire modulo clocktick even if we miss/skip some.
     * But those interrupts don't in fact get delivered that regularly.
     */
    next_tick = now + cycles_remainder;

    cpuinfo->it_value = next_tick;

    /* Program the IT when to deliver the next interrupt.
     * Only bottom 32-bits of next_tick are writable in CR16!
     */
    mtctl(next_tick, 16);

    /* Skip one clocktick on purpose if we missed next_tick.
     * The new CR16 must be "later" than current CR16 otherwise
     * itimer would not fire until CR16 wrapped - e.g 4 seconds
     * later on a 1Ghz processor. We'll account for the missed
     * tick on the next timer interrupt.
     *
     * "next_tick - now" will always give the difference regardless
     * if one or the other wrapped. If "now" is "bigger" we'll end up
     * with a very large unsigned number.
     */
    now2 = mfctl(16);
    if (next_tick - now2 > cpt)
        mtctl(next_tick+cpt, 16);

#if 1
/*
 * GGG: DEBUG code for how many cycles programming CR16 used.
 */
    if (unlikely(now2 - now > 0x3000))  /* 12K cycles */
        printk (KERN_CRIT "timer_interrupt(CPU %d): SLOW! 0x%lx cycles!"
            " cyc %lX rem %lX "
            " next/now %lX/%lX\n",
            cpu, now2 - now, cycles_elapsed, cycles_remainder,
            next_tick, now );
#endif

    /* Can we differentiate between "early CR16" (aka Scenario 1) and
     * "long delay" (aka Scenario 3)? I don't think so.
     *
     * Timer_interrupt will be delivered at least a few hundred cycles
     * after the IT fires. But it's arbitrary how much time passes
     * before we call it "late". I've picked one second.
     *
     * It's important NO printk's are between reading CR16 and
     * setting up the next value. May introduce huge variance.
     */
    if (unlikely(ticks_elapsed > HZ)) {
        /* Scenario 3: very long delay?  bad in any case */
        printk (KERN_CRIT "timer_interrupt(CPU %d): delayed!"
            " cycles %lX rem %lX "
            " next/now %lX/%lX\n",
            cpu,
            cycles_elapsed, cycles_remainder,
            next_tick, now );
    }

    /* Done mucking with unreliable delivery of interrupts.
     * Go do system house keeping.
     */

    if (!--cpuinfo->prof_counter) {
        cpuinfo->prof_counter = cpuinfo->prof_multiplier;
        update_process_times(user_mode(get_irq_regs()));
    }

    if (cpu == 0)
        xtime_update(ticks_elapsed);

    return IRQ_HANDLED;
}


unsigned long profile_pc(struct pt_regs *regs)
{
    unsigned long pc = instruction_pointer(regs);

    if (regs->gr[0] & PSW_N)
        pc -= 4;

#ifdef CONFIG_SMP
    if (in_lock_functions(pc))
        pc = regs->gr[2];
#endif

    return pc;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(profile_pc);


/* clock source code */

static cycle_t read_cr16(struct clocksource *cs)
{
    return get_cycles();
}

static struct clocksource clocksource_cr16 = {
    .name           = "cr16",
    .rating         = 300,
    .read           = read_cr16,
    .mask           = CLOCKSOURCE_MASK(BITS_PER_LONG),
    .flags          = CLOCK_SOURCE_IS_CONTINUOUS,
};

#ifdef CONFIG_SMP
int update_cr16_clocksource(void)
{
    /* since the cr16 cycle counters are not synchronized across CPUs,
       we'll check if we should switch to a safe clocksource: */
    if (clocksource_cr16.rating != 0 && num_online_cpus() > 1) {
        clocksource_change_rating(&clocksource_cr16, 0);
        return 1;
    }

    return 0;
}
#else
int update_cr16_clocksource(void)
{
    return 0; /* no change */
}
#endif /*CONFIG_SMP*/

void __init start_cpu_itimer(void)
{
    unsigned int cpu = smp_processor_id();
    unsigned long next_tick = mfctl(16) + clocktick;

    mtctl(next_tick, 16);       /* kick off Interval Timer (CR16) */

    per_cpu(cpu_data, cpu).it_value = next_tick;
}

static struct platform_device rtc_generic_dev = {
    .name = "rtc-generic",
    .id = -1,
};

static int __init rtc_init(void)
{
    if (platform_device_register(&rtc_generic_dev) < 0)
        printk(KERN_ERR "unable to register rtc device...\n");

    /* not necessarily an error */
    return 0;
}
module_init(rtc_init);

void read_persistent_clock(struct timespec *ts)
{
    static struct pdc_tod tod_data;
    if (pdc_tod_read(&tod_data) == 0) {
        ts->tv_sec = tod_data.tod_sec;
        ts->tv_nsec = tod_data.tod_usec * 1000;
    } else {
        printk(KERN_ERR "Error reading tod clock\n");
            ts->tv_sec = 0;
        ts->tv_nsec = 0;
    }
}

void __init time_init(void)
{
    unsigned long current_cr16_khz;

    clocktick = (100 * PAGE0->mem_10msec) / HZ;

    start_cpu_itimer(); /* get CPU 0 started */

    /* register at clocksource framework */
    current_cr16_khz = PAGE0->mem_10msec/10;  /* kHz */
    clocksource_register_khz(&clocksource_cr16, current_cr16_khz);
}