This section provides information about setting up cohorts in your course.
To use cohorts in your course, you must select a strategy for assigning your learners to cohorts: automated assignment, manual assignment, or a hybrid approach. For more information, see Options for Assigning Learners to Cohorts.
Note
Although you can change the assignment method for cohorts at any time, you should have a strategy in mind as you design your course, and only make changes to cohorts while the course is running if absolutely necessary.
You must also decide whether course-wide and content-specific discussion topics should be divided by cohort or unified for all learners.
After you decide on a cohort strategy for your course, complete these configuration steps (as applicable).
- Course-wide discussion topics are unified by default, but you can specify that they are divided by cohort.
- Content-specific discussion topics are divided by cohort by default. You do not need to take any action if you want all content-specific discussions to be divided by cohort. You only need to change settings if you want to make only a few discussion topics divided by cohort and make the remaining topics unified.
You complete these procedures on the Cohorts tab on the Instructor Dashboard.
For an optimal learner experience, you should make sure that configuration of the cohort feature is as complete as possible before the start date of your course. If you need to make changes to the way you have configured cohorts while your course is running, be aware of the implications of your changes. For more information, see Altering Cohort Configuration in a Running Course.
To implement an automated assignment strategy of learners to cohorts, you enable the cohort feature for your course, and create cohorts that have the Automatic assignment method. To add learners to these cohorts, you do not need to take any action: the system automatically and randomly assigns learners to the available automatic cohorts when they first access any course content or discussion on the Course or Discussion pages. Learners who access the Home page or other course pages such as a Textbook page do not receive a cohort assignment until they view course content or discussions.
Note
You can add learners manually to any cohort, whether it was created as an automated cohort or a manual cohort.
For a scenario using an automated assignment strategy, see Automated Assignment: Making MOOC Discussions Manageable. For a scenario using a combination of automated and manual assignment to cohorts, see Hybrid Assignment: Accommodating Small Groups Within a Course.
The first time a learner views course content on the Course or Discussion page, if she is not already assigned to a cohort, she is randomly assigned to one of the automated cohorts. If no automated cohorts exist, the system creates a default cohort and assigns the learner to this cohort.
Note
The default cohort is created to ensure that every learner is assigned to a cohort. To avoid having to re-assign learners from the default cohort to other cohorts, make sure you create the automated cohorts that you want before the course starts.
To implement a manual assignment strategy of learners to cohorts, you enable the cohort feature for your course, and create cohorts that have the Manual assignment method. Then, you manually assign enrolled learners to the appropriate cohorts.
Note
You can only add learners to a cohort manually if they have enrolled in your course.
Manual assignments should be as complete as possible before your course starts. If learners enroll after your course starts, you should continue to assign new learners to cohorts. If you need to make changes to the way you have configured cohorts while your course is running, see Altering Cohort Configuration in a Running Course.
For a scenario using a manual assignment strategy, see Manual Assignment: Grouping by Common Characteristics. For a scenario using a combination of automated and manual assignment to cohorts, see Hybrid Assignment: Accommodating Small Groups Within a Course.
To enable cohorts in your course, follow these steps.
You can now add cohorts to your course.
Warning
Be very careful in deciding to enable the cohort feature in a live course, because doing so affects the course experience for learners. Learners might no longer have access to course and discussion topics that were previously visible to them.
If you must make changes to cohort configuration while your course is running, be sure you understand the consequences of doing so. For details, see Altering Cohort Configuration in a Running Course.
After you enable the cohorts feature for your course, you can add cohorts. To add a cohort to your course, follow these steps.
In the LMS, select Instructor, then select Cohorts.
Click Add Cohort.
Enter a name for the cohort.
Note
Learners can see the name of the cohort they are assigned to. The message “This post is visible only to {cohort name}” appears with each post in discussion topics that are divided by cohort. See Read the Cohort Indicator in Posts.
Specify whether learners are automatically or manually assigned to this cohort.
Optionally, select Select a Content Group to associate the cohort with a content group. For information about creating cohort-specific course content by associating cohorts with content groups, see Creating Cohort-Specific Course Content.
Select Save.
Continue implementing your cohort strategy by creating additional cohorts as applicable, and specifying the assignment method for each cohort.
Note
When your course starts, you must have at least one cohort in your course that has automatic assignment. If you have not created at least one automated assignment cohort in the course by the time that the first learner accesses your course content, edX creates a default cohort to which learners are automatically assigned.
For details about adding learners to a cohort by uploading a .csv file, see Assign Learners to Cohorts by Uploading a .csv File.
For a report that includes the cohort assignment for every enrolled learner, review the learner profile information for your course. See Download or View Learner Data.
Note
You cannot delete cohorts, but you can change their names or the way in which learners are assigned to them. If you need to make changes to the way you have configured cohorts while your course is running, see Altering Cohort Configuration in a Running Course.
If you have implemented a manual assignment strategy for cohorts in your course, make sure your manual assignments are as complete as possible before your course starts. Making changes to cohort assignments after the course starts affects the course experience for learners.
To manually assign learners to cohorts in your course, follow these steps.
Note
You can only add learners to a cohort manually if they have enrolled in your course.
For a report that includes the cohort assignment for every enrolled learner, review the learner profile information for your course. See Download or View Learner Data.
Uploading a .csv file containing a list of learners and the cohorts that you want to assign them to is another way of assigning learners to cohorts manually. For details about the other manual assignment method, see Assign Learners to Cohorts Manually.
Note
You can only add learners to a cohort using a .csv file if they have enrolled in your course.
Any assignments to cohorts that you specify in the .csv files you upload will overwrite or change existing cohort assignments. The configuration of your cohorts should be complete and stable before your course begins. You should also complete manual cohort assignments as soon as possible after any learner enrolls, including any enrollments that occur while your course is running. To understand the effects of changing cohort assignments after your course has started, see Altering Cohort Configuration in a Running Course.
Note
Be aware that the contents of the .csv file are processed row by row, from top to bottom, and each row is treated independently.
For example, if your .csv file contains conflicting information such as Student A being first assigned to Cohort 1, then later in the spreadsheet being assigned to Cohort 2, the end result of your .csv upload is that Student A is assigned to Cohort 2. However, the upload results file will count Student A twice in the “Students Added” count: once when they are added to Cohort 1, and again when they are added to Cohort 2. Before submitting a file for upload, check it carefully for errors.
The requirements for the .csv file are summarized in this table.
Requirement | Notes |
Valid .csv file | The file must be a properly formatted comma-separated values file:
|
File size | The file size of .csv files for upload is limited to a maximum of 2MB. |
UTF-8 encoded | You must save the file with UTF-8 encoding so that Unicode characters display correctly. |
Header row | You must include a header row, with column names that exactly match those specified in “Columns” below. |
One or two columns identifying students | You must include at least one column identifying students: either “email” or “username”, or both. If both the username and an email address are provided for a student, the email address has precedence. In other words, if an email address is present, an incorrect or non- matching username is ignored. |
One column identifying the cohort | You must include one column named “cohort” to identify the cohort to which you are assigning each student. The specified cohorts must already exist in Studio. |
Columns with headings other than “email”, “username” and “cohort” are ignored. |
To manually add enrolled learners to cohorts by uploading a .csv file, follow these steps.
View the live version of your course. For example, in Studio, select View Live.
Select Instructor, then select Cohorts.
From the Select a cohort list, select the cohort to which you are adding students.
Select Assign students to cohorts by uploading a CSV file, then select Browse to navigate to the .csv file you want to upload.
Select Upload File and Assign Students. A status message is displayed above the Browse button.
Verify your upload results on the Data Download page.
Under Reports Available for Download, locate the link to a .csv file with “cohort_results” and the date and time of your upload in the filename. The list of available reports is sorted chronologically, with the most recently generated files at the top.
The results file provides the following information:
Column | Description |
Cohort | The name of the cohort to which you are assigning learners. |
Exists | Whether the cohort was found in the system. TRUE/FALSE. If the cohort was not found (value is FALSE), no action is taken for students you assigned to that cohort in the .csv file. |
Students Added | The number of learners added to the cohort during the row by row processing of the .csv file. |
Students Not Found | A list of email addresses or usernames (if email addresses were not supplied) of learners who could not be matched by either email address or username and who were therefore not added to the cohort. |
For a report that includes the cohort assignment for every enrolled learner, review the learner profile information for your course. See Download or View Learner Data.
Make sure the .csv files that you upload are encoded as UTF-8, so that any Unicode characters are correctly saved and displayed.
Note
Some spreadsheet applications (for example, MS Excel) do not allow you to specify encoding when you save a spreadsheet as a .csv file. To ensure that you are able to create a .csv file that is UTF-8 encoded, use a spreadsheet application such as Google Sheets, LibreOffice, or Apache OpenOffice.
The configuration of cohorts should be complete and stable before your course begins. Manual cohort assignments should be completed as soon as possible after any learner enrolls, including any enrollments that occur while your course is running.
If you decide that you must alter cohort configuration after your course starts and activity in the course discussion begins, be sure that you understand the consequences of these actions.
After your course starts and learners begin to contribute to the course discussion, each post that they add is visible either to everyone or to the members of a single cohort. When you change the cohort that a learner is assigned to, there are three results.
The visibility of a post and its responses and comments does not change, even if the cohort assignment of its author changes. To a learner, it can seem that posts have “disappeared”.
To verify the cohort assignments for your learners, download the student profile report for your course. If changes are needed, you can assign learners to different cohorts manually in the LMS by selecting Instructor and then Cohorts, or upload cohort assignment changes in a .csv file.
You can change the name of any cohort, including the system-created default cohort.
To rename a cohort, follow these steps.
You cannot delete cohorts. However, you can rename a cohort, change its assignment method, or move learners to other cohorts.
If you decide that you must alter cohort configuration after your course starts and learners begin viewing the course and the discussion topics, be sure that you understand the consequences of these actions. For more details, see Altering Cohort Configuration in a Running Course.
Although you can change the assignment method of a cohort at any time after you create it, you should have a strategy in mind as you design your course, and only make changes to cohorts while the course is running if absolutely necessary. Be aware of the implications of changing cohort configuration while your course is running. For more information, see Options for Assigning Learners to Cohorts and Altering Cohort Configuration in a Running Course.
Note
When your course starts, you must have at least one cohort in your course that has automatic assignment. If you have not created at least one automated assignment cohort in the course by the time that the first learner accesses your course content, edX creates a default cohort to which learners are automatically assigned. If the default group is the only automated assignment cohort in your course, you cannot change its assignment method to Manual.
To change the assignment method of a cohort, follow these steps.
View the live version of your course. For example, in Studio select View Live.
Select Instructor, then select Cohorts.
From the Select a cohort list, select the cohort whose assignment method you want to change.
On the Settings tab, the current assignment method is selected. Change the assignment method by selecting the other option, either Automatic or Manual.
Select Save.
The cohort assignment method is updated.
Note
Changing the cohort assignment method has no effect on learners who are already assigned to this and other cohorts. Learners who access the course after you make this change are assigned to cohorts based on the new assignment method of this cohort combined with the assignment methods of all other cohorts.
Warning
Be very careful in deciding to disable the cohort feature if you previously had it enabled in a live course, because doing so affects the course experience for learners. Course materials and discussion posts that were shared only with members of particular cohorts are now visible to all learners in the course.
If you must make changes to the way you have configured cohorts while your course is running, be sure you understand the consequences of doing so. For details, see Altering Cohort Configuration in a Running Course.
To disable cohorts in your course, follow these steps.
All course content and discussion posts that were previously divided by cohort immediately become visible to all students.