QML Viewer

The Declarative UI package includes Qt QML Viewer, a tool for loading QML documents that makes it easy to quickly develop and debug QML applications. It invokes the QML runtime to load QML documents and also includes additional features useful for the development of QML-based applications.

The QML Viewer is a tool for testing and developing QML applications. It is not intended for use in a production environment and should not be used for the deployment of QML applications. In those cases, the QML runtime should be invoked from a Qt application instead; see Qt Declarative UI Runtime for more information.

The viewer is located at QTDIR/bin/qmlviewer. To load a .qml file with the viewer, run the viewer and select the file to be opened, or provide the file path on the command line:

 qmlviewer myqmlfile.qml

On Mac OS X, the QML Viewer application is named "QMLViewer" instead. You can launch the viewer by opening the QMLViewer application from the Finder, or from the command line:

 QMLViewer.app/Contents/MacOS/QMLViewer myqmlfile.qml

The QML Viewer has a number of configuration options involving features such as fullscreen display, module import path configurations, video recording of QML animations, and OpenGL support.

To see the configuration options, run qmlviewer with the -help argument.

Adding module import paths

Additional module import paths can be provided using the -I flag. For example, the QML plugins example creates a C++ plugin identified as com.nokia.TimeExample. Since this has a namespaced identifier, the viewer has to be run with the -I flag from the example's base directory:

 qmlviewer -I . plugins.qml

This adds the current directory to the import path so that the viewer will find the plugin in the com/nokia/TimeExample directory.

Note by default, the current directory is included in the import search path, but namespaced modules like com.nokia.TimeExample are not found unless the path is explicitly added.

Loading translation files

When the QML Viewer loads a QML file, it installs a translation file from a "i18n" subdirectory relative to that initial file. This directory should contain translation files named "qml_<language>.qm", where <language> is a two-letter ISO 639 language, such as "qml_fr.qm", optionally followed by an underscore and an uppercase two-letter ISO 3166 country code, such as "qml_fr_FR.qm" or "qml_fr_CA.qm".

Such files can be created using Qt Linguist.

The actual translation file that is loaded depends on the system locale. Additionally, the viewer will load any translation files specified on the command line via the -translation option.

See the QML i18n example for an example. Also, the Qt Internationalization documentation shows how JavaScript code in QML files can be made to use translatable strings.

Loading placeholder data with QML Viewer

Often, QML applications are prototyped with fake data that is later replaced by real data sources from C++ plugins. QML Viewer assists in this aspect by loading fake data into the application context: it looks for a directory named "dummydata" in the same directory as the target QML file, and any .qml files in that directory are loaded as QML objects and bound to the root context as properties named after the files.

For example, this QML document refers to a lottoNumbers property which does not actually exist within the document:

 import Qt 4.7

 ListView {
     width: 200; height: 300
     model: lottoNumbers
     delegate: Text { text: number }
 }

If within the document's directory, there is a "dummydata" directory which contains a lottoNumbers.qml file like this:

 import Qt 4.7

 ListModel {
     ListElement { number: 23 }
     ListElement { number: 44 }
     ListElement { number: 78 }
 }

Then this model would be automatically loaded into the ListView in the previous document.

Child properties are included when loaded from dummy data. The following document refers to a clock.time property:

 import Qt 4.7
 Text { text: clock.time }

The text value could be filled by a dummydata/clock.qml file with a time property in the root context:

 import Qt 4.7
 QtObject { property int time: 54321 }

To replace this with real data, you can simply bind the real data object to the root context in C++ using QDeclarativeContext::setContextProperty(). This is detailed in Using QML in C++ Applications.

Using the runtime object

QML applications that are loaded with the QML Viewer have access to a special runtime property on the root context. This property provides additional information about the application's runtime environment through the following properties:

 Rectangle {
     width: 200; height: 200

     ColorAnimation on color {
         running: runtime.isActiveWindow
         loops: Animation.Infinite
         from: "green"; to: "blue"; duration: 2000
     }
 }

 Rectangle {
     id: window
     width: 640; height: 480

     states: State {
         name: "landscape"
         PropertyChanges { target: window; width: 480; height: 640 }
     }
     state: (runtime.orientation == Orientation.Landscape
             || runtime.orientation == Orientation.LandscapeInverted) ? 'landscape' : ''
 }