public class

LinkedBlockingDeque

extends AbstractQueue<E>
implements Serializable BlockingDeque<E>
java.lang.Object
   ↳ java.util.AbstractCollection<E>
     ↳ java.util.AbstractQueue<E>
       ↳ java.util.concurrent.LinkedBlockingDeque<E>

Class Overview

An optionally-bounded blocking deque based on linked nodes.

The optional capacity bound constructor argument serves as a way to prevent excessive expansion. The capacity, if unspecified, is equal to MAX_VALUE. Linked nodes are dynamically created upon each insertion unless this would bring the deque above capacity.

Most operations run in constant time (ignoring time spent blocking). Exceptions include remove, removeFirstOccurrence, removeLastOccurrence, contains, iterator.remove(), and the bulk operations, all of which run in linear time.

This class and its iterator implement all of the optional methods of the Collection and Iterator interfaces.

This class is a member of the Java Collections Framework.

Summary

Public Constructors
LinkedBlockingDeque()
Creates a LinkedBlockingDeque with a capacity of MAX_VALUE.
LinkedBlockingDeque(int capacity)
Creates a LinkedBlockingDeque with the given (fixed) capacity.
LinkedBlockingDeque(Collection<? extends E> c)
Creates a LinkedBlockingDeque with a capacity of MAX_VALUE, initially containing the elements of the given collection, added in traversal order of the collection's iterator.
Public Methods
boolean add(E e)
Inserts the specified element at the end of this deque unless it would violate capacity restrictions.
void addFirst(E e)
Inserts the specified element at the front of this deque if it is possible to do so immediately without violating capacity restrictions, throwing an IllegalStateException if no space is currently available.
void addLast(E e)
Inserts the specified element at the end of this deque if it is possible to do so immediately without violating capacity restrictions, throwing an IllegalStateException if no space is currently available.
void clear()
Atomically removes all of the elements from this deque.
boolean contains(Object o)
Returns true if this deque contains the specified element.
Iterator<E> descendingIterator()
Returns an iterator over the elements in this deque in reverse sequential order.
int drainTo(Collection<? super E> c)
Removes all available elements from this queue and adds them to the given collection.
int drainTo(Collection<? super E> c, int maxElements)
Removes at most the given number of available elements from this queue and adds them to the given collection.
E element()
Retrieves, but does not remove, the head of the queue represented by this deque.
E getFirst()
Gets but not removes the head element of this deque.
E getLast()
Gets but not removes the tail element of this deque.
Iterator<E> iterator()
Returns an iterator over the elements in this deque in proper sequence.
boolean offer(E e)
Inserts the specified element into the queue represented by this deque (in other words, at the tail of this deque) if it is possible to do so immediately without violating capacity restrictions, returning true upon success and false if no space is currently available.
boolean offer(E e, long timeout, TimeUnit unit)
Inserts the specified element into the queue represented by this deque (in other words, at the tail of this deque), waiting up to the specified wait time if necessary for space to become available.
boolean offerFirst(E e)
Inserts the specified element at the front of this deque if it is possible to do so immediately without violating capacity restrictions, returning true upon success and false if no space is currently available.
boolean offerFirst(E e, long timeout, TimeUnit unit)
Inserts the specified element at the front of this deque, waiting up to the specified wait time if necessary for space to become available.
boolean offerLast(E e)
Inserts the specified element at the end of this deque if it is possible to do so immediately without violating capacity restrictions, returning true upon success and false if no space is currently available.
boolean offerLast(E e, long timeout, TimeUnit unit)
Inserts the specified element at the end of this deque, waiting up to the specified wait time if necessary for space to become available.
E peek()
Retrieves, but does not remove, the head of the queue represented by this deque (in other words, the first element of this deque), or returns null if this deque is empty.
E peekFirst()
Gets but not removes the head element of this deque.
E peekLast()
Gets but not removes the tail element of this deque.
E poll()
Retrieves and removes the head of the queue represented by this deque (in other words, the first element of this deque), or returns null if this deque is empty.
E poll(long timeout, TimeUnit unit)
Retrieves and removes the head of the queue represented by this deque (in other words, the first element of this deque), waiting up to the specified wait time if necessary for an element to become available.
E pollFirst()
Gets and removes the head element of this deque.
E pollFirst(long timeout, TimeUnit unit)
Retrieves and removes the first element of this deque, waiting up to the specified wait time if necessary for an element to become available.
E pollLast()
Gets and removes the tail element of this deque.
E pollLast(long timeout, TimeUnit unit)
Retrieves and removes the last element of this deque, waiting up to the specified wait time if necessary for an element to become available.
E pop()
Pops the head element of the deque, just same as removeFirst().
void push(E e)
Pushes an element onto the stack represented by this deque.
void put(E e)
Inserts the specified element into the queue represented by this deque (in other words, at the tail of this deque), waiting if necessary for space to become available.
void putFirst(E e)
Inserts the specified element at the front of this deque, waiting if necessary for space to become available.
void putLast(E e)
Inserts the specified element at the end of this deque, waiting if necessary for space to become available.
int remainingCapacity()
Returns the number of additional elements that this deque can ideally (in the absence of memory or resource constraints) accept without blocking.
E remove()
Retrieves and removes the head of the queue represented by this deque.
boolean remove(Object o)
Removes the first occurrence of the specified element from this deque.
E removeFirst()
Gets and removes the head element of this deque.
boolean removeFirstOccurrence(Object o)
Removes the first occurrence of the specified element from this deque.
E removeLast()
Gets and removes the tail element of this deque.
boolean removeLastOccurrence(Object o)
Removes the last occurrence of the specified element from this deque.
int size()
Returns the number of elements in this deque.
E take()
Retrieves and removes the head of the queue represented by this deque (in other words, the first element of this deque), waiting if necessary until an element becomes available.
E takeFirst()
Retrieves and removes the first element of this deque, waiting if necessary until an element becomes available.
E takeLast()
Retrieves and removes the last element of this deque, waiting if necessary until an element becomes available.
<T> T[] toArray(T[] a)
Returns an array containing all of the elements in this deque, in proper sequence; the runtime type of the returned array is that of the specified array.
Object[] toArray()
Returns an array containing all of the elements in this deque, in proper sequence (from first to last element).
String toString()
Returns the string representation of this Collection.
[Expand]
Inherited Methods
From class java.util.AbstractQueue
From class java.util.AbstractCollection
From class java.lang.Object
From interface java.lang.Iterable
From interface java.util.Collection
From interface java.util.Deque
From interface java.util.Queue
From interface java.util.concurrent.BlockingDeque
From interface java.util.concurrent.BlockingQueue

Public Constructors

public LinkedBlockingDeque ()

Since: API Level 9

Creates a LinkedBlockingDeque with a capacity of MAX_VALUE.

public LinkedBlockingDeque (int capacity)

Since: API Level 9

Creates a LinkedBlockingDeque with the given (fixed) capacity.

Parameters
capacity the capacity of this deque
Throws
IllegalArgumentException if capacity is less than 1

public LinkedBlockingDeque (Collection<? extends E> c)

Since: API Level 9

Creates a LinkedBlockingDeque with a capacity of MAX_VALUE, initially containing the elements of the given collection, added in traversal order of the collection's iterator.

Parameters
c the collection of elements to initially contain
Throws
NullPointerException if the specified collection or any of its elements are null

Public Methods

public boolean add (E e)

Since: API Level 9

Inserts the specified element at the end of this deque unless it would violate capacity restrictions. When using a capacity-restricted deque, it is generally preferable to use method offer.

This method is equivalent to addLast(E).

Parameters
e the element to be added to the queue.
Returns
  • true if the operation succeeds, otherwise false.
Throws
IllegalStateException if the element cannot be added at this time due to capacity restrictions
NullPointerException if the specified element is null

public void addFirst (E e)

Since: API Level 9

Inserts the specified element at the front of this deque if it is possible to do so immediately without violating capacity restrictions, throwing an IllegalStateException if no space is currently available. When using a capacity-restricted deque, it is generally preferable to use offerFirst.

Parameters
e the element to add
Throws
IllegalStateException
NullPointerException

public void addLast (E e)

Since: API Level 9

Inserts the specified element at the end of this deque if it is possible to do so immediately without violating capacity restrictions, throwing an IllegalStateException if no space is currently available. When using a capacity-restricted deque, it is generally preferable to use offerLast.

Parameters
e the element to add
Throws
IllegalStateException
NullPointerException

public void clear ()

Since: API Level 9

Atomically removes all of the elements from this deque. The deque will be empty after this call returns.

public boolean contains (Object o)

Since: API Level 9

Returns true if this deque contains the specified element. More formally, returns true if and only if this deque contains at least one element e such that o.equals(e).

Parameters
o object to be checked for containment in this deque
Returns
  • true if this deque contains the specified element

public Iterator<E> descendingIterator ()

Since: API Level 9

Returns an iterator over the elements in this deque in reverse sequential order. The elements will be returned in order from last (tail) to first (head). The returned Iterator is a "weakly consistent" iterator that will never throw ConcurrentModificationException, and guarantees to traverse elements as they existed upon construction of the iterator, and may (but is not guaranteed to) reflect any modifications subsequent to construction.

Returns
  • the iterator in reverse order

public int drainTo (Collection<? super E> c)

Since: API Level 9

Removes all available elements from this queue and adds them to the given collection. This operation may be more efficient than repeatedly polling this queue. A failure encountered while attempting to add elements to collection c may result in elements being in neither, either or both collections when the associated exception is thrown. Attempts to drain a queue to itself result in IllegalArgumentException. Further, the behavior of this operation is undefined if the specified collection is modified while the operation is in progress.

Parameters
c the collection to transfer elements into
Returns
  • the number of elements transferred
Throws
UnsupportedOperationException
ClassCastException
NullPointerException
IllegalArgumentException

public int drainTo (Collection<? super E> c, int maxElements)

Since: API Level 9

Removes at most the given number of available elements from this queue and adds them to the given collection. A failure encountered while attempting to add elements to collection c may result in elements being in neither, either or both collections when the associated exception is thrown. Attempts to drain a queue to itself result in IllegalArgumentException. Further, the behavior of this operation is undefined if the specified collection is modified while the operation is in progress.

Parameters
c the collection to transfer elements into
maxElements the maximum number of elements to transfer
Returns
  • the number of elements transferred
Throws
UnsupportedOperationException
ClassCastException
NullPointerException
IllegalArgumentException

public E element ()

Since: API Level 9

Retrieves, but does not remove, the head of the queue represented by this deque. This method differs from peek only in that it throws an exception if this deque is empty.

This method is equivalent to getFirst.

Returns
  • the head of the queue represented by this deque
Throws
NoSuchElementException if this deque is empty

public E getFirst ()

Since: API Level 9

Gets but not removes the head element of this deque. This method throws an exception if the deque is empty.

Returns
  • the head element
Throws
NoSuchElementException

public E getLast ()

Since: API Level 9

Gets but not removes the tail element of this deque. This method throws an exception if the deque is empty.

Returns
  • the tail element
Throws
NoSuchElementException

public Iterator<E> iterator ()

Since: API Level 9

Returns an iterator over the elements in this deque in proper sequence. The elements will be returned in order from first (head) to last (tail). The returned Iterator is a "weakly consistent" iterator that will never throw ConcurrentModificationException, and guarantees to traverse elements as they existed upon construction of the iterator, and may (but is not guaranteed to) reflect any modifications subsequent to construction.

Returns
  • an iterator over the elements in this deque in proper sequence

public boolean offer (E e)

Since: API Level 9

Inserts the specified element into the queue represented by this deque (in other words, at the tail of this deque) if it is possible to do so immediately without violating capacity restrictions, returning true upon success and false if no space is currently available. When using a capacity-restricted deque, this method is generally preferable to the add(E) method, which can fail to insert an element only by throwing an exception.

This method is equivalent to offerLast.

Parameters
e the element to add
Returns
  • true if the operation succeeds and false if it fails.
Throws
NullPointerException if the specified element is null

public boolean offer (E e, long timeout, TimeUnit unit)

Since: API Level 9

Inserts the specified element into the queue represented by this deque (in other words, at the tail of this deque), waiting up to the specified wait time if necessary for space to become available.

This method is equivalent to offerLast.

Parameters
e the element to add
timeout how long to wait before giving up, in units of unit
unit a TimeUnit determining how to interpret the timeout parameter
Returns
  • true if the element was added to this deque, else false
Throws
NullPointerException
InterruptedException

public boolean offerFirst (E e)

Since: API Level 9

Inserts the specified element at the front of this deque if it is possible to do so immediately without violating capacity restrictions, returning true upon success and false if no space is currently available. When using a capacity-restricted deque, this method is generally preferable to the addFirst method, which can fail to insert an element only by throwing an exception.

Parameters
e the element to add
Returns
  • true if the operation succeeds or false if it fails.
Throws
NullPointerException

public boolean offerFirst (E e, long timeout, TimeUnit unit)

Since: API Level 9

Inserts the specified element at the front of this deque, waiting up to the specified wait time if necessary for space to become available.

Parameters
e the element to add
timeout how long to wait before giving up, in units of unit
unit a TimeUnit determining how to interpret the timeout parameter
Returns
  • true if successful, or false if the specified waiting time elapses before space is available
Throws
NullPointerException
InterruptedException

public boolean offerLast (E e)

Since: API Level 9

Inserts the specified element at the end of this deque if it is possible to do so immediately without violating capacity restrictions, returning true upon success and false if no space is currently available. When using a capacity-restricted deque, this method is generally preferable to the addLast method, which can fail to insert an element only by throwing an exception.

Parameters
e the element to add
Returns
  • true if the operation succeeds or false if it fails
Throws
NullPointerException

public boolean offerLast (E e, long timeout, TimeUnit unit)

Since: API Level 9

Inserts the specified element at the end of this deque, waiting up to the specified wait time if necessary for space to become available.

Parameters
e the element to add
timeout how long to wait before giving up, in units of unit
unit a TimeUnit determining how to interpret the timeout parameter
Returns
  • true if successful, or false if the specified waiting time elapses before space is available
Throws
NullPointerException
InterruptedException

public E peek ()

Since: API Level 9

Retrieves, but does not remove, the head of the queue represented by this deque (in other words, the first element of this deque), or returns null if this deque is empty.

This method is equivalent to peekFirst.

Returns
  • the head of this deque, or null if this deque is empty

public E peekFirst ()

Since: API Level 9

Gets but not removes the head element of this deque. This method returns null if the deque is empty.

Returns
  • the head element or null if the deque is empty

public E peekLast ()

Since: API Level 9

Gets but not removes the tail element of this deque. This method returns null if the deque is empty.

Returns
  • the tail element or null if the deque is empty

public E poll ()

Since: API Level 9

Retrieves and removes the head of the queue represented by this deque (in other words, the first element of this deque), or returns null if this deque is empty.

This method is equivalent to pollFirst().

Returns
  • the head of this deque, or null if this deque is empty

public E poll (long timeout, TimeUnit unit)

Since: API Level 9

Retrieves and removes the head of the queue represented by this deque (in other words, the first element of this deque), waiting up to the specified wait time if necessary for an element to become available.

This method is equivalent to pollFirst.

Parameters
timeout how long to wait before giving up, in units of unit
unit a TimeUnit determining how to interpret the timeout parameter
Returns
  • the head of this deque, or null if the specified waiting time elapses before an element is available
Throws
InterruptedException

public E pollFirst ()

Since: API Level 9

Gets and removes the head element of this deque. This method returns null if the deque is empty.

Returns
  • the head element or null if the deque is empty

public E pollFirst (long timeout, TimeUnit unit)

Since: API Level 9

Retrieves and removes the first element of this deque, waiting up to the specified wait time if necessary for an element to become available.

Parameters
timeout how long to wait before giving up, in units of unit
unit a TimeUnit determining how to interpret the timeout parameter
Returns
  • the head of this deque, or null if the specified waiting time elapses before an element is available
Throws
InterruptedException

public E pollLast ()

Since: API Level 9

Gets and removes the tail element of this deque. This method returns null if the deque is empty.

Returns
  • the tail element or null if the deque is empty

public E pollLast (long timeout, TimeUnit unit)

Since: API Level 9

Retrieves and removes the last element of this deque, waiting up to the specified wait time if necessary for an element to become available.

Parameters
timeout how long to wait before giving up, in units of unit
unit a TimeUnit determining how to interpret the timeout parameter
Returns
  • the tail of this deque, or null if the specified waiting time elapses before an element is available
Throws
InterruptedException

public E pop ()

Since: API Level 9

Pops the head element of the deque, just same as removeFirst().

Returns
  • the head element
Throws
NoSuchElementException

public void push (E e)

Since: API Level 9

Pushes an element onto the stack represented by this deque. In other words, inserts the element at the front of this deque unless it would violate capacity restrictions.

This method is equivalent to addFirst.

Parameters
e the element
Throws
IllegalStateException
NullPointerException

public void put (E e)

Since: API Level 9

Inserts the specified element into the queue represented by this deque (in other words, at the tail of this deque), waiting if necessary for space to become available.

This method is equivalent to putLast.

Parameters
e the element to add
Throws
NullPointerException
InterruptedException

public void putFirst (E e)

Since: API Level 9

Inserts the specified element at the front of this deque, waiting if necessary for space to become available.

Parameters
e the element to add
Throws
NullPointerException
InterruptedException

public void putLast (E e)

Since: API Level 9

Inserts the specified element at the end of this deque, waiting if necessary for space to become available.

Parameters
e the element to add
Throws
NullPointerException
InterruptedException

public int remainingCapacity ()

Since: API Level 9

Returns the number of additional elements that this deque can ideally (in the absence of memory or resource constraints) accept without blocking. This is always equal to the initial capacity of this deque less the current size of this deque.

Note that you cannot always tell if an attempt to insert an element will succeed by inspecting remainingCapacity because it may be the case that another thread is about to insert or remove an element.

Returns
  • the remaining capacity

public E remove ()

Since: API Level 9

Retrieves and removes the head of the queue represented by this deque. This method differs from poll only in that it throws an exception if this deque is empty.

This method is equivalent to removeFirst.

Returns
  • the head of the queue represented by this deque
Throws
NoSuchElementException if this deque is empty

public boolean remove (Object o)

Since: API Level 9

Removes the first occurrence of the specified element from this deque. If the deque does not contain the element, it is unchanged. More formally, removes the first element e such that o.equals(e) (if such an element exists). Returns true if this deque contained the specified element (or equivalently, if this deque changed as a result of the call).

This method is equivalent to removeFirstOccurrence.

Parameters
o element to be removed from this deque, if present
Returns
  • true if this deque changed as a result of the call

public E removeFirst ()

Since: API Level 9

Gets and removes the head element of this deque. This method throws an exception if the deque is empty.

Returns
  • the head element
Throws
NoSuchElementException

public boolean removeFirstOccurrence (Object o)

Since: API Level 9

Removes the first occurrence of the specified element from this deque. If the deque does not contain the element, it is unchanged. More formally, removes the first element e such that o.equals(e) (if such an element exists). Returns true if this deque contained the specified element (or equivalently, if this deque changed as a result of the call).

Parameters
o element to be removed from this deque, if present
Returns
  • true if an element was removed as a result of this call

public E removeLast ()

Since: API Level 9

Gets and removes the tail element of this deque. This method throws an exception if the deque is empty.

Returns
  • the tail element
Throws
NoSuchElementException

public boolean removeLastOccurrence (Object o)

Since: API Level 9

Removes the last occurrence of the specified element from this deque. If the deque does not contain the element, it is unchanged. More formally, removes the last element e such that o.equals(e) (if such an element exists). Returns true if this deque contained the specified element (or equivalently, if this deque changed as a result of the call).

Parameters
o element to be removed from this deque, if present
Returns
  • true if an element was removed as a result of this call

public int size ()

Since: API Level 9

Returns the number of elements in this deque.

Returns
  • the number of elements in this deque

public E take ()

Since: API Level 9

Retrieves and removes the head of the queue represented by this deque (in other words, the first element of this deque), waiting if necessary until an element becomes available.

This method is equivalent to takeFirst.

Returns
  • the head of this deque
Throws
InterruptedException

public E takeFirst ()

Since: API Level 9

Retrieves and removes the first element of this deque, waiting if necessary until an element becomes available.

Returns
  • the head of this deque
Throws
InterruptedException

public E takeLast ()

Since: API Level 9

Retrieves and removes the last element of this deque, waiting if necessary until an element becomes available.

Returns
  • the tail of this deque
Throws
InterruptedException

public T[] toArray (T[] a)

Since: API Level 9

Returns an array containing all of the elements in this deque, in proper sequence; the runtime type of the returned array is that of the specified array. If the deque fits in the specified array, it is returned therein. Otherwise, a new array is allocated with the runtime type of the specified array and the size of this deque.

If this deque fits in the specified array with room to spare (i.e., the array has more elements than this deque), the element in the array immediately following the end of the deque is set to null.

Like the toArray() method, this method acts as bridge between array-based and collection-based APIs. Further, this method allows precise control over the runtime type of the output array, and may, under certain circumstances, be used to save allocation costs.

Suppose x is a deque known to contain only strings. The following code can be used to dump the deque into a newly allocated array of String: 

     String[] y = x.toArray(new String[0]);
Note that toArray(new Object[0]) is identical in function to toArray().

Parameters
a the array into which the elements of the deque are to be stored, if it is big enough; otherwise, a new array of the same runtime type is allocated for this purpose
Returns
  • an array containing all of the elements in this deque
Throws
ArrayStoreException if the runtime type of the specified array is not a supertype of the runtime type of every element in this deque
NullPointerException if the specified array is null

public Object[] toArray ()

Since: API Level 9

Returns an array containing all of the elements in this deque, in proper sequence (from first to last element).

The returned array will be "safe" in that no references to it are maintained by this deque. (In other words, this method must allocate a new array). The caller is thus free to modify the returned array.

This method acts as bridge between array-based and collection-based APIs.

Returns
  • an array containing all of the elements in this deque

public String toString ()

Since: API Level 9

Returns the string representation of this Collection. The presentation has a specific format. It is enclosed by square brackets ("[]"). Elements are separated by ', ' (comma and space).

Returns
  • the string representation of this Collection.