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Operational Segregation in MongoDB Deployments¶
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Operational Overview¶
MongoDB includes a number of features that allow database administrators and developers to segregate application operations to MongoDB deployments by functional or geographical groupings.
This capability provides “data center awareness,” which allows
applications to target MongoDB deployments with consideration of the
physical location of the mongod instances. MongoDB supports
segmentation of operations across different dimensions, which may
include multiple data centers and geographical regions in multi-data
center deployments, racks, networks, or power circuits in single
data center deployments.
MongoDB also supports segregation of database operations based on
functional or operational parameters, to ensure that certain
mongod instances are only used for reporting workloads or
that certain high-frequency portions of a sharded collection only
exist on specific shards.
Specifically, with MongoDB, you can:
- ensure write operations propagate to specific members of a replica set, or to specific members of replica sets.
- ensure that specific members of a replica set respond to queries.
- ensure that specific ranges of your shard key balance onto and reside on specific shards.
- combine the above features in a single distributed deployment, on a per-operation (for read and write operations) and collection (for chunk distribution in sharded clusters distribution) basis.
For full documentation of these features, see the following documentation in the MongoDB Manual:
- Read Preferences, which controls how drivers help applications target read operations to members of a replica set.
- Write Concerns, which controls how MongoDB ensures that write operations propagate to members of a replica set.
- Replica Set Tags, which control how applications create and interact with custom groupings of replica set members to create custom application-specific read preferences and write concerns.
- Zones in sharded clusters, which allows MongoDB administrators to create zones that represent a group of shards and associate one or more ranges of shard key values to that zone. MongoDB routes reads and writes that fall into a zone range only to those shards inside of the zone.
- Zones in sharded clusters, which allows you to create zones of sharded data based on the shard key. You can associate each zone with one or more shards in the cluster. A shard can associate with any number of non-conflicting zones. In a balanced cluster, MongoDB directs reads and writes covered by a zone only to those shards inside the zone.
See also
Before adding operational segregation features to your application and MongoDB deployment, become familiar with all documentation of replication, and sharding.