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Functions | Variables

allpaths.c File Reference

#include "postgres.h"
#include <math.h>
#include "catalog/pg_class.h"
#include "foreign/fdwapi.h"
#include "nodes/nodeFuncs.h"
#include "optimizer/clauses.h"
#include "optimizer/cost.h"
#include "optimizer/geqo.h"
#include "optimizer/pathnode.h"
#include "optimizer/paths.h"
#include "optimizer/plancat.h"
#include "optimizer/planner.h"
#include "optimizer/prep.h"
#include "optimizer/restrictinfo.h"
#include "optimizer/var.h"
#include "parser/parse_clause.h"
#include "parser/parsetree.h"
#include "rewrite/rewriteManip.h"
#include "utils/lsyscache.h"
Include dependency graph for allpaths.c:

Go to the source code of this file.

Functions

static void set_base_rel_sizes (PlannerInfo *root)
static void set_base_rel_pathlists (PlannerInfo *root)
static void set_rel_size (PlannerInfo *root, RelOptInfo *rel, Index rti, RangeTblEntry *rte)
static void set_rel_pathlist (PlannerInfo *root, RelOptInfo *rel, Index rti, RangeTblEntry *rte)
static void set_plain_rel_size (PlannerInfo *root, RelOptInfo *rel, RangeTblEntry *rte)
static void set_plain_rel_pathlist (PlannerInfo *root, RelOptInfo *rel, RangeTblEntry *rte)
static void set_foreign_size (PlannerInfo *root, RelOptInfo *rel, RangeTblEntry *rte)
static void set_foreign_pathlist (PlannerInfo *root, RelOptInfo *rel, RangeTblEntry *rte)
static void set_append_rel_size (PlannerInfo *root, RelOptInfo *rel, Index rti, RangeTblEntry *rte)
static void set_append_rel_pathlist (PlannerInfo *root, RelOptInfo *rel, Index rti, RangeTblEntry *rte)
static void generate_mergeappend_paths (PlannerInfo *root, RelOptInfo *rel, List *live_childrels, List *all_child_pathkeys)
static Listaccumulate_append_subpath (List *subpaths, Path *path)
static void set_dummy_rel_pathlist (RelOptInfo *rel)
static void set_subquery_pathlist (PlannerInfo *root, RelOptInfo *rel, Index rti, RangeTblEntry *rte)
static void set_function_pathlist (PlannerInfo *root, RelOptInfo *rel, RangeTblEntry *rte)
static void set_values_pathlist (PlannerInfo *root, RelOptInfo *rel, RangeTblEntry *rte)
static void set_cte_pathlist (PlannerInfo *root, RelOptInfo *rel, RangeTblEntry *rte)
static void set_worktable_pathlist (PlannerInfo *root, RelOptInfo *rel, RangeTblEntry *rte)
static RelOptInfomake_rel_from_joinlist (PlannerInfo *root, List *joinlist)
static bool subquery_is_pushdown_safe (Query *subquery, Query *topquery, bool *differentTypes)
static bool recurse_pushdown_safe (Node *setOp, Query *topquery, bool *differentTypes)
static void compare_tlist_datatypes (List *tlist, List *colTypes, bool *differentTypes)
static bool qual_is_pushdown_safe (Query *subquery, Index rti, Node *qual, bool *differentTypes)
static void subquery_push_qual (Query *subquery, RangeTblEntry *rte, Index rti, Node *qual)
static void recurse_push_qual (Node *setOp, Query *topquery, RangeTblEntry *rte, Index rti, Node *qual)
RelOptInfomake_one_rel (PlannerInfo *root, List *joinlist)
static bool has_multiple_baserels (PlannerInfo *root)
RelOptInfostandard_join_search (PlannerInfo *root, int levels_needed, List *initial_rels)

Variables

bool enable_geqo = false
int geqo_threshold
join_search_hook_type join_search_hook = NULL

Function Documentation

static List * accumulate_append_subpath ( List subpaths,
Path path 
) [static]

Definition at line 974 of file allpaths.c.

References IsA, lappend(), list_concat(), list_copy(), and AppendPath::subpaths.

Referenced by generate_mergeappend_paths(), and set_append_rel_pathlist().

{
    if (IsA(path, AppendPath))
    {
        AppendPath *apath = (AppendPath *) path;

        /* list_copy is important here to avoid sharing list substructure */
        return list_concat(subpaths, list_copy(apath->subpaths));
    }
    else
        return lappend(subpaths, path);
}

static void compare_tlist_datatypes ( List tlist,
List colTypes,
bool differentTypes 
) [static]

Definition at line 1651 of file allpaths.c.

References elog, ERROR, TargetEntry::expr, exprType(), lfirst, lfirst_oid, list_head(), lnext, NULL, TargetEntry::resjunk, and TargetEntry::resno.

Referenced by subquery_is_pushdown_safe().

{
    ListCell   *l;
    ListCell   *colType = list_head(colTypes);

    foreach(l, tlist)
    {
        TargetEntry *tle = (TargetEntry *) lfirst(l);

        if (tle->resjunk)
            continue;           /* ignore resjunk columns */
        if (colType == NULL)
            elog(ERROR, "wrong number of tlist entries");
        if (exprType((Node *) tle->expr) != lfirst_oid(colType))
            differentTypes[tle->resno] = true;
        colType = lnext(colType);
    }
    if (colType != NULL)
        elog(ERROR, "wrong number of tlist entries");
}

static void generate_mergeappend_paths ( PlannerInfo root,
RelOptInfo rel,
List live_childrels,
List all_child_pathkeys 
) [static]

Definition at line 890 of file allpaths.c.

References accumulate_append_subpath(), add_path(), Assert, RelOptInfo::cheapest_total_path, create_merge_append_path(), get_cheapest_path_for_pathkeys(), lfirst, NULL, Path::param_info, RelOptInfo::pathlist, STARTUP_COST, and TOTAL_COST.

Referenced by set_append_rel_pathlist().

{
    ListCell   *lcp;

    foreach(lcp, all_child_pathkeys)
    {
        List       *pathkeys = (List *) lfirst(lcp);
        List       *startup_subpaths = NIL;
        List       *total_subpaths = NIL;
        bool        startup_neq_total = false;
        ListCell   *lcr;

        /* Select the child paths for this ordering... */
        foreach(lcr, live_childrels)
        {
            RelOptInfo *childrel = (RelOptInfo *) lfirst(lcr);
            Path       *cheapest_startup,
                       *cheapest_total;

            /* Locate the right paths, if they are available. */
            cheapest_startup =
                get_cheapest_path_for_pathkeys(childrel->pathlist,
                                               pathkeys,
                                               NULL,
                                               STARTUP_COST);
            cheapest_total =
                get_cheapest_path_for_pathkeys(childrel->pathlist,
                                               pathkeys,
                                               NULL,
                                               TOTAL_COST);

            /*
             * If we can't find any paths with the right order just use the
             * cheapest-total path; we'll have to sort it later.
             */
            if (cheapest_startup == NULL || cheapest_total == NULL)
            {
                cheapest_startup = cheapest_total =
                    childrel->cheapest_total_path;
                /* Assert we do have an unparameterized path for this child */
                Assert(cheapest_total->param_info == NULL);
            }

            /*
             * Notice whether we actually have different paths for the
             * "cheapest" and "total" cases; frequently there will be no point
             * in two create_merge_append_path() calls.
             */
            if (cheapest_startup != cheapest_total)
                startup_neq_total = true;

            startup_subpaths =
                accumulate_append_subpath(startup_subpaths, cheapest_startup);
            total_subpaths =
                accumulate_append_subpath(total_subpaths, cheapest_total);
        }

        /* ... and build the MergeAppend paths */
        add_path(rel, (Path *) create_merge_append_path(root,
                                                        rel,
                                                        startup_subpaths,
                                                        pathkeys,
                                                        NULL));
        if (startup_neq_total)
            add_path(rel, (Path *) create_merge_append_path(root,
                                                            rel,
                                                            total_subpaths,
                                                            pathkeys,
                                                            NULL));
    }
}

static bool has_multiple_baserels ( PlannerInfo root  )  [static]

Definition at line 1012 of file allpaths.c.

References NULL, RELOPT_BASEREL, RelOptInfo::reloptkind, PlannerInfo::simple_rel_array, and PlannerInfo::simple_rel_array_size.

Referenced by set_subquery_pathlist().

{
    int         num_base_rels = 0;
    Index       rti;

    for (rti = 1; rti < root->simple_rel_array_size; rti++)
    {
        RelOptInfo *brel = root->simple_rel_array[rti];

        if (brel == NULL)
            continue;

        /* ignore RTEs that are "other rels" */
        if (brel->reloptkind == RELOPT_BASEREL)
            if (++num_base_rels > 1)
                return true;
    }
    return false;
}

RelOptInfo* make_one_rel ( PlannerInfo root,
List joinlist 
)

Definition at line 104 of file allpaths.c.

References PlannerInfo::all_baserels, Assert, bms_add_member(), bms_equal(), make_rel_from_joinlist(), NULL, RelOptInfo::relid, RelOptInfo::relids, RELOPT_BASEREL, RelOptInfo::reloptkind, set_base_rel_pathlists(), set_base_rel_sizes(), PlannerInfo::simple_rel_array, and PlannerInfo::simple_rel_array_size.

Referenced by query_planner().

{
    RelOptInfo *rel;
    Index       rti;

    /*
     * Construct the all_baserels Relids set.
     */
    root->all_baserels = NULL;
    for (rti = 1; rti < root->simple_rel_array_size; rti++)
    {
        RelOptInfo *brel = root->simple_rel_array[rti];

        /* there may be empty slots corresponding to non-baserel RTEs */
        if (brel == NULL)
            continue;

        Assert(brel->relid == rti);     /* sanity check on array */

        /* ignore RTEs that are "other rels" */
        if (brel->reloptkind != RELOPT_BASEREL)
            continue;

        root->all_baserels = bms_add_member(root->all_baserels, brel->relid);
    }

    /*
     * Generate access paths for the base rels.
     */
    set_base_rel_sizes(root);
    set_base_rel_pathlists(root);

    /*
     * Generate access paths for the entire join tree.
     */
    rel = make_rel_from_joinlist(root, joinlist);

    /*
     * The result should join all and only the query's base rels.
     */
    Assert(bms_equal(rel->relids, root->all_baserels));

    return rel;
}

static RelOptInfo * make_rel_from_joinlist ( PlannerInfo root,
List joinlist 
) [static]

Definition at line 1364 of file allpaths.c.

References elog, enable_geqo, ERROR, find_base_rel(), geqo(), geqo_threshold, PlannerInfo::initial_rels, IsA, join_search_hook, lappend(), lfirst, linitial, list_length(), nodeTag, and standard_join_search().

Referenced by make_one_rel().

{
    int         levels_needed;
    List       *initial_rels;
    ListCell   *jl;

    /*
     * Count the number of child joinlist nodes.  This is the depth of the
     * dynamic-programming algorithm we must employ to consider all ways of
     * joining the child nodes.
     */
    levels_needed = list_length(joinlist);

    if (levels_needed <= 0)
        return NULL;            /* nothing to do? */

    /*
     * Construct a list of rels corresponding to the child joinlist nodes.
     * This may contain both base rels and rels constructed according to
     * sub-joinlists.
     */
    initial_rels = NIL;
    foreach(jl, joinlist)
    {
        Node       *jlnode = (Node *) lfirst(jl);
        RelOptInfo *thisrel;

        if (IsA(jlnode, RangeTblRef))
        {
            int         varno = ((RangeTblRef *) jlnode)->rtindex;

            thisrel = find_base_rel(root, varno);
        }
        else if (IsA(jlnode, List))
        {
            /* Recurse to handle subproblem */
            thisrel = make_rel_from_joinlist(root, (List *) jlnode);
        }
        else
        {
            elog(ERROR, "unrecognized joinlist node type: %d",
                 (int) nodeTag(jlnode));
            thisrel = NULL;     /* keep compiler quiet */
        }

        initial_rels = lappend(initial_rels, thisrel);
    }

    if (levels_needed == 1)
    {
        /*
         * Single joinlist node, so we're done.
         */
        return (RelOptInfo *) linitial(initial_rels);
    }
    else
    {
        /*
         * Consider the different orders in which we could join the rels,
         * using a plugin, GEQO, or the regular join search code.
         *
         * We put the initial_rels list into a PlannerInfo field because
         * has_legal_joinclause() needs to look at it (ugly :-().
         */
        root->initial_rels = initial_rels;

        if (join_search_hook)
            return (*join_search_hook) (root, levels_needed, initial_rels);
        else if (enable_geqo && levels_needed >= geqo_threshold)
            return geqo(root, levels_needed, initial_rels);
        else
            return standard_join_search(root, levels_needed, initial_rels);
    }
}

static bool qual_is_pushdown_safe ( Query subquery,
Index  rti,
Node qual,
bool differentTypes 
) [static]

Definition at line 1710 of file allpaths.c.

References Assert, bms_add_member(), bms_free(), bms_is_member(), contain_subplans(), contain_volatile_functions(), contain_window_function(), Query::distinctClause, TargetEntry::expr, expression_returns_set(), get_tle_by_resno(), Query::hasDistinctOn, InvalidOid, IsA, lfirst, list_free(), NULL, pull_var_clause(), PVC_INCLUDE_PLACEHOLDERS, PVC_REJECT_AGGREGATES, TargetEntry::resjunk, targetIsInSortList(), Query::targetList, Var::varattno, and Var::varno.

Referenced by set_subquery_pathlist().

{
    bool        safe = true;
    List       *vars;
    ListCell   *vl;
    Bitmapset  *tested = NULL;

    /* Refuse subselects (point 1) */
    if (contain_subplans(qual))
        return false;

    /*
     * It would be unsafe to push down window function calls, but at least for
     * the moment we could never see any in a qual anyhow.  (The same applies
     * to aggregates, which we check for in pull_var_clause below.)
     */
    Assert(!contain_window_function(qual));

    /*
     * Examine all Vars used in clause; since it's a restriction clause, all
     * such Vars must refer to subselect output columns.
     */
    vars = pull_var_clause(qual,
                           PVC_REJECT_AGGREGATES,
                           PVC_INCLUDE_PLACEHOLDERS);
    foreach(vl, vars)
    {
        Var        *var = (Var *) lfirst(vl);
        TargetEntry *tle;

        /*
         * XXX Punt if we find any PlaceHolderVars in the restriction clause.
         * It's not clear whether a PHV could safely be pushed down, and even
         * less clear whether such a situation could arise in any cases of
         * practical interest anyway.  So for the moment, just refuse to push
         * down.
         */
        if (!IsA(var, Var))
        {
            safe = false;
            break;
        }

        Assert(var->varno == rti);

        /* Check point 2 */
        if (var->varattno == 0)
        {
            safe = false;
            break;
        }

        /*
         * We use a bitmapset to avoid testing the same attno more than once.
         * (NB: this only works because subquery outputs can't have negative
         * attnos.)
         */
        if (bms_is_member(var->varattno, tested))
            continue;
        tested = bms_add_member(tested, var->varattno);

        /* Check point 3 */
        if (differentTypes[var->varattno])
        {
            safe = false;
            break;
        }

        /* Must find the tlist element referenced by the Var */
        tle = get_tle_by_resno(subquery->targetList, var->varattno);
        Assert(tle != NULL);
        Assert(!tle->resjunk);

        /* If subquery uses DISTINCT ON, check point 4 */
        if (subquery->hasDistinctOn &&
            !targetIsInSortList(tle, InvalidOid, subquery->distinctClause))
        {
            /* non-DISTINCT column, so fail */
            safe = false;
            break;
        }

        /* Refuse functions returning sets (point 5) */
        if (expression_returns_set((Node *) tle->expr))
        {
            safe = false;
            break;
        }

        /* Refuse volatile functions (point 6) */
        if (contain_volatile_functions((Node *) tle->expr))
        {
            safe = false;
            break;
        }
    }

    list_free(vars);
    bms_free(tested);

    return safe;
}

static void recurse_push_qual ( Node setOp,
Query topquery,
RangeTblEntry rte,
Index  rti,
Node qual 
) [static]

Definition at line 1865 of file allpaths.c.

References Assert, elog, ERROR, IsA, SetOperationStmt::larg, nodeTag, NULL, SetOperationStmt::rarg, rt_fetch, Query::rtable, RangeTblRef::rtindex, RangeTblEntry::subquery, and subquery_push_qual().

Referenced by subquery_push_qual().

{
    if (IsA(setOp, RangeTblRef))
    {
        RangeTblRef *rtr = (RangeTblRef *) setOp;
        RangeTblEntry *subrte = rt_fetch(rtr->rtindex, topquery->rtable);
        Query      *subquery = subrte->subquery;

        Assert(subquery != NULL);
        subquery_push_qual(subquery, rte, rti, qual);
    }
    else if (IsA(setOp, SetOperationStmt))
    {
        SetOperationStmt *op = (SetOperationStmt *) setOp;

        recurse_push_qual(op->larg, topquery, rte, rti, qual);
        recurse_push_qual(op->rarg, topquery, rte, rti, qual);
    }
    else
    {
        elog(ERROR, "unrecognized node type: %d",
             (int) nodeTag(setOp));
    }
}

static bool recurse_pushdown_safe ( Node setOp,
Query topquery,
bool differentTypes 
) [static]

Definition at line 1608 of file allpaths.c.

References Assert, elog, ERROR, IsA, SetOperationStmt::larg, nodeTag, NULL, SetOperationStmt::op, SetOperationStmt::rarg, rt_fetch, Query::rtable, RangeTblRef::rtindex, SETOP_EXCEPT, RangeTblEntry::subquery, and subquery_is_pushdown_safe().

Referenced by subquery_is_pushdown_safe().

{
    if (IsA(setOp, RangeTblRef))
    {
        RangeTblRef *rtr = (RangeTblRef *) setOp;
        RangeTblEntry *rte = rt_fetch(rtr->rtindex, topquery->rtable);
        Query      *subquery = rte->subquery;

        Assert(subquery != NULL);
        return subquery_is_pushdown_safe(subquery, topquery, differentTypes);
    }
    else if (IsA(setOp, SetOperationStmt))
    {
        SetOperationStmt *op = (SetOperationStmt *) setOp;

        /* EXCEPT is no good */
        if (op->op == SETOP_EXCEPT)
            return false;
        /* Else recurse */
        if (!recurse_pushdown_safe(op->larg, topquery, differentTypes))
            return false;
        if (!recurse_pushdown_safe(op->rarg, topquery, differentTypes))
            return false;
    }
    else
    {
        elog(ERROR, "unrecognized node type: %d",
             (int) nodeTag(setOp));
    }
    return true;
}

static void set_append_rel_pathlist ( PlannerInfo root,
RelOptInfo rel,
Index  rti,
RangeTblEntry rte 
) [static]

Definition at line 667 of file allpaths.c.

References accumulate_append_subpath(), add_path(), PlannerInfo::append_rel_list, Assert, bms_equal(), RelOptInfo::cheapest_total_path, AppendRelInfo::child_relid, compare_pathkeys(), create_append_path(), generate_mergeappend_paths(), get_cheapest_path_for_pathkeys(), IS_DUMMY_REL, lappend(), lfirst, NIL, NULL, Path::param_info, AppendRelInfo::parent_relid, PATH_REQ_OUTER, Path::pathkeys, RelOptInfo::pathlist, reparameterize_path(), set_cheapest(), set_rel_pathlist(), PlannerInfo::simple_rel_array, PlannerInfo::simple_rte_array, and TOTAL_COST.

Referenced by set_rel_pathlist().

{
    int         parentRTindex = rti;
    List       *live_childrels = NIL;
    List       *subpaths = NIL;
    bool        subpaths_valid = true;
    List       *all_child_pathkeys = NIL;
    List       *all_child_outers = NIL;
    ListCell   *l;

    /*
     * Generate access paths for each member relation, and remember the
     * cheapest path for each one.  Also, identify all pathkeys (orderings)
     * and parameterizations (required_outer sets) available for the member
     * relations.
     */
    foreach(l, root->append_rel_list)
    {
        AppendRelInfo *appinfo = (AppendRelInfo *) lfirst(l);
        int         childRTindex;
        RangeTblEntry *childRTE;
        RelOptInfo *childrel;
        ListCell   *lcp;

        /* append_rel_list contains all append rels; ignore others */
        if (appinfo->parent_relid != parentRTindex)
            continue;

        /* Re-locate the child RTE and RelOptInfo */
        childRTindex = appinfo->child_relid;
        childRTE = root->simple_rte_array[childRTindex];
        childrel = root->simple_rel_array[childRTindex];

        /*
         * Compute the child's access paths.
         */
        set_rel_pathlist(root, childrel, childRTindex, childRTE);

        /*
         * If child is dummy, ignore it.
         */
        if (IS_DUMMY_REL(childrel))
            continue;

        /*
         * Child is live, so add it to the live_childrels list for use below.
         */
        live_childrels = lappend(live_childrels, childrel);

        /*
         * If child has an unparameterized cheapest-total path, add that to
         * the unparameterized Append path we are constructing for the parent.
         * If not, there's no workable unparameterized path.
         */
        if (childrel->cheapest_total_path->param_info == NULL)
            subpaths = accumulate_append_subpath(subpaths,
                                             childrel->cheapest_total_path);
        else
            subpaths_valid = false;

        /*
         * Collect lists of all the available path orderings and
         * parameterizations for all the children.  We use these as a
         * heuristic to indicate which sort orderings and parameterizations we
         * should build Append and MergeAppend paths for.
         */
        foreach(lcp, childrel->pathlist)
        {
            Path       *childpath = (Path *) lfirst(lcp);
            List       *childkeys = childpath->pathkeys;
            Relids      childouter = PATH_REQ_OUTER(childpath);

            /* Unsorted paths don't contribute to pathkey list */
            if (childkeys != NIL)
            {
                ListCell   *lpk;
                bool        found = false;

                /* Have we already seen this ordering? */
                foreach(lpk, all_child_pathkeys)
                {
                    List       *existing_pathkeys = (List *) lfirst(lpk);

                    if (compare_pathkeys(existing_pathkeys,
                                         childkeys) == PATHKEYS_EQUAL)
                    {
                        found = true;
                        break;
                    }
                }
                if (!found)
                {
                    /* No, so add it to all_child_pathkeys */
                    all_child_pathkeys = lappend(all_child_pathkeys,
                                                 childkeys);
                }
            }

            /* Unparameterized paths don't contribute to param-set list */
            if (childouter)
            {
                ListCell   *lco;
                bool        found = false;

                /* Have we already seen this param set? */
                foreach(lco, all_child_outers)
                {
                    Relids      existing_outers = (Relids) lfirst(lco);

                    if (bms_equal(existing_outers, childouter))
                    {
                        found = true;
                        break;
                    }
                }
                if (!found)
                {
                    /* No, so add it to all_child_outers */
                    all_child_outers = lappend(all_child_outers,
                                               childouter);
                }
            }
        }
    }

    /*
     * If we found unparameterized paths for all children, build an unordered,
     * unparameterized Append path for the rel.  (Note: this is correct even
     * if we have zero or one live subpath due to constraint exclusion.)
     */
    if (subpaths_valid)
        add_path(rel, (Path *) create_append_path(rel, subpaths, NULL));

    /*
     * Also build unparameterized MergeAppend paths based on the collected
     * list of child pathkeys.
     */
    if (subpaths_valid)
        generate_mergeappend_paths(root, rel, live_childrels,
                                   all_child_pathkeys);

    /*
     * Build Append paths for each parameterization seen among the child rels.
     * (This may look pretty expensive, but in most cases of practical
     * interest, the child rels will expose mostly the same parameterizations,
     * so that not that many cases actually get considered here.)
     *
     * The Append node itself cannot enforce quals, so all qual checking must
     * be done in the child paths.  This means that to have a parameterized
     * Append path, we must have the exact same parameterization for each
     * child path; otherwise some children might be failing to check the
     * moved-down quals.  To make them match up, we can try to increase the
     * parameterization of lesser-parameterized paths.
     */
    foreach(l, all_child_outers)
    {
        Relids      required_outer = (Relids) lfirst(l);
        ListCell   *lcr;

        /* Select the child paths for an Append with this parameterization */
        subpaths = NIL;
        subpaths_valid = true;
        foreach(lcr, live_childrels)
        {
            RelOptInfo *childrel = (RelOptInfo *) lfirst(lcr);
            Path       *cheapest_total;

            cheapest_total =
                get_cheapest_path_for_pathkeys(childrel->pathlist,
                                               NIL,
                                               required_outer,
                                               TOTAL_COST);
            Assert(cheapest_total != NULL);

            /* Children must have exactly the desired parameterization */
            if (!bms_equal(PATH_REQ_OUTER(cheapest_total), required_outer))
            {
                cheapest_total = reparameterize_path(root, cheapest_total,
                                                     required_outer, 1.0);
                if (cheapest_total == NULL)
                {
                    subpaths_valid = false;
                    break;
                }
            }

            subpaths = accumulate_append_subpath(subpaths, cheapest_total);
        }

        if (subpaths_valid)
            add_path(rel, (Path *)
                     create_append_path(rel, subpaths, required_outer));
    }

    /* Select cheapest paths */
    set_cheapest(rel);
}

static void set_append_rel_size ( PlannerInfo root,
RelOptInfo rel,
Index  rti,
RangeTblEntry rte 
) [static]

Definition at line 443 of file allpaths.c.

References add_child_rel_equivalences(), adjust_appendrel_attrs(), PlannerInfo::append_rel_list, Assert, RelOptInfo::attr_widths, RelOptInfo::baserestrictinfo, AppendRelInfo::child_relid, DatumGetBool, eval_const_expressions(), exprType(), exprTypmod(), find_base_rel(), forboth, get_all_actual_clauses(), get_typavgwidth(), RelOptInfo::has_eclass_joins, has_useful_pathkeys(), i, IS_DUMMY_REL, IsA, RelOptInfo::joininfo, lfirst, make_ands_explicit(), make_ands_implicit(), make_restrictinfos_from_actual_clauses(), RelOptInfo::max_attr, RelOptInfo::min_attr, palloc0(), AppendRelInfo::parent_relid, pfree(), relation_excluded_by_constraints(), RelOptInfo::relid, RELOPT_OTHER_MEMBER_REL, RelOptInfo::reloptkind, RelOptInfo::reltargetlist, rint(), RelOptInfo::rows, set_dummy_rel_pathlist(), set_rel_size(), PlannerInfo::simple_rte_array, RelOptInfo::tuples, Var::varattno, and RelOptInfo::width.

Referenced by set_rel_size().

{
    int         parentRTindex = rti;
    double      parent_rows;
    double      parent_size;
    double     *parent_attrsizes;
    int         nattrs;
    ListCell   *l;

    /*
     * Initialize to compute size estimates for whole append relation.
     *
     * We handle width estimates by weighting the widths of different child
     * rels proportionally to their number of rows.  This is sensible because
     * the use of width estimates is mainly to compute the total relation
     * "footprint" if we have to sort or hash it.  To do this, we sum the
     * total equivalent size (in "double" arithmetic) and then divide by the
     * total rowcount estimate.  This is done separately for the total rel
     * width and each attribute.
     *
     * Note: if you consider changing this logic, beware that child rels could
     * have zero rows and/or width, if they were excluded by constraints.
     */
    parent_rows = 0;
    parent_size = 0;
    nattrs = rel->max_attr - rel->min_attr + 1;
    parent_attrsizes = (double *) palloc0(nattrs * sizeof(double));

    foreach(l, root->append_rel_list)
    {
        AppendRelInfo *appinfo = (AppendRelInfo *) lfirst(l);
        int         childRTindex;
        RangeTblEntry *childRTE;
        RelOptInfo *childrel;
        List       *childquals;
        Node       *childqual;
        ListCell   *parentvars;
        ListCell   *childvars;

        /* append_rel_list contains all append rels; ignore others */
        if (appinfo->parent_relid != parentRTindex)
            continue;

        childRTindex = appinfo->child_relid;
        childRTE = root->simple_rte_array[childRTindex];

        /*
         * The child rel's RelOptInfo was already created during
         * add_base_rels_to_query.
         */
        childrel = find_base_rel(root, childRTindex);
        Assert(childrel->reloptkind == RELOPT_OTHER_MEMBER_REL);

        /*
         * We have to copy the parent's targetlist and quals to the child,
         * with appropriate substitution of variables.  However, only the
         * baserestrictinfo quals are needed before we can check for
         * constraint exclusion; so do that first and then check to see if we
         * can disregard this child.
         *
         * As of 8.4, the child rel's targetlist might contain non-Var
         * expressions, which means that substitution into the quals could
         * produce opportunities for const-simplification, and perhaps even
         * pseudoconstant quals.  To deal with this, we strip the RestrictInfo
         * nodes, do the substitution, do const-simplification, and then
         * reconstitute the RestrictInfo layer.
         */
        childquals = get_all_actual_clauses(rel->baserestrictinfo);
        childquals = (List *) adjust_appendrel_attrs(root,
                                                     (Node *) childquals,
                                                     appinfo);
        childqual = eval_const_expressions(root, (Node *)
                                           make_ands_explicit(childquals));
        if (childqual && IsA(childqual, Const) &&
            (((Const *) childqual)->constisnull ||
             !DatumGetBool(((Const *) childqual)->constvalue)))
        {
            /*
             * Restriction reduces to constant FALSE or constant NULL after
             * substitution, so this child need not be scanned.
             */
            set_dummy_rel_pathlist(childrel);
            continue;
        }
        childquals = make_ands_implicit((Expr *) childqual);
        childquals = make_restrictinfos_from_actual_clauses(root,
                                                            childquals);
        childrel->baserestrictinfo = childquals;

        if (relation_excluded_by_constraints(root, childrel, childRTE))
        {
            /*
             * This child need not be scanned, so we can omit it from the
             * appendrel.
             */
            set_dummy_rel_pathlist(childrel);
            continue;
        }

        /*
         * CE failed, so finish copying/modifying targetlist and join quals.
         *
         * Note: the resulting childrel->reltargetlist may contain arbitrary
         * expressions, which otherwise would not occur in a reltargetlist.
         * Code that might be looking at an appendrel child must cope with
         * such.  Note in particular that "arbitrary expression" can include
         * "Var belonging to another relation", due to LATERAL references.
         */
        childrel->joininfo = (List *)
            adjust_appendrel_attrs(root,
                                   (Node *) rel->joininfo,
                                   appinfo);
        childrel->reltargetlist = (List *)
            adjust_appendrel_attrs(root,
                                   (Node *) rel->reltargetlist,
                                   appinfo);

        /*
         * We have to make child entries in the EquivalenceClass data
         * structures as well.  This is needed either if the parent
         * participates in some eclass joins (because we will want to consider
         * inner-indexscan joins on the individual children) or if the parent
         * has useful pathkeys (because we should try to build MergeAppend
         * paths that produce those sort orderings).
         */
        if (rel->has_eclass_joins || has_useful_pathkeys(root, rel))
            add_child_rel_equivalences(root, appinfo, rel, childrel);
        childrel->has_eclass_joins = rel->has_eclass_joins;

        /*
         * Note: we could compute appropriate attr_needed data for the child's
         * variables, by transforming the parent's attr_needed through the
         * translated_vars mapping.  However, currently there's no need
         * because attr_needed is only examined for base relations not
         * otherrels.  So we just leave the child's attr_needed empty.
         */

        /*
         * Compute the child's size.
         */
        set_rel_size(root, childrel, childRTindex, childRTE);

        /*
         * It is possible that constraint exclusion detected a contradiction
         * within a child subquery, even though we didn't prove one above. If
         * so, we can skip this child.
         */
        if (IS_DUMMY_REL(childrel))
            continue;

        /*
         * Accumulate size information from each live child.
         */
        if (childrel->rows > 0)
        {
            parent_rows += childrel->rows;
            parent_size += childrel->width * childrel->rows;

            /*
             * Accumulate per-column estimates too.  We need not do anything
             * for PlaceHolderVars in the parent list.  If child expression
             * isn't a Var, or we didn't record a width estimate for it, we
             * have to fall back on a datatype-based estimate.
             *
             * By construction, child's reltargetlist is 1-to-1 with parent's.
             */
            forboth(parentvars, rel->reltargetlist,
                    childvars, childrel->reltargetlist)
            {
                Var        *parentvar = (Var *) lfirst(parentvars);
                Node       *childvar = (Node *) lfirst(childvars);

                if (IsA(parentvar, Var))
                {
                    int         pndx = parentvar->varattno - rel->min_attr;
                    int32       child_width = 0;

                    if (IsA(childvar, Var) &&
                        ((Var *) childvar)->varno == childrel->relid)
                    {
                        int         cndx = ((Var *) childvar)->varattno - childrel->min_attr;

                        child_width = childrel->attr_widths[cndx];
                    }
                    if (child_width <= 0)
                        child_width = get_typavgwidth(exprType(childvar),
                                                      exprTypmod(childvar));
                    Assert(child_width > 0);
                    parent_attrsizes[pndx] += child_width * childrel->rows;
                }
            }
        }
    }

    /*
     * Save the finished size estimates.
     */
    rel->rows = parent_rows;
    if (parent_rows > 0)
    {
        int         i;

        rel->width = rint(parent_size / parent_rows);
        for (i = 0; i < nattrs; i++)
            rel->attr_widths[i] = rint(parent_attrsizes[i] / parent_rows);
    }
    else
        rel->width = 0;         /* attr_widths should be zero already */

    /*
     * Set "raw tuples" count equal to "rows" for the appendrel; needed
     * because some places assume rel->tuples is valid for any baserel.
     */
    rel->tuples = parent_rows;

    pfree(parent_attrsizes);
}

static void set_base_rel_pathlists ( PlannerInfo root  )  [static]

Definition at line 186 of file allpaths.c.

References Assert, NULL, RelOptInfo::relid, RELOPT_BASEREL, RelOptInfo::reloptkind, set_rel_pathlist(), PlannerInfo::simple_rel_array, PlannerInfo::simple_rel_array_size, and PlannerInfo::simple_rte_array.

Referenced by make_one_rel().

{
    Index       rti;

    for (rti = 1; rti < root->simple_rel_array_size; rti++)
    {
        RelOptInfo *rel = root->simple_rel_array[rti];

        /* there may be empty slots corresponding to non-baserel RTEs */
        if (rel == NULL)
            continue;

        Assert(rel->relid == rti);      /* sanity check on array */

        /* ignore RTEs that are "other rels" */
        if (rel->reloptkind != RELOPT_BASEREL)
            continue;

        set_rel_pathlist(root, rel, rti, root->simple_rte_array[rti]);
    }
}

static void set_base_rel_sizes ( PlannerInfo root  )  [static]

Definition at line 157 of file allpaths.c.

References Assert, NULL, RelOptInfo::relid, RELOPT_BASEREL, RelOptInfo::reloptkind, set_rel_size(), PlannerInfo::simple_rel_array, PlannerInfo::simple_rel_array_size, and PlannerInfo::simple_rte_array.

Referenced by make_one_rel().

{
    Index       rti;

    for (rti = 1; rti < root->simple_rel_array_size; rti++)
    {
        RelOptInfo *rel = root->simple_rel_array[rti];

        /* there may be empty slots corresponding to non-baserel RTEs */
        if (rel == NULL)
            continue;

        Assert(rel->relid == rti);      /* sanity check on array */

        /* ignore RTEs that are "other rels" */
        if (rel->reloptkind != RELOPT_BASEREL)
            continue;

        set_rel_size(root, rel, rti, root->simple_rte_array[rti]);
    }
}

static void set_cte_pathlist ( PlannerInfo root,
RelOptInfo rel,
RangeTblEntry rte 
) [static]

Definition at line 1239 of file allpaths.c.

References add_path(), Assert, create_ctescan_path(), PlannerInfo::cte_plan_ids, RangeTblEntry::ctelevelsup, Query::cteList, CommonTableExpr::ctename, RangeTblEntry::ctename, elog, ERROR, PlannerInfo::glob, RelOptInfo::lateral_relids, lfirst, list_length(), list_nth(), list_nth_int(), NULL, PlannerInfo::parent_root, PlannerInfo::parse, set_cheapest(), set_cte_size_estimates(), and PlannerGlobal::subplans.

Referenced by set_rel_size().

{
    Plan       *cteplan;
    PlannerInfo *cteroot;
    Index       levelsup;
    int         ndx;
    ListCell   *lc;
    int         plan_id;
    Relids      required_outer;

    /*
     * Find the referenced CTE, and locate the plan previously made for it.
     */
    levelsup = rte->ctelevelsup;
    cteroot = root;
    while (levelsup-- > 0)
    {
        cteroot = cteroot->parent_root;
        if (!cteroot)           /* shouldn't happen */
            elog(ERROR, "bad levelsup for CTE \"%s\"", rte->ctename);
    }

    /*
     * Note: cte_plan_ids can be shorter than cteList, if we are still working
     * on planning the CTEs (ie, this is a side-reference from another CTE).
     * So we mustn't use forboth here.
     */
    ndx = 0;
    foreach(lc, cteroot->parse->cteList)
    {
        CommonTableExpr *cte = (CommonTableExpr *) lfirst(lc);

        if (strcmp(cte->ctename, rte->ctename) == 0)
            break;
        ndx++;
    }
    if (lc == NULL)             /* shouldn't happen */
        elog(ERROR, "could not find CTE \"%s\"", rte->ctename);
    if (ndx >= list_length(cteroot->cte_plan_ids))
        elog(ERROR, "could not find plan for CTE \"%s\"", rte->ctename);
    plan_id = list_nth_int(cteroot->cte_plan_ids, ndx);
    Assert(plan_id > 0);
    cteplan = (Plan *) list_nth(root->glob->subplans, plan_id - 1);

    /* Mark rel with estimated output rows, width, etc */
    set_cte_size_estimates(root, rel, cteplan);

    /*
     * We don't support pushing join clauses into the quals of a CTE scan, but
     * it could still have required parameterization due to LATERAL refs in
     * its tlist.  (That can only happen if the CTE scan is on a relation
     * pulled up out of a UNION ALL appendrel.)
     */
    required_outer = rel->lateral_relids;

    /* Generate appropriate path */
    add_path(rel, create_ctescan_path(root, rel, required_outer));

    /* Select cheapest path (pretty easy in this case...) */
    set_cheapest(rel);
}

static void set_dummy_rel_pathlist ( RelOptInfo rel  )  [static]

Definition at line 995 of file allpaths.c.

References add_path(), create_append_path(), NIL, NULL, RelOptInfo::pathlist, RelOptInfo::rows, set_cheapest(), and RelOptInfo::width.

Referenced by set_append_rel_size(), set_rel_size(), and set_subquery_pathlist().

{
    /* Set dummy size estimates --- we leave attr_widths[] as zeroes */
    rel->rows = 0;
    rel->width = 0;

    /* Discard any pre-existing paths; no further need for them */
    rel->pathlist = NIL;

    add_path(rel, (Path *) create_append_path(rel, NIL, NULL));

    /* Select cheapest path (pretty easy in this case...) */
    set_cheapest(rel);
}

static void set_foreign_pathlist ( PlannerInfo root,
RelOptInfo rel,
RangeTblEntry rte 
) [static]

Definition at line 422 of file allpaths.c.

References RelOptInfo::fdwroutine, FdwRoutine::GetForeignPaths, RangeTblEntry::relid, and set_cheapest().

Referenced by set_rel_pathlist().

{
    /* Call the FDW's GetForeignPaths function to generate path(s) */
    rel->fdwroutine->GetForeignPaths(root, rel, rte->relid);

    /* Select cheapest path */
    set_cheapest(rel);
}

static void set_foreign_size ( PlannerInfo root,
RelOptInfo rel,
RangeTblEntry rte 
) [static]

Definition at line 408 of file allpaths.c.

References RelOptInfo::fdwroutine, FdwRoutine::GetForeignRelSize, RangeTblEntry::relid, and set_foreign_size_estimates().

Referenced by set_rel_size().

{
    /* Mark rel with estimated output rows, width, etc */
    set_foreign_size_estimates(root, rel);

    /* Let FDW adjust the size estimates, if it can */
    rel->fdwroutine->GetForeignRelSize(root, rel, rte->relid);
}

static void set_function_pathlist ( PlannerInfo root,
RelOptInfo rel,
RangeTblEntry rte 
) [static]

Definition at line 1190 of file allpaths.c.

References add_path(), create_functionscan_path(), RelOptInfo::lateral_relids, and set_cheapest().

Referenced by set_rel_pathlist().

{
    Relids      required_outer;

    /*
     * We don't support pushing join clauses into the quals of a function
     * scan, but it could still have required parameterization due to LATERAL
     * refs in the function expression.
     */
    required_outer = rel->lateral_relids;

    /* Generate appropriate path */
    add_path(rel, create_functionscan_path(root, rel, required_outer));

    /* Select cheapest path (pretty easy in this case...) */
    set_cheapest(rel);
}

static void set_plain_rel_pathlist ( PlannerInfo root,
RelOptInfo rel,
RangeTblEntry rte 
) [static]

Definition at line 378 of file allpaths.c.

References add_path(), create_index_paths(), create_seqscan_path(), create_tidscan_paths(), RelOptInfo::lateral_relids, and set_cheapest().

Referenced by set_rel_pathlist().

{
    Relids      required_outer;

    /*
     * We don't support pushing join clauses into the quals of a seqscan, but
     * it could still have required parameterization due to LATERAL refs in
     * its tlist.  (That can only happen if the seqscan is on a relation
     * pulled up out of a UNION ALL appendrel.)
     */
    required_outer = rel->lateral_relids;

    /* Consider sequential scan */
    add_path(rel, create_seqscan_path(root, rel, required_outer));

    /* Consider index scans */
    create_index_paths(root, rel);

    /* Consider TID scans */
    create_tidscan_paths(root, rel);

    /* Now find the cheapest of the paths for this rel */
    set_cheapest(rel);
}

static void set_plain_rel_size ( PlannerInfo root,
RelOptInfo rel,
RangeTblEntry rte 
) [static]

Definition at line 350 of file allpaths.c.

References check_partial_indexes(), create_or_index_quals(), and set_baserel_size_estimates().

Referenced by set_rel_size().

{
    /*
     * Test any partial indexes of rel for applicability.  We must do this
     * first since partial unique indexes can affect size estimates.
     */
    check_partial_indexes(root, rel);

    /* Mark rel with estimated output rows, width, etc */
    set_baserel_size_estimates(root, rel);

    /*
     * Check to see if we can extract any restriction conditions from join
     * quals that are OR-of-AND structures.  If so, add them to the rel's
     * restriction list, and redo the above steps.
     */
    if (create_or_index_quals(root, rel))
    {
        check_partial_indexes(root, rel);
        set_baserel_size_estimates(root, rel);
    }
}

static void set_rel_pathlist ( PlannerInfo root,
RelOptInfo rel,
Index  rti,
RangeTblEntry rte 
) [static]

Definition at line 292 of file allpaths.c.

References elog, ERROR, RangeTblEntry::inh, IS_DUMMY_REL, RangeTblEntry::relkind, RELKIND_FOREIGN_TABLE, RTE_CTE, RTE_FUNCTION, RTE_RELATION, RTE_SUBQUERY, RTE_VALUES, RelOptInfo::rtekind, set_append_rel_pathlist(), set_foreign_pathlist(), set_function_pathlist(), set_plain_rel_pathlist(), and set_values_pathlist().

Referenced by set_append_rel_pathlist(), and set_base_rel_pathlists().

{
    if (IS_DUMMY_REL(rel))
    {
        /* We already proved the relation empty, so nothing more to do */
    }
    else if (rte->inh)
    {
        /* It's an "append relation", process accordingly */
        set_append_rel_pathlist(root, rel, rti, rte);
    }
    else
    {
        switch (rel->rtekind)
        {
            case RTE_RELATION:
                if (rte->relkind == RELKIND_FOREIGN_TABLE)
                {
                    /* Foreign table */
                    set_foreign_pathlist(root, rel, rte);
                }
                else
                {
                    /* Plain relation */
                    set_plain_rel_pathlist(root, rel, rte);
                }
                break;
            case RTE_SUBQUERY:
                /* Subquery --- fully handled during set_rel_size */
                break;
            case RTE_FUNCTION:
                /* RangeFunction */
                set_function_pathlist(root, rel, rte);
                break;
            case RTE_VALUES:
                /* Values list */
                set_values_pathlist(root, rel, rte);
                break;
            case RTE_CTE:
                /* CTE reference --- fully handled during set_rel_size */
                break;
            default:
                elog(ERROR, "unexpected rtekind: %d", (int) rel->rtekind);
                break;
        }
    }

#ifdef OPTIMIZER_DEBUG
    debug_print_rel(root, rel);
#endif
}

static void set_rel_size ( PlannerInfo root,
RelOptInfo rel,
Index  rti,
RangeTblEntry rte 
) [static]

Definition at line 213 of file allpaths.c.

References elog, ERROR, RangeTblEntry::inh, relation_excluded_by_constraints(), RangeTblEntry::relkind, RELKIND_FOREIGN_TABLE, RELOPT_BASEREL, RelOptInfo::reloptkind, RTE_CTE, RTE_FUNCTION, RTE_RELATION, RTE_SUBQUERY, RTE_VALUES, RelOptInfo::rtekind, RangeTblEntry::self_reference, set_append_rel_size(), set_cte_pathlist(), set_dummy_rel_pathlist(), set_foreign_size(), set_function_size_estimates(), set_plain_rel_size(), set_subquery_pathlist(), set_values_size_estimates(), and set_worktable_pathlist().

Referenced by set_append_rel_size(), and set_base_rel_sizes().

{
    if (rel->reloptkind == RELOPT_BASEREL &&
        relation_excluded_by_constraints(root, rel, rte))
    {
        /*
         * We proved we don't need to scan the rel via constraint exclusion,
         * so set up a single dummy path for it.  Here we only check this for
         * regular baserels; if it's an otherrel, CE was already checked in
         * set_append_rel_pathlist().
         *
         * In this case, we go ahead and set up the relation's path right away
         * instead of leaving it for set_rel_pathlist to do.  This is because
         * we don't have a convention for marking a rel as dummy except by
         * assigning a dummy path to it.
         */
        set_dummy_rel_pathlist(rel);
    }
    else if (rte->inh)
    {
        /* It's an "append relation", process accordingly */
        set_append_rel_size(root, rel, rti, rte);
    }
    else
    {
        switch (rel->rtekind)
        {
            case RTE_RELATION:
                if (rte->relkind == RELKIND_FOREIGN_TABLE)
                {
                    /* Foreign table */
                    set_foreign_size(root, rel, rte);
                }
                else
                {
                    /* Plain relation */
                    set_plain_rel_size(root, rel, rte);
                }
                break;
            case RTE_SUBQUERY:

                /*
                 * Subqueries don't support making a choice between
                 * parameterized and unparameterized paths, so just go ahead
                 * and build their paths immediately.
                 */
                set_subquery_pathlist(root, rel, rti, rte);
                break;
            case RTE_FUNCTION:
                set_function_size_estimates(root, rel);
                break;
            case RTE_VALUES:
                set_values_size_estimates(root, rel);
                break;
            case RTE_CTE:

                /*
                 * CTEs don't support making a choice between parameterized
                 * and unparameterized paths, so just go ahead and build their
                 * paths immediately.
                 */
                if (rte->self_reference)
                    set_worktable_pathlist(root, rel, rte);
                else
                    set_cte_pathlist(root, rel, rte);
                break;
            default:
                elog(ERROR, "unexpected rtekind: %d", (int) rel->rtekind);
                break;
        }
    }
}

static void set_subquery_pathlist ( PlannerInfo root,
RelOptInfo rel,
Index  rti,
RangeTblEntry rte 
) [static]

Definition at line 1045 of file allpaths.c.

References add_path(), Assert, RelOptInfo::baserestrictinfo, RestrictInfo::clause, contain_leaky_functions(), convert_subquery_pathkeys(), copyObject(), create_subqueryscan_path(), Query::distinctClause, PlannerInfo::glob, Query::groupClause, has_multiple_baserels(), Query::hasAggs, Query::havingQual, is_dummy_plan(), lappend(), RelOptInfo::lateral_relids, lfirst, list_length(), NIL, palloc0(), PlannerInfo::parse, parse(), pfree(), PlannerInfo::plan_params, RestrictInfo::pseudoconstant, qual_is_pushdown_safe(), PlannerInfo::query_pathkeys, RangeTblEntry::security_barrier, set_cheapest(), set_dummy_rel_pathlist(), set_subquery_size_estimates(), Query::sortClause, RelOptInfo::subplan, RelOptInfo::subplan_params, RangeTblEntry::subquery, subquery_is_pushdown_safe(), subquery_planner(), subquery_push_qual(), RelOptInfo::subroot, Query::targetList, and PlannerInfo::tuple_fraction.

Referenced by set_rel_size().

{
    Query      *parse = root->parse;
    Query      *subquery = rte->subquery;
    Relids      required_outer;
    bool       *differentTypes;
    double      tuple_fraction;
    PlannerInfo *subroot;
    List       *pathkeys;

    /*
     * Must copy the Query so that planning doesn't mess up the RTE contents
     * (really really need to fix the planner to not scribble on its input,
     * someday).
     */
    subquery = copyObject(subquery);

    /*
     * If it's a LATERAL subquery, it might contain some Vars of the current
     * query level, requiring it to be treated as parameterized, even though
     * we don't support pushing down join quals into subqueries.
     */
    required_outer = rel->lateral_relids;

    /* We need a workspace for keeping track of set-op type coercions */
    differentTypes = (bool *)
        palloc0((list_length(subquery->targetList) + 1) * sizeof(bool));

    /*
     * If there are any restriction clauses that have been attached to the
     * subquery relation, consider pushing them down to become WHERE or HAVING
     * quals of the subquery itself.  This transformation is useful because it
     * may allow us to generate a better plan for the subquery than evaluating
     * all the subquery output rows and then filtering them.
     *
     * There are several cases where we cannot push down clauses. Restrictions
     * involving the subquery are checked by subquery_is_pushdown_safe().
     * Restrictions on individual clauses are checked by
     * qual_is_pushdown_safe().  Also, we don't want to push down
     * pseudoconstant clauses; better to have the gating node above the
     * subquery.
     *
     * Also, if the sub-query has the "security_barrier" flag, it means the
     * sub-query originated from a view that must enforce row-level security.
     * Then we must not push down quals that contain leaky functions.
     *
     * Non-pushed-down clauses will get evaluated as qpquals of the
     * SubqueryScan node.
     *
     * XXX Are there any cases where we want to make a policy decision not to
     * push down a pushable qual, because it'd result in a worse plan?
     */
    if (rel->baserestrictinfo != NIL &&
        subquery_is_pushdown_safe(subquery, subquery, differentTypes))
    {
        /* OK to consider pushing down individual quals */
        List       *upperrestrictlist = NIL;
        ListCell   *l;

        foreach(l, rel->baserestrictinfo)
        {
            RestrictInfo *rinfo = (RestrictInfo *) lfirst(l);
            Node       *clause = (Node *) rinfo->clause;

            if (!rinfo->pseudoconstant &&
                (!rte->security_barrier ||
                 !contain_leaky_functions(clause)) &&
                qual_is_pushdown_safe(subquery, rti, clause, differentTypes))
            {
                /* Push it down */
                subquery_push_qual(subquery, rte, rti, clause);
            }
            else
            {
                /* Keep it in the upper query */
                upperrestrictlist = lappend(upperrestrictlist, rinfo);
            }
        }
        rel->baserestrictinfo = upperrestrictlist;
    }

    pfree(differentTypes);

    /*
     * We can safely pass the outer tuple_fraction down to the subquery if the
     * outer level has no joining, aggregation, or sorting to do. Otherwise
     * we'd better tell the subquery to plan for full retrieval. (XXX This
     * could probably be made more intelligent ...)
     */
    if (parse->hasAggs ||
        parse->groupClause ||
        parse->havingQual ||
        parse->distinctClause ||
        parse->sortClause ||
        has_multiple_baserels(root))
        tuple_fraction = 0.0;   /* default case */
    else
        tuple_fraction = root->tuple_fraction;

    /* plan_params should not be in use in current query level */
    Assert(root->plan_params == NIL);

    /* Generate the plan for the subquery */
    rel->subplan = subquery_planner(root->glob, subquery,
                                    root,
                                    false, tuple_fraction,
                                    &subroot);
    rel->subroot = subroot;

    /* Isolate the params needed by this specific subplan */
    rel->subplan_params = root->plan_params;
    root->plan_params = NIL;

    /*
     * It's possible that constraint exclusion proved the subquery empty. If
     * so, it's convenient to turn it back into a dummy path so that we will
     * recognize appropriate optimizations at this query level.  (But see
     * create_append_plan in createplan.c, which has to reverse this
     * substitution.)
     */
    if (is_dummy_plan(rel->subplan))
    {
        set_dummy_rel_pathlist(rel);
        return;
    }

    /* Mark rel with estimated output rows, width, etc */
    set_subquery_size_estimates(root, rel);

    /* Convert subquery pathkeys to outer representation */
    pathkeys = convert_subquery_pathkeys(root, rel, subroot->query_pathkeys);

    /* Generate appropriate path */
    add_path(rel, create_subqueryscan_path(root, rel, pathkeys, required_outer));

    /* Select cheapest path (pretty easy in this case...) */
    set_cheapest(rel);
}

static void set_values_pathlist ( PlannerInfo root,
RelOptInfo rel,
RangeTblEntry rte 
) [static]

Definition at line 1213 of file allpaths.c.

References add_path(), create_valuesscan_path(), RelOptInfo::lateral_relids, and set_cheapest().

Referenced by set_rel_pathlist().

{
    Relids      required_outer;

    /*
     * We don't support pushing join clauses into the quals of a values scan,
     * but it could still have required parameterization due to LATERAL refs
     * in the values expressions.
     */
    required_outer = rel->lateral_relids;

    /* Generate appropriate path */
    add_path(rel, create_valuesscan_path(root, rel, required_outer));

    /* Select cheapest path (pretty easy in this case...) */
    set_cheapest(rel);
}

static void set_worktable_pathlist ( PlannerInfo root,
RelOptInfo rel,
RangeTblEntry rte 
) [static]

Definition at line 1309 of file allpaths.c.

References add_path(), create_worktablescan_path(), RangeTblEntry::ctelevelsup, RangeTblEntry::ctename, elog, ERROR, RelOptInfo::lateral_relids, PlannerInfo::non_recursive_plan, PlannerInfo::parent_root, set_cheapest(), and set_cte_size_estimates().

Referenced by set_rel_size().

{
    Plan       *cteplan;
    PlannerInfo *cteroot;
    Index       levelsup;
    Relids      required_outer;

    /*
     * We need to find the non-recursive term's plan, which is in the plan
     * level that's processing the recursive UNION, which is one level *below*
     * where the CTE comes from.
     */
    levelsup = rte->ctelevelsup;
    if (levelsup == 0)          /* shouldn't happen */
        elog(ERROR, "bad levelsup for CTE \"%s\"", rte->ctename);
    levelsup--;
    cteroot = root;
    while (levelsup-- > 0)
    {
        cteroot = cteroot->parent_root;
        if (!cteroot)           /* shouldn't happen */
            elog(ERROR, "bad levelsup for CTE \"%s\"", rte->ctename);
    }
    cteplan = cteroot->non_recursive_plan;
    if (!cteplan)               /* shouldn't happen */
        elog(ERROR, "could not find plan for CTE \"%s\"", rte->ctename);

    /* Mark rel with estimated output rows, width, etc */
    set_cte_size_estimates(root, rel, cteplan);

    /*
     * We don't support pushing join clauses into the quals of a worktable
     * scan, but it could still have required parameterization due to LATERAL
     * refs in its tlist.  (That can only happen if the worktable scan is on a
     * relation pulled up out of a UNION ALL appendrel.  I'm not sure this is
     * actually possible given the restrictions on recursive references, but
     * it's easy enough to support.)
     */
    required_outer = rel->lateral_relids;

    /* Generate appropriate path */
    add_path(rel, create_worktablescan_path(root, rel, required_outer));

    /* Select cheapest path (pretty easy in this case...) */
    set_cheapest(rel);
}

RelOptInfo* standard_join_search ( PlannerInfo root,
int  levels_needed,
List initial_rels 
)

Definition at line 1469 of file allpaths.c.

References Assert, elog, ERROR, PlannerInfo::join_rel_level, join_search_one_level(), lfirst, linitial, list_length(), NIL, NULL, palloc0(), and set_cheapest().

Referenced by make_rel_from_joinlist().

{
    int         lev;
    RelOptInfo *rel;

    /*
     * This function cannot be invoked recursively within any one planning
     * problem, so join_rel_level[] can't be in use already.
     */
    Assert(root->join_rel_level == NULL);

    /*
     * We employ a simple "dynamic programming" algorithm: we first find all
     * ways to build joins of two jointree items, then all ways to build joins
     * of three items (from two-item joins and single items), then four-item
     * joins, and so on until we have considered all ways to join all the
     * items into one rel.
     *
     * root->join_rel_level[j] is a list of all the j-item rels.  Initially we
     * set root->join_rel_level[1] to represent all the single-jointree-item
     * relations.
     */
    root->join_rel_level = (List **) palloc0((levels_needed + 1) * sizeof(List *));

    root->join_rel_level[1] = initial_rels;

    for (lev = 2; lev <= levels_needed; lev++)
    {
        ListCell   *lc;

        /*
         * Determine all possible pairs of relations to be joined at this
         * level, and build paths for making each one from every available
         * pair of lower-level relations.
         */
        join_search_one_level(root, lev);

        /*
         * Do cleanup work on each just-processed rel.
         */
        foreach(lc, root->join_rel_level[lev])
        {
            rel = (RelOptInfo *) lfirst(lc);

            /* Find and save the cheapest paths for this rel */
            set_cheapest(rel);

#ifdef OPTIMIZER_DEBUG
            debug_print_rel(root, rel);
#endif
        }
    }

    /*
     * We should have a single rel at the final level.
     */
    if (root->join_rel_level[levels_needed] == NIL)
        elog(ERROR, "failed to build any %d-way joins", levels_needed);
    Assert(list_length(root->join_rel_level[levels_needed]) == 1);

    rel = (RelOptInfo *) linitial(root->join_rel_level[levels_needed]);

    root->join_rel_level = NULL;

    return rel;
}

static bool subquery_is_pushdown_safe ( Query subquery,
Query topquery,
bool differentTypes 
) [static]

Definition at line 1567 of file allpaths.c.

References Assert, SetOperationStmt::colTypes, compare_tlist_datatypes(), Query::hasWindowFuncs, IsA, Query::limitCount, Query::limitOffset, NULL, recurse_pushdown_safe(), Query::setOperations, and Query::targetList.

Referenced by recurse_pushdown_safe(), and set_subquery_pathlist().

{
    SetOperationStmt *topop;

    /* Check point 1 */
    if (subquery->limitOffset != NULL || subquery->limitCount != NULL)
        return false;

    /* Check point 2 */
    if (subquery->hasWindowFuncs)
        return false;

    /* Are we at top level, or looking at a setop component? */
    if (subquery == topquery)
    {
        /* Top level, so check any component queries */
        if (subquery->setOperations != NULL)
            if (!recurse_pushdown_safe(subquery->setOperations, topquery,
                                       differentTypes))
                return false;
    }
    else
    {
        /* Setop component must not have more components (too weird) */
        if (subquery->setOperations != NULL)
            return false;
        /* Check whether setop component output types match top level */
        topop = (SetOperationStmt *) topquery->setOperations;
        Assert(topop && IsA(topop, SetOperationStmt));
        compare_tlist_datatypes(subquery->targetList,
                                topop->colTypes,
                                differentTypes);
    }
    return true;
}

static void subquery_push_qual ( Query subquery,
RangeTblEntry rte,
Index  rti,
Node qual 
) [static]

Definition at line 1818 of file allpaths.c.

References Query::groupClause, Query::hasAggs, Query::hasSubLinks, Query::havingQual, Query::jointree, make_and_qual(), NULL, FromExpr::quals, recurse_push_qual(), REPLACEVARS_REPORT_ERROR, ReplaceVarsFromTargetList(), Query::setOperations, and Query::targetList.

Referenced by recurse_push_qual(), and set_subquery_pathlist().

{
    if (subquery->setOperations != NULL)
    {
        /* Recurse to push it separately to each component query */
        recurse_push_qual(subquery->setOperations, subquery,
                          rte, rti, qual);
    }
    else
    {
        /*
         * We need to replace Vars in the qual (which must refer to outputs of
         * the subquery) with copies of the subquery's targetlist expressions.
         * Note that at this point, any uplevel Vars in the qual should have
         * been replaced with Params, so they need no work.
         *
         * This step also ensures that when we are pushing into a setop tree,
         * each component query gets its own copy of the qual.
         */
        qual = ReplaceVarsFromTargetList(qual, rti, 0, rte,
                                         subquery->targetList,
                                         REPLACEVARS_REPORT_ERROR, 0,
                                         &subquery->hasSubLinks);

        /*
         * Now attach the qual to the proper place: normally WHERE, but if the
         * subquery uses grouping or aggregation, put it in HAVING (since the
         * qual really refers to the group-result rows).
         */
        if (subquery->hasAggs || subquery->groupClause || subquery->havingQual)
            subquery->havingQual = make_and_qual(subquery->havingQual, qual);
        else
            subquery->jointree->quals =
                make_and_qual(subquery->jointree->quals, qual);

        /*
         * We need not change the subquery's hasAggs or hasSublinks flags,
         * since we can't be pushing down any aggregates that weren't there
         * before, and we don't push down subselects at all.
         */
    }
}


Variable Documentation

bool enable_geqo = false

Definition at line 43 of file allpaths.c.

Referenced by make_rel_from_joinlist().

Definition at line 44 of file allpaths.c.

Referenced by make_rel_from_joinlist().

Definition at line 47 of file allpaths.c.

Referenced by make_rel_from_joinlist().