Configure access and security for instances

To generate a keypair, call the novaclient.v1_1.keypairs.KeypairManager.create method:

import novaclient.v1_1.client as nvclient
nova = nvclient.Client(...)
keypair_name = "staging"
keypair = nova.keypairs.create(name=keypair_name)
print keypair.private_key

The Python script output looks something like this:

-----BEGIN RSA PRIVATE KEY-----
MIIEowIBAAKCAQEA8XkaMqInSPfy0hMfWO+OZRtIgrQAbQkNcaNHmv2GN2G6xZlb\nuBRux5Xk/6SZ
ABaNPm1nRWm/ZDHnxCsFTcAl2LYOQXx3Cl2qKNY4r2di4G48GAkd\n7k5lDP2RgQatUM8npO0CD9PU
...
mmrceYYK08/lQ7JKLmVkdzdQKt77+v1oBBuHiykLfI6h1m77NRDw9r8cV\nzczYeoALifpjTPMkKS8
ECfDCuDn/vc9K1He8CRaJHf8AMLQLM3MN
-----END RSA PRIVATE KEY-----

You typically write the private key to a file to use it later. The file must be readable and writeable by only the file owner; otherwise, the SSH client will refuse to read the private key file. It is safest to create the file with the appropriate permissions, as shown in the following example:

import novaclient.v1_1.client as nvclient
import os
nova = nvclient.Client(...)
keypair_name = "staging"
private_key_filename = "/home/alice/id-staging"
keypair = nova.keypairs.create(name=keypair_name)

# Create a file for writing that can only be read and written by owner
fp = os.open(private_key_filename, os.O_WRONLY | os.O_CREAT, 0o600)
with os.fdopen(fp, 'w') as f:
    f.write(keypair.private_key)

If you have already generated a keypair with the public key located at ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub, pass the contents of the file to the novaclient.v1_1.keypairs.KeypairManager.create method to import the public key to Compute:

import novaclient.v1_1.client as nvclient
import os.path
with open(os.path.expanduser('~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub')) as f:
    public_key = f.read()
nova = nvclient.Client(...)
nova.keypairs.create('mykey', public_key)

To list keypairs, call the novaclient.v1_1.keypairs.KeypairManager.list method:

import novaclient.v1_1.client as nvclient
nova = nvclient.Client(...)
keypairs = nova.keypairs.list()

To list security groups for the current project, call the novaclient.v_1.security_groups.SecurityGroupManager.list method:

import novaclient.v1_1.client as nvclient
nova = nvclient.Client(...)
security_groups = nova.security_groups.list()

To create a security group with a specified name and description, call the novaclient.v_1.security_groups.SecurityGroupManager.create method:

import novaclient.v1_1.client as nvclient
nova = nvclient.Client(...)
nova.security_groups.create(name="web", description="Web servers")

To delete a security group, call the novaclient.v_1.security_groups.SecurityGroupManager.delete method, passing either a novaclient.v1_1.security_groups.SecurityGroup object or group ID as an argument:

import novaclient.v1_1.client as nvclient
nova = nvclient.Client(...)
group = nova.security_groups.find(name="web")
nova.security_groups.delete(group)
# The following lines would also delete the group:
# nova.security_groups.delete(group.id)
# group.delete()

Access the security group rules from the rules attribute of a novaclient.v1_1.security_groups.SecurityGroup object:

import novaclient.v1_1.client as nvclient
nova = nvclient.Client(...)
group = nova.security_groups.find(name="web")
print group.rules

To add a rule, to a security group, call the novaclient.v1_1.security_group_rules.SecurityGroupRuleManager.create method:

import novaclient.v1_1.client as nvclient
nova = nvclient.Client(...)
group = nova.security_groups.find(name="web")
# Add rules for ICMP, tcp/80 and tcp/443
nova.security_group_rules.create(group.id, ip_protocol="icmp",
                                 from_port=-1, to_port=-1)
nova.security_group_rules.create(group.id, ip_protocol="tcp",
                                 from_port=80, to_port=80)
nova.security_group_rules.create(group.id, ip_protocol="tcp",
                                 from_port=443, to_port=443)