Setup IPsec Road-Warrior

Road Warriors are remote users who need secure access to the companies infrastructure. IPsec Mobile Clients offer a solution that is easy to setup with OSX (native) and is know to work with iOS as well as many Android devices.

For more flexibility use SSL VPN’s, OPNsense utilizes OpenVPN for this purpose.

With this example we’ll show you how to configure the Mobile Client Setup in OPNsense and give you configuration examples for:

  • OSX
  • iOS
  • Android

Note

For the sample we will use a private ip for our WAN connection. This requires us to disable the default block rule on wan to allow private traffic. To do so, go to the Interfaces->[WAN] and uncheck “Block private networks”. (Dont forget to save and apply)

../../_images/block_private_networks.png

Sample Setup

For the sample configuration we configure OPNsense

Company Network with Remote Client

Company Network

Hostname fw1
WAN IP 172.18.0.164
LAN IP 192.168.1.0/24
LAN DHCP Range 192.168.1.100-192.168.1.200
IPsec Clients 10.10.0.0/24

Firewall Rules Mobile Users

To allow IPsec Tunnel Connections, the following should be allowed on WAN.

  • Protocol ESP
  • UDP Traffic on Port 500 (ISAKMP)
  • UDP Traffic on Port 4500 (NAT-T)
../../_images/ipsec_wan_rules.png

To allow traffic passing to your LAN subnet you need to add a rule to the IPsec interface.

../../_images/ipsec_ipsec_lan_rule.png

Step 1 - Mobile Clients

First we will need to setup the mobile clients network and authentication methods. Go to VPN->IPsec->Mobile Clients

For our example will use the following settings:

IKE Extensions

Enable checked check to enable mobile clients
User Authentication Local Database For the example we use the Local Database
Group Authentication none Leave on none
Virtual Address Pool 10.0.0.0/24 Enter the IP range for the remote clients

You can select other options, but we will leave them all unchecked for this example.

Save your settings and select Create Phase1 when it appears. Then enter the Mobile Client Phase 1 setting.

Step 2 - Phase 1 Mobile Clients

Phase 1 General information

Connection method default default is ‘Start on traffic’
Key Exchange version V1 only V1 is supported for mobile clients
Internet Protocol IPv4  
Interface WAN choose the interface connected to the internet
Description MobileIPsec freely chosen description

Phase 1 proposal (Authentication)

Authentication method Mutual PSK +Xauth Using a Pre-shared Key and Login
Negotiation mode Agressive Select Aggressive
My identifier My IP address Simple identification for fixed ip
Peer identifier User distinguished Identification for peer
Peer identifier vpnuser@example.com Our freely chosen identifier
Pre-Shared Key At4aDMOAOub2NwT6gMHA Random key. CREATE YOUR OWN!

Phase 1 proposal (Algorithms)

Encryption algorithm AES For our sample we will Use AES/256 bits
Hash algoritm SHA1 SHA1 for compatibility, you can try a stronger hash
DH key group 1024 bit 1024 bit for compatibility, you can try stronger group
Lifetime 28800 sec lifetime before renegotiation

Advanced Options

Disable Rekey Unchecked Renegotiate when connection is about to expire
Disable Reauth Unchecked For IKEv2 only re-authenticate peer on rekeying
NAT Traversal Enabled Enable for IKEv1
Dead Peer Detection Unchecked  

Save your setting by pressing:

../../_images/btn_save.png

Now you should see the following screen:

../../_images/ipsec_road_vpn_p1a.png

Step 3 - Phase 2 Mobile Clients

Press the button that says ‘+ Show 0 Phase-2 entries’

../../_images/ipsec_s2s_vpn_p1a_show_p2.png

You will see an empty list:

../../_images/ipsec_s2s_vpn_p1a_p2_empty.png

Now press the + at the right of this list to add a Phase 2 entry.

General information

Mode Tunnel IPv4 Select Tunnel mode
Description MobileIPsecP2 Freely chosen description

Local Network

Local Network LAN subnet Route the local LAN subnet

Phase 2 proposal (SA/Key Exchange)

Protocol ESP Choose ESP for encryption
Encryption algorithms AES / 256 For the sample we use AES 256
Hash algorithms SHA1 You may also try stronger SHA512
PFS Key group off Enable a group fro stronger security
Lifetime 3600 sec  

Save your setting by pressing:

../../_images/btn_save.png

Enable IPsec, Select:

../../_images/ipsec_s2s_vpn_p1a_enable.png

Save:

../../_images/btn_save.png

And Apply changes:

../../_images/ipsec_s2s_vpn_p1a_apply.png
../../_images/ipsec_s2s_vpn_p1a_success.png

Step 4 - Add IPsec Users

For this example we will create a new user who may access the mobile IPsec vpn.

Go to System->Access->Users and press the + sign in the lower right corner to add a new user.

Enter the following into the form:

User Name expert
Password &test!9T

Save this user and reopen in edit mode to add privileges.

Add privilege User - VPN - IPsec xauth Dialin by pressing the + under Effective Privileges.

Save to apply.

Step 5 - Configure Client

To illustrate the client setup we will look at the configuration under OSX, including some screenshots. The configurations for Android and iOS will be settings only.

Note

Configuration samples listed here where created using latest OSX, iOS and Android devices on time of publication in February 2016.

Configure OSX Client

Start with opening your network settings (System Preferences -> Network) and Add a new network by pressing the + in the lower left corner.

Now select VPN and Cisco IPSec, give your connection a name and press Create.

../../_images/osx-ipsec-new.png

Now enter the details for our connection:

../../_images/osx-ipsec-conf1.png

Next press Authentication Settings to add the group name and pre-shared key.

../../_images/osx-ipsec-conf2.png

Press OK to save these settings and then Apply to apply them.

Now test the connection by selecting it from the list and hit Connect.

../../_images/osx-ipsec-connected.png

Done

Configure iOS Client

To add a VPN connection on an iOS device go to Setting->General->VPN. Select Add VPN Configuration chose IPsec and use the Following Settings:

Description IPsec OPNsense Freely chosen description
Server 172.18.0.164 Our server address
Account expert Username of the remote account
Password &test!9T Leave blank to be prompted every time
IPsec-id vpnuser@example.com The peer identity we chose
Preshared IPsec-key At4aDMOAOub2NwT6gMHA Our PSK

Configure Android Client

To add a VPN connection on an Android device go to Settings -> Connections -> more networks , select VPN. Press the + in the top right corner to add a new vpn connection.

Use the Following Settings:

Name IPsec OPNsense Freely chosen name
Type IPSec Xauth PSK As configured in OPNsense
Server address 172.18.0.164 Our server address
IPsec-id vpnuser@example.com The peer identity we chose
Preshared IPsec-key At4aDMOAOub2NwT6gMHA Our PSK

Save and try connecting. To connect enter Username and Password for the user expert we created in this example.