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Theorem umgr3v3e3cycl 27044
Description: If and only if there is a 3-cycle in a multigraph, there are three (different) vertices in the graph which are mutually connected by edges. (Contributed by Alexander van der Vekens, 14-Nov-2017.) (Revised by AV, 12-Feb-2021.)
Hypotheses
Ref Expression
uhgr3cyclex.v 𝑉 = (Vtx‘𝐺)
uhgr3cyclex.e 𝐸 = (Edg‘𝐺)
Assertion
Ref Expression
umgr3v3e3cycl (𝐺 ∈ UMGraph → (∃𝑓𝑝(𝑓(Cycles‘𝐺)𝑝 ∧ (#‘𝑓) = 3) ↔ ∃𝑎𝑉𝑏𝑉𝑐𝑉 ({𝑎, 𝑏} ∈ 𝐸 ∧ {𝑏, 𝑐} ∈ 𝐸 ∧ {𝑐, 𝑎} ∈ 𝐸)))
Distinct variable groups:   𝑓,𝑝,𝐺   𝐸,𝑎,𝑏,𝑐,𝑓,𝑝   𝐺,𝑎,𝑏,𝑐   𝑉,𝑎,𝑏,𝑐,𝑓,𝑝

Proof of Theorem umgr3v3e3cycl
StepHypRef Expression
1 umgrupgr 25998 . . . . . 6 (𝐺 ∈ UMGraph → 𝐺 ∈ UPGraph )
21adantr 481 . . . . 5 ((𝐺 ∈ UMGraph ∧ (𝑓(Cycles‘𝐺)𝑝 ∧ (#‘𝑓) = 3)) → 𝐺 ∈ UPGraph )
3 simpl 473 . . . . . 6 ((𝑓(Cycles‘𝐺)𝑝 ∧ (#‘𝑓) = 3) → 𝑓(Cycles‘𝐺)𝑝)
43adantl 482 . . . . 5 ((𝐺 ∈ UMGraph ∧ (𝑓(Cycles‘𝐺)𝑝 ∧ (#‘𝑓) = 3)) → 𝑓(Cycles‘𝐺)𝑝)
5 simpr 477 . . . . . 6 ((𝑓(Cycles‘𝐺)𝑝 ∧ (#‘𝑓) = 3) → (#‘𝑓) = 3)
65adantl 482 . . . . 5 ((𝐺 ∈ UMGraph ∧ (𝑓(Cycles‘𝐺)𝑝 ∧ (#‘𝑓) = 3)) → (#‘𝑓) = 3)
7 uhgr3cyclex.e . . . . . . 7 𝐸 = (Edg‘𝐺)
8 uhgr3cyclex.v . . . . . . 7 𝑉 = (Vtx‘𝐺)
97, 8upgr3v3e3cycl 27040 . . . . . 6 ((𝐺 ∈ UPGraph ∧ 𝑓(Cycles‘𝐺)𝑝 ∧ (#‘𝑓) = 3) → ∃𝑎𝑉𝑏𝑉𝑐𝑉 (({𝑎, 𝑏} ∈ 𝐸 ∧ {𝑏, 𝑐} ∈ 𝐸 ∧ {𝑐, 𝑎} ∈ 𝐸) ∧ (𝑎𝑏𝑏𝑐𝑐𝑎)))
10 simpl 473 . . . . . . . . 9 ((({𝑎, 𝑏} ∈ 𝐸 ∧ {𝑏, 𝑐} ∈ 𝐸 ∧ {𝑐, 𝑎} ∈ 𝐸) ∧ (𝑎𝑏𝑏𝑐𝑐𝑎)) → ({𝑎, 𝑏} ∈ 𝐸 ∧ {𝑏, 𝑐} ∈ 𝐸 ∧ {𝑐, 𝑎} ∈ 𝐸))
1110reximi 3011 . . . . . . . 8 (∃𝑐𝑉 (({𝑎, 𝑏} ∈ 𝐸 ∧ {𝑏, 𝑐} ∈ 𝐸 ∧ {𝑐, 𝑎} ∈ 𝐸) ∧ (𝑎𝑏𝑏𝑐𝑐𝑎)) → ∃𝑐𝑉 ({𝑎, 𝑏} ∈ 𝐸 ∧ {𝑏, 𝑐} ∈ 𝐸 ∧ {𝑐, 𝑎} ∈ 𝐸))
1211reximi 3011 . . . . . . 7 (∃𝑏𝑉𝑐𝑉 (({𝑎, 𝑏} ∈ 𝐸 ∧ {𝑏, 𝑐} ∈ 𝐸 ∧ {𝑐, 𝑎} ∈ 𝐸) ∧ (𝑎𝑏𝑏𝑐𝑐𝑎)) → ∃𝑏𝑉𝑐𝑉 ({𝑎, 𝑏} ∈ 𝐸 ∧ {𝑏, 𝑐} ∈ 𝐸 ∧ {𝑐, 𝑎} ∈ 𝐸))
1312reximi 3011 . . . . . 6 (∃𝑎𝑉𝑏𝑉𝑐𝑉 (({𝑎, 𝑏} ∈ 𝐸 ∧ {𝑏, 𝑐} ∈ 𝐸 ∧ {𝑐, 𝑎} ∈ 𝐸) ∧ (𝑎𝑏𝑏𝑐𝑐𝑎)) → ∃𝑎𝑉𝑏𝑉𝑐𝑉 ({𝑎, 𝑏} ∈ 𝐸 ∧ {𝑏, 𝑐} ∈ 𝐸 ∧ {𝑐, 𝑎} ∈ 𝐸))
149, 13syl 17 . . . . 5 ((𝐺 ∈ UPGraph ∧ 𝑓(Cycles‘𝐺)𝑝 ∧ (#‘𝑓) = 3) → ∃𝑎𝑉𝑏𝑉𝑐𝑉 ({𝑎, 𝑏} ∈ 𝐸 ∧ {𝑏, 𝑐} ∈ 𝐸 ∧ {𝑐, 𝑎} ∈ 𝐸))
152, 4, 6, 14syl3anc 1326 . . . 4 ((𝐺 ∈ UMGraph ∧ (𝑓(Cycles‘𝐺)𝑝 ∧ (#‘𝑓) = 3)) → ∃𝑎𝑉𝑏𝑉𝑐𝑉 ({𝑎, 𝑏} ∈ 𝐸 ∧ {𝑏, 𝑐} ∈ 𝐸 ∧ {𝑐, 𝑎} ∈ 𝐸))
1615ex 450 . . 3 (𝐺 ∈ UMGraph → ((𝑓(Cycles‘𝐺)𝑝 ∧ (#‘𝑓) = 3) → ∃𝑎𝑉𝑏𝑉𝑐𝑉 ({𝑎, 𝑏} ∈ 𝐸 ∧ {𝑏, 𝑐} ∈ 𝐸 ∧ {𝑐, 𝑎} ∈ 𝐸)))
1716exlimdvv 1862 . 2 (𝐺 ∈ UMGraph → (∃𝑓𝑝(𝑓(Cycles‘𝐺)𝑝 ∧ (#‘𝑓) = 3) → ∃𝑎𝑉𝑏𝑉𝑐𝑉 ({𝑎, 𝑏} ∈ 𝐸 ∧ {𝑏, 𝑐} ∈ 𝐸 ∧ {𝑐, 𝑎} ∈ 𝐸)))
18 simplll 798 . . . . . 6 ((((𝐺 ∈ UMGraph ∧ (𝑎𝑉𝑏𝑉)) ∧ 𝑐𝑉) ∧ ({𝑎, 𝑏} ∈ 𝐸 ∧ {𝑏, 𝑐} ∈ 𝐸 ∧ {𝑐, 𝑎} ∈ 𝐸)) → 𝐺 ∈ UMGraph )
19 df-3an 1039 . . . . . . . 8 ((𝑎𝑉𝑏𝑉𝑐𝑉) ↔ ((𝑎𝑉𝑏𝑉) ∧ 𝑐𝑉))
2019biimpri 218 . . . . . . 7 (((𝑎𝑉𝑏𝑉) ∧ 𝑐𝑉) → (𝑎𝑉𝑏𝑉𝑐𝑉))
2120ad4ant23 1297 . . . . . 6 ((((𝐺 ∈ UMGraph ∧ (𝑎𝑉𝑏𝑉)) ∧ 𝑐𝑉) ∧ ({𝑎, 𝑏} ∈ 𝐸 ∧ {𝑏, 𝑐} ∈ 𝐸 ∧ {𝑐, 𝑎} ∈ 𝐸)) → (𝑎𝑉𝑏𝑉𝑐𝑉))
22 simpr 477 . . . . . 6 ((((𝐺 ∈ UMGraph ∧ (𝑎𝑉𝑏𝑉)) ∧ 𝑐𝑉) ∧ ({𝑎, 𝑏} ∈ 𝐸 ∧ {𝑏, 𝑐} ∈ 𝐸 ∧ {𝑐, 𝑎} ∈ 𝐸)) → ({𝑎, 𝑏} ∈ 𝐸 ∧ {𝑏, 𝑐} ∈ 𝐸 ∧ {𝑐, 𝑎} ∈ 𝐸))
238, 7umgr3cyclex 27043 . . . . . . 7 ((𝐺 ∈ UMGraph ∧ (𝑎𝑉𝑏𝑉𝑐𝑉) ∧ ({𝑎, 𝑏} ∈ 𝐸 ∧ {𝑏, 𝑐} ∈ 𝐸 ∧ {𝑐, 𝑎} ∈ 𝐸)) → ∃𝑓𝑝(𝑓(Cycles‘𝐺)𝑝 ∧ (#‘𝑓) = 3 ∧ (𝑝‘0) = 𝑎))
24 3simpa 1058 . . . . . . . 8 ((𝑓(Cycles‘𝐺)𝑝 ∧ (#‘𝑓) = 3 ∧ (𝑝‘0) = 𝑎) → (𝑓(Cycles‘𝐺)𝑝 ∧ (#‘𝑓) = 3))
25242eximi 1763 . . . . . . 7 (∃𝑓𝑝(𝑓(Cycles‘𝐺)𝑝 ∧ (#‘𝑓) = 3 ∧ (𝑝‘0) = 𝑎) → ∃𝑓𝑝(𝑓(Cycles‘𝐺)𝑝 ∧ (#‘𝑓) = 3))
2623, 25syl 17 . . . . . 6 ((𝐺 ∈ UMGraph ∧ (𝑎𝑉𝑏𝑉𝑐𝑉) ∧ ({𝑎, 𝑏} ∈ 𝐸 ∧ {𝑏, 𝑐} ∈ 𝐸 ∧ {𝑐, 𝑎} ∈ 𝐸)) → ∃𝑓𝑝(𝑓(Cycles‘𝐺)𝑝 ∧ (#‘𝑓) = 3))
2718, 21, 22, 26syl3anc 1326 . . . . 5 ((((𝐺 ∈ UMGraph ∧ (𝑎𝑉𝑏𝑉)) ∧ 𝑐𝑉) ∧ ({𝑎, 𝑏} ∈ 𝐸 ∧ {𝑏, 𝑐} ∈ 𝐸 ∧ {𝑐, 𝑎} ∈ 𝐸)) → ∃𝑓𝑝(𝑓(Cycles‘𝐺)𝑝 ∧ (#‘𝑓) = 3))
2827ex 450 . . . 4 (((𝐺 ∈ UMGraph ∧ (𝑎𝑉𝑏𝑉)) ∧ 𝑐𝑉) → (({𝑎, 𝑏} ∈ 𝐸 ∧ {𝑏, 𝑐} ∈ 𝐸 ∧ {𝑐, 𝑎} ∈ 𝐸) → ∃𝑓𝑝(𝑓(Cycles‘𝐺)𝑝 ∧ (#‘𝑓) = 3)))
2928rexlimdva 3031 . . 3 ((𝐺 ∈ UMGraph ∧ (𝑎𝑉𝑏𝑉)) → (∃𝑐𝑉 ({𝑎, 𝑏} ∈ 𝐸 ∧ {𝑏, 𝑐} ∈ 𝐸 ∧ {𝑐, 𝑎} ∈ 𝐸) → ∃𝑓𝑝(𝑓(Cycles‘𝐺)𝑝 ∧ (#‘𝑓) = 3)))
3029rexlimdvva 3038 . 2 (𝐺 ∈ UMGraph → (∃𝑎𝑉𝑏𝑉𝑐𝑉 ({𝑎, 𝑏} ∈ 𝐸 ∧ {𝑏, 𝑐} ∈ 𝐸 ∧ {𝑐, 𝑎} ∈ 𝐸) → ∃𝑓𝑝(𝑓(Cycles‘𝐺)𝑝 ∧ (#‘𝑓) = 3)))
3117, 30impbid 202 1 (𝐺 ∈ UMGraph → (∃𝑓𝑝(𝑓(Cycles‘𝐺)𝑝 ∧ (#‘𝑓) = 3) ↔ ∃𝑎𝑉𝑏𝑉𝑐𝑉 ({𝑎, 𝑏} ∈ 𝐸 ∧ {𝑏, 𝑐} ∈ 𝐸 ∧ {𝑐, 𝑎} ∈ 𝐸)))
Colors of variables: wff setvar class
Syntax hints:  wi 4  wb 196  wa 384  w3a 1037   = wceq 1483  wex 1704  wcel 1990  wne 2794  wrex 2913  {cpr 4179   class class class wbr 4653  cfv 5888  0cc0 9936  3c3 11071  #chash 13117  Vtxcvtx 25874  Edgcedg 25939   UPGraph cupgr 25975   UMGraph cumgr 25976  Cyclesccycls 26680
This theorem was proved from axioms:  ax-mp 5  ax-1 6  ax-2 7  ax-3 8  ax-gen 1722  ax-4 1737  ax-5 1839  ax-6 1888  ax-7 1935  ax-8 1992  ax-9 1999  ax-10 2019  ax-11 2034  ax-12 2047  ax-13 2246  ax-ext 2602  ax-rep 4771  ax-sep 4781  ax-nul 4789  ax-pow 4843  ax-pr 4906  ax-un 6949  ax-cnex 9992  ax-resscn 9993  ax-1cn 9994  ax-icn 9995  ax-addcl 9996  ax-addrcl 9997  ax-mulcl 9998  ax-mulrcl 9999  ax-mulcom 10000  ax-addass 10001  ax-mulass 10002  ax-distr 10003  ax-i2m1 10004  ax-1ne0 10005  ax-1rid 10006  ax-rnegex 10007  ax-rrecex 10008  ax-cnre 10009  ax-pre-lttri 10010  ax-pre-lttrn 10011  ax-pre-ltadd 10012  ax-pre-mulgt0 10013
This theorem depends on definitions:  df-bi 197  df-or 385  df-an 386  df-ifp 1013  df-3or 1038  df-3an 1039  df-tru 1486  df-ex 1705  df-nf 1710  df-sb 1881  df-eu 2474  df-mo 2475  df-clab 2609  df-cleq 2615  df-clel 2618  df-nfc 2753  df-ne 2795  df-nel 2898  df-ral 2917  df-rex 2918  df-reu 2919  df-rmo 2920  df-rab 2921  df-v 3202  df-sbc 3436  df-csb 3534  df-dif 3577  df-un 3579  df-in 3581  df-ss 3588  df-pss 3590  df-nul 3916  df-if 4087  df-pw 4160  df-sn 4178  df-pr 4180  df-tp 4182  df-op 4184  df-uni 4437  df-int 4476  df-iun 4522  df-br 4654  df-opab 4713  df-mpt 4730  df-tr 4753  df-id 5024  df-eprel 5029  df-po 5035  df-so 5036  df-fr 5073  df-we 5075  df-xp 5120  df-rel 5121  df-cnv 5122  df-co 5123  df-dm 5124  df-rn 5125  df-res 5126  df-ima 5127  df-pred 5680  df-ord 5726  df-on 5727  df-lim 5728  df-suc 5729  df-iota 5851  df-fun 5890  df-fn 5891  df-f 5892  df-f1 5893  df-fo 5894  df-f1o 5895  df-fv 5896  df-riota 6611  df-ov 6653  df-oprab 6654  df-mpt2 6655  df-om 7066  df-1st 7168  df-2nd 7169  df-wrecs 7407  df-recs 7468  df-rdg 7506  df-1o 7560  df-2o 7561  df-oadd 7564  df-er 7742  df-map 7859  df-pm 7860  df-en 7956  df-dom 7957  df-sdom 7958  df-fin 7959  df-card 8765  df-cda 8990  df-pnf 10076  df-mnf 10077  df-xr 10078  df-ltxr 10079  df-le 10080  df-sub 10268  df-neg 10269  df-nn 11021  df-2 11079  df-3 11080  df-4 11081  df-n0 11293  df-xnn0 11364  df-z 11378  df-uz 11688  df-fz 12327  df-fzo 12466  df-hash 13118  df-word 13299  df-concat 13301  df-s1 13302  df-s2 13593  df-s3 13594  df-s4 13595  df-edg 25940  df-uhgr 25953  df-upgr 25977  df-umgr 25978  df-wlks 26495  df-trls 26589  df-pths 26612  df-cycls 26682
This theorem is referenced by: (None)
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