Theorem dfphi2 15479

Description: Alternate definition of the Euler phi function. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 23-Feb-2014.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 2-May-2016.)

Assertion

Ref	Expression
dfphi2	|- ( N e. NN -> ( phi ` N ) = ( # ` { x e. ( 0..^ N ) | ( x gcd N ) = 1 } ) )

Distinct variable group:   x, N

Proof of Theorem dfphi2

Step	Hyp	Ref	Expression
1		elnn1uz2 11765	. 2 |- ( N e. NN <-> ( N = 1 \/ N e. ( ZZ>= ` 2 ) ) )
2		phi1 15478	. . . . 5 |- ( phi ` 1 ) = 1
3		0z 11388	. . . . . 6 |- 0 e. ZZ
4		hashsng 13159	. . . . . 6 |- ( 0 e. ZZ -> ( # ` { 0 } ) = 1 )
5	3, 4	ax-mp 5	. . . . 5 |- ( # ` { 0 } ) = 1
6		rabid2 3118	. . . . . . 7 |- ( { 0 } = { x e. { 0 } | ( x gcd 1 ) = 1 } <-> A. x e. { 0 } ( x gcd 1 ) = 1 )
7		elsni 4194	. . . . . . . . 9 |- ( x e. { 0 } -> x = 0 )
8	7	oveq1d 6665	. . . . . . . 8 |- ( x e. { 0 } -> ( x gcd 1 ) = ( 0 gcd 1 ) )
9		gcd1 15249	. . . . . . . . 9 |- ( 0 e. ZZ -> ( 0 gcd 1 ) = 1 )
10	3, 9	ax-mp 5	. . . . . . . 8 |- ( 0 gcd 1 ) = 1
11	8, 10	syl6eq 2672	. . . . . . 7 |- ( x e. { 0 } -> ( x gcd 1 ) = 1 )
12	6, 11	mprgbir 2927	. . . . . 6 |- { 0 } = { x e. { 0 } | ( x gcd 1 ) = 1 }
13	12	fveq2i 6194	. . . . 5 |- ( # ` { 0 } ) = ( # ` { x e. { 0 } | ( x gcd 1 ) = 1 } )
14	2, 5, 13	3eqtr2i 2650	. . . 4 |- ( phi ` 1 ) = ( # ` { x e. { 0 } | ( x gcd 1 ) = 1 } )
15		fveq2 6191	. . . 4 |- ( N = 1 -> ( phi ` N ) = ( phi ` 1 ) )
16		oveq2 6658	. . . . . . 7 |- ( N = 1 -> ( 0..^ N ) = ( 0..^ 1 ) )
17		fzo01 12550	. . . . . . 7 |- ( 0..^ 1 ) = { 0 }
18	16, 17	syl6eq 2672	. . . . . 6 |- ( N = 1 -> ( 0..^ N ) = { 0 } )
19		oveq2 6658	. . . . . . 7 |- ( N = 1 -> ( x gcd N ) = ( x gcd 1 ) )
20	19	eqeq1d 2624	. . . . . 6 |- ( N = 1 -> ( ( x gcd N ) = 1 <-> ( x gcd 1 ) = 1 ) )
21	18, 20	rabeqbidv 3195	. . . . 5 |- ( N = 1 -> { x e. ( 0..^ N ) | ( x gcd N ) = 1 } = { x e. { 0 } | ( x gcd 1 ) = 1 } )
22	21	fveq2d 6195	. . . 4 |- ( N = 1 -> ( # ` { x e. ( 0..^ N ) | ( x gcd N ) = 1 } ) = ( # ` { x e. { 0 } | ( x gcd 1 ) = 1 } ) )
23	14, 15, 22	3eqtr4a 2682	. . 3 |- ( N = 1 -> ( phi ` N ) = ( # ` { x e. ( 0..^ N ) | ( x gcd N ) = 1 } ) )
24		eluz2nn 11726	. . . . 5 |- ( N e. ( ZZ>= ` 2 ) -> N e. NN )
25		phival 15472	. . . . 5 |- ( N e. NN -> ( phi ` N ) = ( # ` { x e. ( 1 ... N ) | ( x gcd N ) = 1 } ) )
26	24, 25	syl 17	. . . 4 |- ( N e. ( ZZ>= ` 2 ) -> ( phi ` N ) = ( # ` { x e. ( 1 ... N ) | ( x gcd N ) = 1 } ) )
27		fzossfz 12488	. . . . . . . . . . 11 |- ( 1..^ N ) C_ ( 1 ... N )
28	27	a1i 11	. . . . . . . . . 10 |- ( N e. ( ZZ>= ` 2 ) -> ( 1..^ N ) C_ ( 1 ... N ) )
29		sseqin2 3817	. . . . . . . . . 10 |- ( ( 1..^ N ) C_ ( 1 ... N ) <-> ( ( 1 ... N ) i^i ( 1..^ N ) ) = ( 1..^ N ) )
30	28, 29	sylib 208	. . . . . . . . 9 |- ( N e. ( ZZ>= ` 2 ) -> ( ( 1 ... N ) i^i ( 1..^ N ) ) = ( 1..^ N ) )
31		fzo0ss1 12498	. . . . . . . . . 10 |- ( 1..^ N ) C_ ( 0..^ N )
32		sseqin2 3817	. . . . . . . . . 10 |- ( ( 1..^ N ) C_ ( 0..^ N ) <-> ( ( 0..^ N ) i^i ( 1..^ N ) ) = ( 1..^ N ) )
33	31, 32	mpbi 220	. . . . . . . . 9 |- ( ( 0..^ N ) i^i ( 1..^ N ) ) = ( 1..^ N )
34	30, 33	syl6eqr 2674	. . . . . . . 8 |- ( N e. ( ZZ>= ` 2 ) -> ( ( 1 ... N ) i^i ( 1..^ N ) ) = ( ( 0..^ N ) i^i ( 1..^ N ) ) )
35	34	rabeqdv 3194	. . . . . . 7 |- ( N e. ( ZZ>= ` 2 ) -> { x e. ( ( 1 ... N ) i^i ( 1..^ N ) ) | ( x gcd N ) = 1 } = { x e. ( ( 0..^ N ) i^i ( 1..^ N ) ) | ( x gcd N ) = 1 } )
36		inrab2 3900	. . . . . . 7 |- ( { x e. ( 1 ... N ) | ( x gcd N ) = 1 } i^i ( 1..^ N ) ) = { x e. ( ( 1 ... N ) i^i ( 1..^ N ) ) | ( x gcd N ) = 1 }
37		inrab2 3900	. . . . . . 7 |- ( { x e. ( 0..^ N ) | ( x gcd N ) = 1 } i^i ( 1..^ N ) ) = { x e. ( ( 0..^ N ) i^i ( 1..^ N ) ) | ( x gcd N ) = 1 }
38	35, 36, 37	3eqtr4g 2681	. . . . . 6 |- ( N e. ( ZZ>= ` 2 ) -> ( { x e. ( 1 ... N ) | ( x gcd N ) = 1 } i^i ( 1..^ N ) ) = ( { x e. ( 0..^ N ) | ( x gcd N ) = 1 } i^i ( 1..^ N ) ) )
39		phibndlem 15475	. . . . . . . 8 |- ( N e. ( ZZ>= ` 2 ) -> { x e. ( 1 ... N ) | ( x gcd N ) = 1 } C_ ( 1 ... ( N - 1 ) ) )
40		eluzelz 11697	. . . . . . . . 9 |- ( N e. ( ZZ>= ` 2 ) -> N e. ZZ )
41		fzoval 12471	. . . . . . . . 9 |- ( N e. ZZ -> ( 1..^ N ) = ( 1 ... ( N - 1 ) ) )
42	40, 41	syl 17	. . . . . . . 8 |- ( N e. ( ZZ>= ` 2 ) -> ( 1..^ N ) = ( 1 ... ( N - 1 ) ) )
43	39, 42	sseqtr4d 3642	. . . . . . 7 |- ( N e. ( ZZ>= ` 2 ) -> { x e. ( 1 ... N ) | ( x gcd N ) = 1 } C_ ( 1..^ N ) )
44		df-ss 3588	. . . . . . 7 |- ( { x e. ( 1 ... N ) | ( x gcd N ) = 1 } C_ ( 1..^ N ) <-> ( { x e. ( 1 ... N ) | ( x gcd N ) = 1 } i^i ( 1..^ N ) ) = { x e. ( 1 ... N ) | ( x gcd N ) = 1 } )
45	43, 44	sylib 208	. . . . . 6 |- ( N e. ( ZZ>= ` 2 ) -> ( { x e. ( 1 ... N ) | ( x gcd N ) = 1 } i^i ( 1..^ N ) ) = { x e. ( 1 ... N ) | ( x gcd N ) = 1 } )
46		gcd0id 15240	. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 |- ( N e. ZZ -> ( 0 gcd N ) = ( abs ` N ) )
47	40, 46	syl 17	. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 |- ( N e. ( ZZ>= ` 2 ) -> ( 0 gcd N ) = ( abs ` N ) )
48		eluzelre 11698	. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 |- ( N e. ( ZZ>= ` 2 ) -> N e. RR )
49		eluzge2nn0 11727	. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 |- ( N e. ( ZZ>= ` 2 ) -> N e. NN0 )
50	49	nn0ge0d 11354	. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 |- ( N e. ( ZZ>= ` 2 ) -> 0 <_ N )
51	48, 50	absidd 14161	. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 |- ( N e. ( ZZ>= ` 2 ) -> ( abs ` N ) = N )
52	47, 51	eqtrd 2656	. . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 |- ( N e. ( ZZ>= ` 2 ) -> ( 0 gcd N ) = N )
53		eluz2b3 11762	. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 |- ( N e. ( ZZ>= ` 2 ) <-> ( N e. NN /\ N =/= 1 ) )
54	53	simprbi 480	. . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 |- ( N e. ( ZZ>= ` 2 ) -> N =/= 1 )
55	52, 54	eqnetrd 2861	. . . . . . . . . . . . 13 |- ( N e. ( ZZ>= ` 2 ) -> ( 0 gcd N ) =/= 1 )
56	55	adantr 481	. . . . . . . . . . . 12 |- ( ( N e. ( ZZ>= ` 2 ) /\ x e. ( 0..^ N ) ) -> ( 0 gcd N ) =/= 1 )
57	7	oveq1d 6665	. . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 |- ( x e. { 0 } -> ( x gcd N ) = ( 0 gcd N ) )
58	57, 17	eleq2s 2719	. . . . . . . . . . . . 13 |- ( x e. ( 0..^ 1 ) -> ( x gcd N ) = ( 0 gcd N ) )
59	58	neeq1d 2853	. . . . . . . . . . . 12 |- ( x e. ( 0..^ 1 ) -> ( ( x gcd N ) =/= 1 <-> ( 0 gcd N ) =/= 1 ) )
60	56, 59	syl5ibrcom 237	. . . . . . . . . . 11 |- ( ( N e. ( ZZ>= ` 2 ) /\ x e. ( 0..^ N ) ) -> ( x e. ( 0..^ 1 ) -> ( x gcd N ) =/= 1 ) )
61	60	necon2bd 2810	. . . . . . . . . 10 |- ( ( N e. ( ZZ>= ` 2 ) /\ x e. ( 0..^ N ) ) -> ( ( x gcd N ) = 1 -> -. x e. ( 0..^ 1 ) ) )
62		simpr 477	. . . . . . . . . . . 12 |- ( ( N e. ( ZZ>= ` 2 ) /\ x e. ( 0..^ N ) ) -> x e. ( 0..^ N ) )
63		1z 11407	. . . . . . . . . . . 12 |- 1 e. ZZ
64		fzospliti 12500	. . . . . . . . . . . 12 |- ( ( x e. ( 0..^ N ) /\ 1 e. ZZ ) -> ( x e. ( 0..^ 1 ) \/ x e. ( 1..^ N ) ) )
65	62, 63, 64	sylancl 694	. . . . . . . . . . 11 |- ( ( N e. ( ZZ>= ` 2 ) /\ x e. ( 0..^ N ) ) -> ( x e. ( 0..^ 1 ) \/ x e. ( 1..^ N ) ) )
66	65	ord 392	. . . . . . . . . 10 |- ( ( N e. ( ZZ>= ` 2 ) /\ x e. ( 0..^ N ) ) -> ( -. x e. ( 0..^ 1 ) -> x e. ( 1..^ N ) ) )
67	61, 66	syld 47	. . . . . . . . 9 |- ( ( N e. ( ZZ>= ` 2 ) /\ x e. ( 0..^ N ) ) -> ( ( x gcd N ) = 1 -> x e. ( 1..^ N ) ) )
68	67	ralrimiva 2966	. . . . . . . 8 |- ( N e. ( ZZ>= ` 2 ) -> A. x e. ( 0..^ N ) ( ( x gcd N ) = 1 -> x e. ( 1..^ N ) ) )
69		rabss 3679	. . . . . . . 8 |- ( { x e. ( 0..^ N ) | ( x gcd N ) = 1 } C_ ( 1..^ N ) <-> A. x e. ( 0..^ N ) ( ( x gcd N ) = 1 -> x e. ( 1..^ N ) ) )
70	68, 69	sylibr 224	. . . . . . 7 |- ( N e. ( ZZ>= ` 2 ) -> { x e. ( 0..^ N ) | ( x gcd N ) = 1 } C_ ( 1..^ N ) )
71		df-ss 3588	. . . . . . 7 |- ( { x e. ( 0..^ N ) | ( x gcd N ) = 1 } C_ ( 1..^ N ) <-> ( { x e. ( 0..^ N ) | ( x gcd N ) = 1 } i^i ( 1..^ N ) ) = { x e. ( 0..^ N ) | ( x gcd N ) = 1 } )
72	70, 71	sylib 208	. . . . . 6 |- ( N e. ( ZZ>= ` 2 ) -> ( { x e. ( 0..^ N ) | ( x gcd N ) = 1 } i^i ( 1..^ N ) ) = { x e. ( 0..^ N ) | ( x gcd N ) = 1 } )
73	38, 45, 72	3eqtr3d 2664	. . . . 5 |- ( N e. ( ZZ>= ` 2 ) -> { x e. ( 1 ... N ) | ( x gcd N ) = 1 } = { x e. ( 0..^ N ) | ( x gcd N ) = 1 } )
74	73	fveq2d 6195	. . . 4 |- ( N e. ( ZZ>= ` 2 ) -> ( # ` { x e. ( 1 ... N ) | ( x gcd N ) = 1 } ) = ( # ` { x e. ( 0..^ N ) | ( x gcd N ) = 1 } ) )
75	26, 74	eqtrd 2656	. . 3 |- ( N e. ( ZZ>= ` 2 ) -> ( phi ` N ) = ( # ` { x e. ( 0..^ N ) | ( x gcd N ) = 1 } ) )
76	23, 75	jaoi 394	. 2 |- ( ( N = 1 \/ N e. ( ZZ>= ` 2 ) ) -> ( phi ` N ) = ( # ` { x e. ( 0..^ N ) | ( x gcd N ) = 1 } ) )
77	1, 76	sylbi 207	1 |- ( N e. NN -> ( phi ` N ) = ( # ` { x e. ( 0..^ N ) | ( x gcd N ) = 1 } ) )

Syntax hints:   -. wn 3   -> wi 4   \/ wo 383   /\ wa 384   = wceq 1483   e. wcel 1990   =/= wne 2794   A.wral 2912   {crab 2916   i^i cin 3573   C_ wss 3574   {csn 4177   ` cfv 5888  (class class class)co 6650   0cc0 9936   1c1 9937   - cmin 10266   NNcn 11020   2c2 11070   ZZcz 11377   ZZ>=cuz 11687   ...cfz 12326  ..^cfzo 12465   #chash 13117   abscabs 13974   gcd cgcd 15216   phicphi 15469

This theorem was proved from axioms:  ax-mp 5  ax-1 6  ax-2 7  ax-3 8  ax-gen 1722  ax-4 1737  ax-5 1839  ax-6 1888  ax-7 1935  ax-8 1992  ax-9 1999  ax-10 2019  ax-11 2034  ax-12 2047  ax-13 2246  ax-ext 2602  ax-sep 4781  ax-nul 4789  ax-pow 4843  ax-pr 4906  ax-un 6949  ax-cnex 9992  ax-resscn 9993  ax-1cn 9994  ax-icn 9995  ax-addcl 9996  ax-addrcl 9997  ax-mulcl 9998  ax-mulrcl 9999  ax-mulcom 10000  ax-addass 10001  ax-mulass 10002  ax-distr 10003  ax-i2m1 10004  ax-1ne0 10005  ax-1rid 10006  ax-rnegex 10007  ax-rrecex 10008  ax-cnre 10009  ax-pre-lttri 10010  ax-pre-lttrn 10011  ax-pre-ltadd 10012  ax-pre-mulgt0 10013  ax-pre-sup 10014

This theorem depends on definitions:  df-bi 197  df-or 385  df-an 386  df-3or 1038  df-3an 1039  df-tru 1486  df-ex 1705  df-nf 1710  df-sb 1881  df-eu 2474  df-mo 2475  df-clab 2609  df-cleq 2615  df-clel 2618  df-nfc 2753  df-ne 2795  df-nel 2898  df-ral 2917  df-rex 2918  df-reu 2919  df-rmo 2920  df-rab 2921  df-v 3202  df-sbc 3436  df-csb 3534  df-dif 3577  df-un 3579  df-in 3581  df-ss 3588  df-pss 3590  df-nul 3916  df-if 4087  df-pw 4160  df-sn 4178  df-pr 4180  df-tp 4182  df-op 4184  df-uni 4437  df-int 4476  df-iun 4522  df-br 4654  df-opab 4713  df-mpt 4730  df-tr 4753  df-id 5024  df-eprel 5029  df-po 5035  df-so 5036  df-fr 5073  df-we 5075  df-xp 5120  df-rel 5121  df-cnv 5122  df-co 5123  df-dm 5124  df-rn 5125  df-res 5126  df-ima 5127  df-pred 5680  df-ord 5726  df-on 5727  df-lim 5728  df-suc 5729  df-iota 5851  df-fun 5890  df-fn 5891  df-f 5892  df-f1 5893  df-fo 5894  df-f1o 5895  df-fv 5896  df-riota 6611  df-ov 6653  df-oprab 6654  df-mpt2 6655  df-om 7066  df-1st 7168  df-2nd 7169  df-wrecs 7407  df-recs 7468  df-rdg 7506  df-1o 7560  df-oadd 7564  df-er 7742  df-en 7956  df-dom 7957  df-sdom 7958  df-fin 7959  df-sup 8348  df-inf 8349  df-card 8765  df-pnf 10076  df-mnf 10077  df-xr 10078  df-ltxr 10079  df-le 10080  df-sub 10268  df-neg 10269  df-div 10685  df-nn 11021  df-2 11079  df-3 11080  df-n0 11293  df-xnn0 11364  df-z 11378  df-uz 11688  df-rp 11833  df-fz 12327  df-fzo 12466  df-seq 12802  df-exp 12861  df-hash 13118  df-cj 13839  df-re 13840  df-im 13841  df-sqrt 13975  df-abs 13976  df-dvds 14984  df-gcd 15217  df-phi 15471

This theorem is referenced by:  phimullem  15484  eulerth  15488  hashgcdeq  15494  odngen  17992  znunithash  19913