circlemethnat - Mathbox for Thierry Arnoux

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Theorem circlemethnat 30719

Description: The Hardy, Littlewood and Ramanujan Circle Method, Chapter 5.1 of [Nathanson] p. 123. This expresses 𝑅, the number of different ways a nonnegative integer 𝑁 can be represented as the sum of at most 𝑆 integers in the set 𝐴 as an integral of Vinogradov trigonometric sums. (Contributed by Thierry Arnoux, 13-Dec-2021.)

**Hypotheses**
Ref	Expression
circlemethnat.r	⊢ 𝑅 = (#‘(𝐴(repr‘𝑆)𝑁))
circlemethnat.f	⊢ 𝐹 = ((((𝟭‘ℕ)‘𝐴)vts𝑁)‘𝑥)
circlemethnat.n	⊢ 𝑁 ∈ ℕ₀
circlemethnat.a	⊢ 𝐴 ⊆ ℕ
circlemethnat.s	⊢ 𝑆 ∈ ℕ

**Assertion**
Ref	Expression
circlemethnat	⊢ 𝑅 = ∫(0(,)1)((𝐹↑𝑆) · (exp‘((i · (2 · π)) · (-𝑁 · 𝑥)))) d𝑥

Distinct variable groups: 𝑥,𝐴 𝑥,𝑁 𝑥,𝑆 Allowed substitution hints: 𝑅(𝑥) 𝐹(𝑥)

Proof of Theorem circlemethnat Dummy variables 𝑎 𝑐 are mutually distinct and distinct from all other variables.

Step	Hyp	Ref	Expression
1		nnex 11026	. . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 ⊢ ℕ ∈ V
2		circlemethnat.a	. . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 ⊢ 𝐴 ⊆ ℕ
3		indf 30077	. . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 ⊢ ((ℕ ∈ V ∧ 𝐴 ⊆ ℕ) → ((𝟭‘ℕ)‘𝐴):ℕ⟶{0, 1})
4	1, 2, 3	mp2an 708	. . . . . . . . . . . . 13 ⊢ ((𝟭‘ℕ)‘𝐴):ℕ⟶{0, 1}
5		pr01ssre 29570	. . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 ⊢ {0, 1} ⊆ ℝ
6		ax-resscn 9993	. . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 ⊢ ℝ ⊆ ℂ
7	5, 6	sstri 3612	. . . . . . . . . . . . 13 ⊢ {0, 1} ⊆ ℂ
8		fss 6056	. . . . . . . . . . . . 13 ⊢ ((((𝟭‘ℕ)‘𝐴):ℕ⟶{0, 1} ∧ {0, 1} ⊆ ℂ) → ((𝟭‘ℕ)‘𝐴):ℕ⟶ℂ)
9	4, 7, 8	mp2an 708	. . . . . . . . . . . 12 ⊢ ((𝟭‘ℕ)‘𝐴):ℕ⟶ℂ
10		cnex 10017	. . . . . . . . . . . . 13 ⊢ ℂ ∈ V
11	10, 1	elmap 7886	. . . . . . . . . . . 12 ⊢ (((𝟭‘ℕ)‘𝐴) ∈ (ℂ ↑_𝑚 ℕ) ↔ ((𝟭‘ℕ)‘𝐴):ℕ⟶ℂ)
12	9, 11	mpbir 221	. . . . . . . . . . 11 ⊢ ((𝟭‘ℕ)‘𝐴) ∈ (ℂ ↑_𝑚 ℕ)
13	12	elexi 3213	. . . . . . . . . 10 ⊢ ((𝟭‘ℕ)‘𝐴) ∈ V
14	13	fvconst2 6469	. . . . . . . . 9 ⊢ (𝑎 ∈ (0..^𝑆) → (((0..^𝑆) × {((𝟭‘ℕ)‘𝐴)})‘𝑎) = ((𝟭‘ℕ)‘𝐴))
15	14	adantl 482	. . . . . . . 8 ⊢ (((⊤ ∧ 𝑐 ∈ (ℕ(repr‘𝑆)𝑁)) ∧ 𝑎 ∈ (0..^𝑆)) → (((0..^𝑆) × {((𝟭‘ℕ)‘𝐴)})‘𝑎) = ((𝟭‘ℕ)‘𝐴))
16	15	fveq1d 6193	. . . . . . 7 ⊢ (((⊤ ∧ 𝑐 ∈ (ℕ(repr‘𝑆)𝑁)) ∧ 𝑎 ∈ (0..^𝑆)) → ((((0..^𝑆) × {((𝟭‘ℕ)‘𝐴)})‘𝑎)‘(𝑐‘𝑎)) = (((𝟭‘ℕ)‘𝐴)‘(𝑐‘𝑎)))
17	16	prodeq2dv 14653	. . . . . 6 ⊢ ((⊤ ∧ 𝑐 ∈ (ℕ(repr‘𝑆)𝑁)) → ∏𝑎 ∈ (0..^𝑆)((((0..^𝑆) × {((𝟭‘ℕ)‘𝐴)})‘𝑎)‘(𝑐‘𝑎)) = ∏𝑎 ∈ (0..^𝑆)(((𝟭‘ℕ)‘𝐴)‘(𝑐‘𝑎)))
18	17	sumeq2dv 14433	. . . . 5 ⊢ (⊤ → Σ𝑐 ∈ (ℕ(repr‘𝑆)𝑁)∏𝑎 ∈ (0..^𝑆)((((0..^𝑆) × {((𝟭‘ℕ)‘𝐴)})‘𝑎)‘(𝑐‘𝑎)) = Σ𝑐 ∈ (ℕ(repr‘𝑆)𝑁)∏𝑎 ∈ (0..^𝑆)(((𝟭‘ℕ)‘𝐴)‘(𝑐‘𝑎)))
19	2	a1i 11	. . . . . 6 ⊢ (⊤ → 𝐴 ⊆ ℕ)
20		circlemethnat.n	. . . . . . 7 ⊢ 𝑁 ∈ ℕ₀
21	20	a1i 11	. . . . . 6 ⊢ (⊤ → 𝑁 ∈ ℕ₀)
22		circlemethnat.s	. . . . . . . 8 ⊢ 𝑆 ∈ ℕ
23	22	a1i 11	. . . . . . 7 ⊢ (⊤ → 𝑆 ∈ ℕ)
24	23	nnnn0d 11351	. . . . . 6 ⊢ (⊤ → 𝑆 ∈ ℕ₀)
25	19, 21, 24	hashrepr 30703	. . . . 5 ⊢ (⊤ → (#‘(𝐴(repr‘𝑆)𝑁)) = Σ𝑐 ∈ (ℕ(repr‘𝑆)𝑁)∏𝑎 ∈ (0..^𝑆)(((𝟭‘ℕ)‘𝐴)‘(𝑐‘𝑎)))
26	18, 25	eqtr4d 2659	. . . 4 ⊢ (⊤ → Σ𝑐 ∈ (ℕ(repr‘𝑆)𝑁)∏𝑎 ∈ (0..^𝑆)((((0..^𝑆) × {((𝟭‘ℕ)‘𝐴)})‘𝑎)‘(𝑐‘𝑎)) = (#‘(𝐴(repr‘𝑆)𝑁)))
27		circlemethnat.r	. . . 4 ⊢ 𝑅 = (#‘(𝐴(repr‘𝑆)𝑁))
28	26, 27	syl6reqr 2675	. . 3 ⊢ (⊤ → 𝑅 = Σ𝑐 ∈ (ℕ(repr‘𝑆)𝑁)∏𝑎 ∈ (0..^𝑆)((((0..^𝑆) × {((𝟭‘ℕ)‘𝐴)})‘𝑎)‘(𝑐‘𝑎)))
29	12	fconst6 6095	. . . . 5 ⊢ ((0..^𝑆) × {((𝟭‘ℕ)‘𝐴)}):(0..^𝑆)⟶(ℂ ↑_𝑚 ℕ)
30	29	a1i 11	. . . 4 ⊢ (⊤ → ((0..^𝑆) × {((𝟭‘ℕ)‘𝐴)}):(0..^𝑆)⟶(ℂ ↑_𝑚 ℕ))
31	21, 23, 30	circlemeth 30718	. . 3 ⊢ (⊤ → Σ𝑐 ∈ (ℕ(repr‘𝑆)𝑁)∏𝑎 ∈ (0..^𝑆)((((0..^𝑆) × {((𝟭‘ℕ)‘𝐴)})‘𝑎)‘(𝑐‘𝑎)) = ∫(0(,)1)(∏𝑎 ∈ (0..^𝑆)(((((0..^𝑆) × {((𝟭‘ℕ)‘𝐴)})‘𝑎)vts𝑁)‘𝑥) · (exp‘((i · (2 · π)) · (-𝑁 · 𝑥)))) d𝑥)
32		fzofi 12773	. . . . . . . 8 ⊢ (0..^𝑆) ∈ Fin
33	32	a1i 11	. . . . . . 7 ⊢ ((⊤ ∧ 𝑥 ∈ (0(,)1)) → (0..^𝑆) ∈ Fin)
34		circlemethnat.f	. . . . . . . 8 ⊢ 𝐹 = ((((𝟭‘ℕ)‘𝐴)vts𝑁)‘𝑥)
35	20	a1i 11	. . . . . . . . 9 ⊢ ((⊤ ∧ 𝑥 ∈ (0(,)1)) → 𝑁 ∈ ℕ₀)
36		ioossre 12235	. . . . . . . . . . . 12 ⊢ (0(,)1) ⊆ ℝ
37	36, 6	sstri 3612	. . . . . . . . . . 11 ⊢ (0(,)1) ⊆ ℂ
38	37	a1i 11	. . . . . . . . . 10 ⊢ (⊤ → (0(,)1) ⊆ ℂ)
39	38	sselda 3603	. . . . . . . . 9 ⊢ ((⊤ ∧ 𝑥 ∈ (0(,)1)) → 𝑥 ∈ ℂ)
40	9	a1i 11	. . . . . . . . 9 ⊢ ((⊤ ∧ 𝑥 ∈ (0(,)1)) → ((𝟭‘ℕ)‘𝐴):ℕ⟶ℂ)
41	35, 39, 40	vtscl 30716	. . . . . . . 8 ⊢ ((⊤ ∧ 𝑥 ∈ (0(,)1)) → ((((𝟭‘ℕ)‘𝐴)vts𝑁)‘𝑥) ∈ ℂ)
42	34, 41	syl5eqel 2705	. . . . . . 7 ⊢ ((⊤ ∧ 𝑥 ∈ (0(,)1)) → 𝐹 ∈ ℂ)
43		fprodconst 14708	. . . . . . 7 ⊢ (((0..^𝑆) ∈ Fin ∧ 𝐹 ∈ ℂ) → ∏𝑎 ∈ (0..^𝑆)𝐹 = (𝐹↑(#‘(0..^𝑆))))
44	33, 42, 43	syl2anc 693	. . . . . 6 ⊢ ((⊤ ∧ 𝑥 ∈ (0(,)1)) → ∏𝑎 ∈ (0..^𝑆)𝐹 = (𝐹↑(#‘(0..^𝑆))))
45	14	adantl 482	. . . . . . . . . 10 ⊢ (((⊤ ∧ 𝑥 ∈ (0(,)1)) ∧ 𝑎 ∈ (0..^𝑆)) → (((0..^𝑆) × {((𝟭‘ℕ)‘𝐴)})‘𝑎) = ((𝟭‘ℕ)‘𝐴))
46	45	oveq1d 6665	. . . . . . . . 9 ⊢ (((⊤ ∧ 𝑥 ∈ (0(,)1)) ∧ 𝑎 ∈ (0..^𝑆)) → ((((0..^𝑆) × {((𝟭‘ℕ)‘𝐴)})‘𝑎)vts𝑁) = (((𝟭‘ℕ)‘𝐴)vts𝑁))
47	46	fveq1d 6193	. . . . . . . 8 ⊢ (((⊤ ∧ 𝑥 ∈ (0(,)1)) ∧ 𝑎 ∈ (0..^𝑆)) → (((((0..^𝑆) × {((𝟭‘ℕ)‘𝐴)})‘𝑎)vts𝑁)‘𝑥) = ((((𝟭‘ℕ)‘𝐴)vts𝑁)‘𝑥))
48	47, 34	syl6reqr 2675	. . . . . . 7 ⊢ (((⊤ ∧ 𝑥 ∈ (0(,)1)) ∧ 𝑎 ∈ (0..^𝑆)) → 𝐹 = (((((0..^𝑆) × {((𝟭‘ℕ)‘𝐴)})‘𝑎)vts𝑁)‘𝑥))
49	48	prodeq2dv 14653	. . . . . 6 ⊢ ((⊤ ∧ 𝑥 ∈ (0(,)1)) → ∏𝑎 ∈ (0..^𝑆)𝐹 = ∏𝑎 ∈ (0..^𝑆)(((((0..^𝑆) × {((𝟭‘ℕ)‘𝐴)})‘𝑎)vts𝑁)‘𝑥))
50	24	adantr 481	. . . . . . . 8 ⊢ ((⊤ ∧ 𝑥 ∈ (0(,)1)) → 𝑆 ∈ ℕ₀)
51		hashfzo0 13217	. . . . . . . 8 ⊢ (𝑆 ∈ ℕ₀ → (#‘(0..^𝑆)) = 𝑆)
52	50, 51	syl 17	. . . . . . 7 ⊢ ((⊤ ∧ 𝑥 ∈ (0(,)1)) → (#‘(0..^𝑆)) = 𝑆)
53	52	oveq2d 6666	. . . . . 6 ⊢ ((⊤ ∧ 𝑥 ∈ (0(,)1)) → (𝐹↑(#‘(0..^𝑆))) = (𝐹↑𝑆))
54	44, 49, 53	3eqtr3d 2664	. . . . 5 ⊢ ((⊤ ∧ 𝑥 ∈ (0(,)1)) → ∏𝑎 ∈ (0..^𝑆)(((((0..^𝑆) × {((𝟭‘ℕ)‘𝐴)})‘𝑎)vts𝑁)‘𝑥) = (𝐹↑𝑆))
55	54	oveq1d 6665	. . . 4 ⊢ ((⊤ ∧ 𝑥 ∈ (0(,)1)) → (∏𝑎 ∈ (0..^𝑆)(((((0..^𝑆) × {((𝟭‘ℕ)‘𝐴)})‘𝑎)vts𝑁)‘𝑥) · (exp‘((i · (2 · π)) · (-𝑁 · 𝑥)))) = ((𝐹↑𝑆) · (exp‘((i · (2 · π)) · (-𝑁 · 𝑥)))))
56	55	itgeq2dv 23548	. . 3 ⊢ (⊤ → ∫(0(,)1)(∏𝑎 ∈ (0..^𝑆)(((((0..^𝑆) × {((𝟭‘ℕ)‘𝐴)})‘𝑎)vts𝑁)‘𝑥) · (exp‘((i · (2 · π)) · (-𝑁 · 𝑥)))) d𝑥 = ∫(0(,)1)((𝐹↑𝑆) · (exp‘((i · (2 · π)) · (-𝑁 · 𝑥)))) d𝑥)
57	28, 31, 56	3eqtrd 2660	. 2 ⊢ (⊤ → 𝑅 = ∫(0(,)1)((𝐹↑𝑆) · (exp‘((i · (2 · π)) · (-𝑁 · 𝑥)))) d𝑥)
58	57	trud 1493	1 ⊢ 𝑅 = ∫(0(,)1)((𝐹↑𝑆) · (exp‘((i · (2 · π)) · (-𝑁 · 𝑥)))) d𝑥

Colors of variables: wff setvar class

Syntax hints: ∧ wa 384 = wceq 1483 ⊤wtru 1484 ∈ wcel 1990 Vcvv 3200 ⊆ wss 3574 {csn 4177 {cpr 4179 × cxp 5112 ⟶wf 5884 ‘cfv 5888 (class class class)co 6650 ↑_𝑚 cmap 7857 Fincfn 7955 ℂcc 9934 ℝcr 9935 0cc0 9936 1c1 9937 ici 9938 · cmul 9941 -cneg 10267 ℕcn 11020 2c2 11070 ℕ₀cn0 11292 (,)cioo 12175 ..^cfzo 12465 ↑cexp 12860 #chash 13117 Σcsu 14416 ∏cprod 14635 expce 14792 πcpi 14797 ∫citg 23387 𝟭cind 30072 reprcrepr 30686 vtscvts 30713

This theorem was proved from axioms: ax-mp 5 ax-1 6 ax-2 7 ax-3 8 ax-gen 1722 ax-4 1737 ax-5 1839 ax-6 1888 ax-7 1935 ax-8 1992 ax-9 1999 ax-10 2019 ax-11 2034 ax-12 2047 ax-13 2246 ax-ext 2602 ax-rep 4771 ax-sep 4781 ax-nul 4789 ax-pow 4843 ax-pr 4906 ax-un 6949 ax-inf2 8538 ax-cc 9257 ax-cnex 9992 ax-resscn 9993 ax-1cn 9994 ax-icn 9995 ax-addcl 9996 ax-addrcl 9997 ax-mulcl 9998 ax-mulrcl 9999 ax-mulcom 10000 ax-addass 10001 ax-mulass 10002 ax-distr 10003 ax-i2m1 10004 ax-1ne0 10005 ax-1rid 10006 ax-rnegex 10007 ax-rrecex 10008 ax-cnre 10009 ax-pre-lttri 10010 ax-pre-lttrn 10011 ax-pre-ltadd 10012 ax-pre-mulgt0 10013 ax-pre-sup 10014 ax-addf 10015 ax-mulf 10016

This theorem depends on definitions: df-bi 197 df-or 385 df-an 386 df-3or 1038 df-3an 1039 df-tru 1486 df-fal 1489 df-ex 1705 df-nf 1710 df-sb 1881 df-eu 2474 df-mo 2475 df-clab 2609 df-cleq 2615 df-clel 2618 df-nfc 2753 df-ne 2795 df-nel 2898 df-ral 2917 df-rex 2918 df-reu 2919 df-rmo 2920 df-rab 2921 df-v 3202 df-sbc 3436 df-csb 3534 df-dif 3577 df-un 3579 df-in 3581 df-ss 3588 df-pss 3590 df-nul 3916 df-if 4087 df-pw 4160 df-sn 4178 df-pr 4180 df-tp 4182 df-op 4184 df-uni 4437 df-int 4476 df-iun 4522 df-iin 4523 df-disj 4621 df-br 4654 df-opab 4713 df-mpt 4730 df-tr 4753 df-id 5024 df-eprel 5029 df-po 5035 df-so 5036 df-fr 5073 df-se 5074 df-we 5075 df-xp 5120 df-rel 5121 df-cnv 5122 df-co 5123 df-dm 5124 df-rn 5125 df-res 5126 df-ima 5127 df-pred 5680 df-ord 5726 df-on 5727 df-lim 5728 df-suc 5729 df-iota 5851 df-fun 5890 df-fn 5891 df-f 5892 df-f1 5893 df-fo 5894 df-f1o 5895 df-fv 5896 df-isom 5897 df-riota 6611 df-ov 6653 df-oprab 6654 df-mpt2 6655 df-of 6897 df-ofr 6898 df-om 7066 df-1st 7168 df-2nd 7169 df-supp 7296 df-wrecs 7407 df-recs 7468 df-rdg 7506 df-1o 7560 df-2o 7561 df-oadd 7564 df-omul 7565 df-er 7742 df-map 7859 df-pm 7860 df-ixp 7909 df-en 7956 df-dom 7957 df-sdom 7958 df-fin 7959 df-fsupp 8276 df-fi 8317 df-sup 8348 df-inf 8349 df-oi 8415 df-card 8765 df-acn 8768 df-cda 8990 df-pnf 10076 df-mnf 10077 df-xr 10078 df-ltxr 10079 df-le 10080 df-sub 10268 df-neg 10269 df-div 10685 df-nn 11021 df-2 11079 df-3 11080 df-4 11081 df-5 11082 df-6 11083 df-7 11084 df-8 11085 df-9 11086 df-n0 11293 df-z 11378 df-dec 11494 df-uz 11688 df-q 11789 df-rp 11833 df-xneg 11946 df-xadd 11947 df-xmul 11948 df-ioo 12179 df-ioc 12180 df-ico 12181 df-icc 12182 df-fz 12327 df-fzo 12466 df-fl 12593 df-mod 12669 df-seq 12802 df-exp 12861 df-fac 13061 df-bc 13090 df-hash 13118 df-shft 13807 df-cj 13839 df-re 13840 df-im 13841 df-sqrt 13975 df-abs 13976 df-limsup 14202 df-clim 14219 df-rlim 14220 df-sum 14417 df-prod 14636 df-ef 14798 df-sin 14800 df-cos 14801 df-pi 14803 df-struct 15859 df-ndx 15860 df-slot 15861 df-base 15863 df-sets 15864 df-ress 15865 df-plusg 15954 df-mulr 15955 df-starv 15956 df-sca 15957 df-vsca 15958 df-ip 15959 df-tset 15960 df-ple 15961 df-ds 15964 df-unif 15965 df-hom 15966 df-cco 15967 df-rest 16083 df-topn 16084 df-0g 16102 df-gsum 16103 df-topgen 16104 df-pt 16105 df-prds 16108 df-xrs 16162 df-qtop 16167 df-imas 16168 df-xps 16170 df-mre 16246 df-mrc 16247 df-acs 16249 df-mgm 17242 df-sgrp 17284 df-mnd 17295 df-submnd 17336 df-mulg 17541 df-cntz 17750 df-cmn 18195 df-psmet 19738 df-xmet 19739 df-met 19740 df-bl 19741 df-mopn 19742 df-fbas 19743 df-fg 19744 df-cnfld 19747 df-top 20699 df-topon 20716 df-topsp 20737 df-bases 20750 df-cld 20823 df-ntr 20824 df-cls 20825 df-nei 20902 df-lp 20940 df-perf 20941 df-cn 21031 df-cnp 21032 df-haus 21119 df-cmp 21190 df-tx 21365 df-hmeo 21558 df-fil 21650 df-fm 21742 df-flim 21743 df-flf 21744 df-xms 22125 df-ms 22126 df-tms 22127 df-cncf 22681 df-ovol 23233 df-vol 23234 df-mbf 23388 df-itg1 23389 df-itg2 23390 df-ibl 23391 df-itg 23392 df-0p 23437 df-limc 23630 df-dv 23631 df-ind 30073 df-repr 30687 df-vts 30714

This theorem is referenced by: (None)

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